अथातो दैवस्मरो यस्य प्रियो बुभूषेद्यस्यै वा एषां वै तेषामेवैकस्मिन्पर्वण्यग्निमुपसमाधायैतयैवावृतैता आज्याहुतीर्जुहोति वाचं मयि जुहॊम्यसौ स्वाहा । चक्षुस्ते मयि जुहोम्यसौ स्वाहा । श्रॊत्रं ते मयि जुहॊम्यसौ स्वाहा । मनस्ते मयि जुहॊम्यसौ स्वाहा । प्रज्ञां ते मयि जुहोम्यसौ स्वाहेत्यथ धूमगन्धं प्रजिघ्रायाज्यलेपेनाङ्गान्यनुविमृज्य वाचंयमोऽभिप्रवृज्य संस्पर्शं जिगमिषेदपि वाताद्वा सम्भाषमाणस्तिष्ठेत्प्रियो हैव भवति स्मरन्ति हैवास्य
Now, as for the divine remembrance: when someone dear wishes to remember, or for whom this is done, on any one of the festival days, having kindled the fire and performed these same oblations with clarified butter: 'I offer your speech into me, this one, svaha.' 'I offer your sight into me, this one, svaha.' 'I offer your hearing into me, this one, svaha.' 'I offer your mind into me, this one, svaha.' 'I offer your intelligence into me, this one, svaha.' Then, having smelled the scent of smoke, and having anointed his limbs with ghee, having restrained his speech, he should seek contact, or, if not, remain silent even if spoken to by the wind. He surely becomes dear; they surely remember him.
अथातः सायमन्नं प्रातर्दनमान्तरमग्निहोत्रमिति चाचक्षते यावद्वै पुरुषो भाषते न तावत्प्राणितुं शक्नोति प्राणं तदा वाचि जुहोति । यावद्वै पुरुषः प्राणिति न तावद्भाषितुं शक्नोति वाचं तदा प्राणे जुहोति । एतेऽनन्तेऽमृताहुतिर्जाग्रच्च स्वपंश्च सन्ततमव्यवच्छिन्नं जुहोत्यथ या अन्या आहुतयोऽन्तवत्यस्ताः कर्ममय्यो हि भवन्त्येतद्ध वै पूर्वे विद्वांसोऽग्निहोत्रं न जुहवांचक्रुः
Now, as for the evening and morning meal, this is called the intermediate Agnihotra. As long as a person speaks, he cannot breathe; then, he offers breath into speech. As long as a person breathes, he cannot speak; then, he offers speech into breath. These are the endless, immortal oblations, offered continually, both waking and sleeping, without interruption. The other oblations, which have an end, are indeed made of action. Therefore, the ancient wise men did not perform the Agnihotra with those.
उक्थं ब्रह्मेति ह स्माह शुष्कभृङ्गरस्तदृगित्युपासीत सर्वाणि हास्मै भूतानि श्रैष्ठ्यायाभ्यर्च्यन्ते तद्यजुरित्युपासीत सर्वाणि हास्मै भूतानि श्रैष्ठ्याय युज्यन्ते तत्सामेत्युपासीत सर्वाणि हास्मै भूतानि श्रैष्ठ्याय सन्नमन्ते तच्छ्रीरित्युपासीत तद्यश इत्युपासीत तत्तेज इत्युपासीत तद्यथैतच्छास्त्राणां श्रीमत्तमं यशस्वितमं तेजस्वितमं भवति । तथैवैवं विद्वान्सर्वेषां भूतानां श्रीमत्तमो यशस्वितमस्तेजस्वितमो भवति । तमेतमैष्टकं कर्ममयमात्मानमध्वर्युः संस्करोति तस्मिन्यजुर्मयं प्रवयति यजुर्मयम् ऋङ्मयं होता ऋङ्मये साममयमुद्गाता स एष सर्वस्यै त्रयीविद्याया आत्मैष उ एवास्यात्मा एतदात्मा भवति य एवं वेद
Śuṣkabhṛṅgara said: 'The hymn is Brahman.' One should meditate on it as the Ṛc. All beings honor him for excellence. One should meditate on it as the Yajus. All beings unite with him for excellence. One should meditate on it as the Sāman. All beings bow to him for excellence. One should meditate on it as prosperity, as fame, as brilliance. Just as among the scriptures, the most prosperous, most renowned, most brilliant is produced, so indeed, one who knows thus becomes the most prosperous, most renowned, most brilliant among all beings. The sacrificer shapes his own self as this brick made of action; in it, he weaves the Yajus, the Hotṛ weaves the Ṛc, the Udgātṛ weaves the Sāman. This is the self of all the threefold knowledge; this is its very self. Whoever knows thus, becomes that self.
