Yoga Sutras of Patanjali

तत्प्रतिषेधार्थम् एकतत्त्वाभ्यासः

For the removal of these, practice of one principle.

मैत्रीकरुणामुदितोपेक्षाणां सुखदुःखपुण्यापुण्यविषयाणां भावनातश् चित्तप्रसादनम्

By cultivating friendliness, compassion, joy, and equanimity toward the happy, suffering, virtuous, and non-virtuous, the mind becomes clear.

प्रच्छर्दनविधारणाभ्यां वा प्राणस्य

Or by exhalation and retention of the breath.

विषयवती वा प्रवृत्तिर् उत्पन्ना मनसः स्थितिनिबन्धनी

Or by the arising of a mental activity with a sensory object as its support.

विशोका वा ज्योतिष्मती

Or by a mind that is free from sorrow and luminous.

वीतरागविषयं वा चित्तम्

Or, the mind may be directed toward one free from passion for sense objects.

स्वप्ननिद्राज्ञानालम्बनं वा

Or, it may rest upon knowledge arising from dreams or sleep.

यथाभिमतध्यानाद् वा

Or, through meditation on whatever is suitable to one's inclination.

परमाणुपरममहत्त्वान्तो ऽस्य वशीकारः

Mastery extends from the smallest atom to the greatest magnitude.

क्षीणवृत्तेर् अभिजातस्येव मणेर् ग्रहीतृग्रहणग्राह्येषु तत्स्थतदञ्जनता समापत्तिः

When the fluctuations have diminished, the mind becomes like a flawless jewel, taking on the color of the perceiver, the act of perception, and the object perceived—this is absorption.

तत्र शब्दार्थज्ञानविकल्पैः संकीर्णा सवितर्का समापत्तिः

In that state, absorption accompanied by reasoning is mixed with concepts of word, meaning, and knowledge.

स्मृतिपरिशुद्धौ स्वरूपशून्येवार्थमात्रनिर्भासा निर्वितर्का

When memory is purified, the mind appears as if empty of its own nature, and only the object shines forth—this is absorption without reasoning.

एतयैव सविचारा निर्विचारा च सूक्ष्मविषया व्याख्याता

By this same process, absorption with and without subtle reflection, concerning subtle objects, is explained.

सूक्ष्मविषयत्वं चालिङ्गपर्यवसानम्

The subtlety of the object culminates in that which is without distinguishing mark.

ता एव सबीजः समाधिः

These are samādhi with seed.

निर्विचारवैशारद्ये ऽध्यात्मप्रसादः

With mastery of absorption without subtle reflection, clarity of the inner self arises.

ऋतंभरा तत्र प्रज्ञा

There, knowledge is filled with truth.

श्रुतानुमानप्रज्ञाभ्याम् अन्यविषया विशेषार्थत्वात्

This knowledge is distinct from knowledge gained by testimony or inference, because it concerns a particular object.

तज्जः संस्कारो ऽन्यसंस्कारप्रतिबन्धी

The impression born of that absorption obstructs other impressions.

तस्यापि निरोधे सर्वनिरोधान् निर्बीजः समाधिः

With the cessation even of that, when all cessation is accomplished, samādhi without seed arises.

तपःस्वाध्यायेश्वरप्रणिधानानि क्रियायोगः

Austerity, study, and devotion to the Lord are the yoga of action.

समाधिभावनार्थः क्लेशतनूकरणार्थश् च

This is for cultivating samādhi and for attenuating the afflictions.

अविद्यास्मितारागद्वेषाभिनिवेशाः क्लेशाः

Ignorance, egoism, attachment, aversion, and clinging to life are the afflictions.

अविद्या क्षेत्रम् उत्तरेषां प्रसुप्ततनुविच्छिन्नोदाराणाम्

Ignorance is the field for the others, whether dormant, attenuated, interrupted, or fully active.

अनित्याशुचिदुःखानात्मसु नित्यशुचिसुखात्मख्यातिर् अविद्या

Ignorance is seeing the impermanent, impure, painful, and non-self as permanent, pure, pleasurable, and self.

दृग्दर्शनशक्त्योर् एकात्मतेवास्मिता

Egoism is the apparent identification of the powers of seeing and the seen as one.

सुखानुशयी रागः

Attachment is that which dwells upon pleasure.

दुःखानुशयी द्वेषः

Aversion is that which dwells upon pain.

स्वरसवाही विदुषो ऽपि तथा रूढो ऽभिनिवेशः

Clinging to life flows on by its own force, established even in the wise in the same way.