A Kerala astronomer placed the planets in orbit around the Sun a century before Europe's Tycho Brahe proposed the same.
Nīlakaṇṭha Somayāji's Tantrasaṅgraha (1501) has Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn orbiting the Sun, which in turn moves around the Earth.
— Nīlakaṇṭha Somayāji, Tantrasaṅgraha (1501)
Tycho Brahe's geo-heliocentric model (1588); the road to Copernican astronomy.
A genuine, defensible parallel.
Nīlakaṇṭha, of the Kerala school, revised planetary theory so that the five planets orbit the Sun, while the Sun orbits the Earth — mathematically very close to the model Tycho Brahe would propose in Europe almost a century later, and a real improvement in predicting planetary positions.
The fair framing: this is geo-heliocentric, not fully Copernican (Earth still central), and it built on a long Indian computational-astronomy tradition rather than appearing from nowhere. But as an independent, sophisticated step toward heliocentrism — earlier than Tycho — it's a genuine and under-told achievement.