अथातः सर्वजितः कौषीतकेस्त्रीण्युपासनानि भवन्ति यज्ञोपवीतं कृत्वाप आचम्य त्रिरुदपात्रं प्रसिच्योद्यन्तमादित्यमुपतिष्ठेत वर्गोऽसि पाप्मानं मे वृङ्धीत्येतयैवावृता मध्ये सन्तमुद्वर्गोऽसि पाप्मानं मे वृङ्धीत्येतयैवावृताऽस्तं यन्तं संवर्गोऽसि पाप्मानं मे संवृङ्धीति । यदहोरात्राभ्यां पापं करोति सं तद्वृङ्क्ते
Now, as for the all-conquering: there are three meditations of the Kauṣītaki. Having put on the sacred thread and sipped water, having sprinkled water three times with an unbaked vessel, one should meditate on the rising sun: 'You are radiance; remove my sin.' With this same formula, one should meditate on the sun at midday: 'You are the up-radiance; remove my sin.' With this same formula, one should meditate on the setting sun: 'You are the down-radiance; remove my sin.' Whatever sin he commits by day and night, that is removed.
अथ मासि मास्यमावास्यायां पश्चाच्चन्द्रमसं दृश्यमानमुपतिष्ठेतैतयैवावृता हरिततृणाभ्यां वाक्प्रत्यस्यति यत्ते सुसीमं हृदयमधि चन्द्रमसि श्रितं तेनामृतत्वस्येशानं माहं पौत्रमघं रुदमिति न हास्मात्पूर्वाः प्रजाः प्रयन्तीति नु जातपुत्रस्याथाजातपुत्रस्याप्यायस्व समेतु ते सन्ते पयांसि समुयन्तु वाजा यमादित्या अंशुमाप्याययन्तीत्येतास्तिस्र ऋचो जपित्वा मास्माकं प्राणेन प्रजया पशुभिराप्याययिष्ठा यॊऽस्मान्द्वेष्टि यं च वयं द्विष्मस्तस्य प्राणेन प्रजया पशुभिराप्यायस्वेति दैवीमावृतमावर्त आदित्यस्यावृतमन्वावर्तयति दक्षिणं बाहुमन्वावर्तते
Now, in the month, on the new moon, one should meditate on the moon seen in the west, and, with this same formula, cast two green blades of grass, saying: 'What is pure in your heart, O moon, let that, which is established in the moon, make me lord of immortality. May I not weep for the sin of a son.' Therefore, the ancestors do not depart before him. Whether he has a son or not, 'Increase, may your milk gather, may the waters and riches come together for you. May the Adityas, with their rays, increase you.' Reciting these three verses, he should say, 'May you increase us with breath, offspring, and cattle. Whoever hates us, and whom we hate, may you increase him with breath, offspring, and cattle.' This is the divine formula, the turning of the sun's radiance, the turning of the right arm.
अथ पौर्णमास्यां पुरस्ताच्चन्द्रमसं दृश्यमानमुपतिष्ठेतैतयैवावृता सोमो राजासि विचकक्षणः पञ्चमुखोऽसि प्रजापतिर्ब्राह्मणस्त एकं मुखं तेन मुखेन राज्ञोऽत्सि तेन मुखेन मामन्नादं कुरु राजा त एकं मुखं तेन मुखेन विशोत्सि तेनैव मुखेन मामन्नादं कुरु श्येनस्त एकं मुखं तेन मुखेन पक्षिणोऽत्सि तेन मुखेन मामन्नादं कुरु अग्निष्ट एकं मुखं तेन मुखेनेमं लोकमत्सि तेन मुखेन मामन्नादं कुरु त्वयि पञ्चमं मुखं तेन मुखेन सर्वाणि भूतान्यत्सि तेन मुखेन मामन्नादं कुरु मास्माकं प्राणेन प्रजया पशुभिरवक्षेष्ठा योऽस्माद्वेष्टि यं च वयं द्विष्मस्तस्य प्राणेन प्रजया पशुभिरवक्षीयस्वेति दैवीमावृतमावर्त आदित्यस्यावृतमन्वावर्तन्त इति दक्षिणं बाहुमन्वावर्तते
Now, on the full moon, one should meditate on the moon seen in the east, and, with this same formula: 'You are Soma, the king, the wise one, the five-faced one. You are Prajapati, the Brahmana; with one face you eat the king, with that face do not consume me. You are the king; with one face you eat the people, with that face do not consume me. You are the eagle; with one face you eat the birds, with that face do not consume me. You are Agni; with one face you eat this world, with that face do not consume me. In you is the fifth face; with that face you eat all beings, with that face do not consume me. May you not diminish us in breath, offspring, or cattle. Whoever hates us, and whom we hate, may you diminish him in breath, offspring, and cattle.' This is the divine formula, the turning of the sun's radiance, the turning of the right arm.
अथ संवेशञ्जायायै हृदयमभिमृशेद्यत्ते सुसीमे हृदये हितमन्तः प्रजापतौ मन्येऽहं मां तद्विद्वांसं तेन माहं पौत्रमघं रुदमिति न हास्मत्पूर्वाः प्रजाः प्रैतीति
Now, when entering the bedchamber, one should touch the heart of his wife, saying: 'What is pure, placed in your heart, O beloved, may I, knowing that, not weep for the sin of a son. May the ancestors not depart before us.'
अथ प्रोष्यान्पुत्रस्य मूर्धानमभिमृशेत् । अङ्गादङ्गात्सम्भवसि हृदयादधिजायसे । आत्मा त्वं पुत्र माविथ स जीव शरदः शतमसाविति नामास्य गृह्णाति । अश्मा भव परशुर्भव हिरण्यमस्तृतं भव । तेजो वै पुत्रनामासि स जीव शरदः शतमसाविति नामास्य गृह्णाति। येन प्रजापतिः प्रजाः पर्यगृह्णादरिष्ट्यै तेन त्वा परिगृह्णाम्यसाविति नामास्य गृह्णात्यथास्य दक्षिणे कर्णे जपत्यस्मै प्रयन्धि मघवन्नृजीषिन्नितीन्द्र श्रेष्ठानि द्रविणानि धेहीति सव्ये मा च्छित्था मा व्यथिष्ठाः शतं शरद आयुषो जीव पुत्र । ते नाम्ना मूर्धानमभिजिघ्राम्यसाविति त्रिर्मूर्धानमवजिघ्रेद्गवां त्वा हिङ्कारेणाभिहिङ्करोमीति त्रिर्मूर्धानमभिहिङ्कुर्यात्
Now, when returning from a journey, one should touch the head of his son, saying: 'From limb to limb you are born, from the heart you are produced. You are my self, O son, do not perish. Live a hundred autumns.' Thus he gives him a name. 'Be firm as a stone, be sharp as an axe, be gold not pierced. You are named Tejas, O son, live a hundred autumns.' Thus he gives him a name. 'With that by which Prajapati embraced the creatures for safety, with that I embrace you for safety.' Thus he gives him a name. Then, in his right ear, he recites: 'Bestow upon him, O Maghavan, the best riches, O Indra.' On the left, 'Do not abandon, do not tremble. Live a hundred autumns, O son.' Then, with the name, he smells the crown of his head, saying, 'I smell you with the sound of cows.' He should smell the crown of his head three times, and three times make the sound of cows.
अथातो दैवः परिमर एतद्वै ब्रह्म दीप्यते यदग्निर्ज्वलत्यथैतन्म्रियते यन्न ज्वलति तस्यादित्यमेव तेजो गच्छति वायुं प्राण एतद्वै ब्रह्म दीप्यते यथादित्यो दृश्यतेऽथैतन्म्रियते यन्न दृश्यते तस्य चन्द्रमसमेव तेजो गचछति वायुं प्राण एतद्वै ब्रह्म दीप्यते यच्चन्द्रमा दृश्यते । अथैतन्म्रियते यन्न दृश्यते तस्य विद्युतमेव तेजो गच्छति वायुं प्राण एतद्वै ब्रह्म दीप्यते यद्विद्युद्विद्योततेऽथैतन्म्रियते यन्न विद्योतते तस्य वायुमेव तेजो गच्छति वायुं प्राणः । ता वा एताः सर्वा देवता वायुमेव प्रविश्य वायौ मृता न मृच्छन्ते तस्मादेव उ पुनरुदीरत इत्यधिदैवतमथाध्यात्मम्
Now, therefore, the divine dissolution: This indeed is Brahman shining forth—when fire burns. Then, when it ceases to burn, its radiance goes to the sun, its breath to the wind. This indeed is Brahman shining forth—when the sun is visible. Then, when it is not visible, its radiance goes to the moon, its breath to the wind. This indeed is Brahman shining forth—when the moon is visible. Then, when it is not visible, its radiance goes to lightning, its breath to the wind. This indeed is Brahman shining forth—when lightning flashes. Then, when it does not flash, its radiance goes to the wind, its breath to the wind. All these deities enter into the wind; having died in the wind, they do not perish. Therefore, they rise again. Thus is the explanation concerning the deities; now, concerning the self.
एतद्वै ब्रह्म दीप्यते यद्वाचा वदत्यथैतन्म्रियते यन्न वदति तस्य चक्षुरेव तेजो गच्छति प्राणं प्राण एतद्वै ब्रह्म दीप्यते यच्चक्षुषा पश्यत्यथैतन्म्रियते यन्न पश्यति तस्य श्रोत्रमेव तेजो गच्छति प्राणं प्राण एतद्वै ब्रह्म दीप्यते यच्छ्रोत्रेण शृणोत्यथैतन्म्रियते यन्न शृणोति तस्य मन एव तेजो गच्छति प्राण एतद्वै ब्रह्म दीप्यते यन्मनसा ध्यायत्यथैतन्म्रियते यन्न ध्यायति तस्य प्राणमेव तेजो गच्छति प्राणं प्राणस्तावा एताः सर्वा देवताः प्राणमेव प्रविश्य प्राणे मृता न मृच्छन्ते तस्मा देव उ पुनरुदीरते तद्यदिह वा एवं विद्वांस उभौ पर्वतावभिप्रवर्तेयातां तुस्तूर्षमाणो दक्षिणश्चोत्तरश्च न हैवैनं स्तृण्वीयाताम् । अथ य एनं द्विषन्ति यांश्च स्वयं द्वेष्टि त एनं सर्वे परिम्रियन्ते
This indeed is Brahman shining forth—when one speaks with speech. Then, when speech ceases, its radiance goes to the eye, its breath to the breath. This indeed is Brahman shining forth—when one sees with the eye. Then, when sight ceases, its radiance goes to the ear, its breath to the breath. This indeed is Brahman shining forth—when one hears with the ear. Then, when hearing ceases, its radiance goes to the mind, its breath to the breath. This indeed is Brahman shining forth—when one contemplates with the mind. Then, when contemplation ceases, its radiance goes to the breath, its breath to the breath. All these deities enter into the breath; having died in the breath, they do not perish. Therefore, they rise again. If, knowing thus, two wise men should approach both mountains, one from the south and one from the north, neither would be able to overcome him. But those who hate him, and whom he himself hates, all perish.
अथातो निःश्रेयसादानं सर्वा ह वै देवता अहं श्रेयसे विवदमानाः । अस्माच्छरीरादुच्चक्रमुस्तद्दारुभूतं शिष्येथैतद्वाक्प्रविवेश तद्वाचा वदच्छिष्य एव । अथैतच्चक्षुः प्रविवेश तद्वाचा वदच्चक्षुषा पश्यच्छिष्य एवाथैनच्छ्रोत्रं प्रविवेश तद्वाचा वदच्चक्षुषा पश्यच्छ्रोत्रेण शृण्वच्छिष्य एवाथैनन्मनः प्रविवेश तद्वाचा वदच्चक्षुषा पश्यच्छ्रोत्रेण शृण्वन्मनसा ध्यायच्छिष्य एवाथैतत्प्राणः प्रविवेश तत्तत एव समुत्तस्थौ ते देवाः प्राणे निःश्रेयसं विचिन्त्य प्राणमेव प्रज्ञात्मानमभिसम्भूय सहैतैः सर्वैरस्माल्लोकादुच्चक्रमुः । ते वायु-प्रतिष्ठाकाशात्मानः स्वर्ययुस्तथॊ एवैवं विद्वान्सर्वेषां भूतानां प्राणमेव प्रज्ञात्मानमभिसम्भूय सहैतैः सर्वैरस्माच्छरीरादुत्क्रामति स वायुप्रतिष्ठाकाशात्मा न स्वरेति तद्भवति यत्रैतद्देवास्तत्प्राप्य तदमृतो भवतियदमृता देवाः
Now, the attainment of the highest: All the deities, contending for supremacy, departed from this body and remained as if lifeless. Speech entered, and by speech he spoke, yet remained lifeless. Sight entered, and by speech he spoke, by sight he saw, yet remained lifeless. Hearing entered, and by speech he spoke, by sight he saw, by hearing he heard, yet remained lifeless. Mind entered, and by speech he spoke, by sight he saw, by hearing he heard, by mind he contemplated, yet remained lifeless. Breath entered, and from there he arose. The gods, reflecting on the highest in breath, united with breath as the self of wisdom, and together with all departed from this world. They, having wind as their foundation and space as their essence, attained heaven. Thus, one who knows thus, uniting with breath as the self of wisdom, together with all beings, departs from this body. He, having wind as his foundation and space as his essence, attains heaven. When the gods reach that, they become immortal; thus, the gods are immortal.
अथातः पितापुत्रीयं सम्प्रदानमिति चाचक्षते । पिता पुत्रं प्रेष्यन्नाह्वयति नवैस्तृणैरगारं संस्तीर्याग्निमुपसमाधायोदकुम्भं सपात्रमुपनिधायाहतेन वाससा सम्प्रच्छन्नः स्वयं श्येत एत्य पुत्र उपरिषटादभिनिपद्यते, इन्द्रियैरस्येन्द्रियाणि संस्पृश्यापि वास्याभिमुखत एवासीताथास्मै संप्रयच्छति वाचं मे त्वयि दधानीति पिता वाचं ते मयि दध इति पुत्रः प्राणं मे त्वयि दधानीति पिता प्राणं ते मयि दध इति पुत्रः । चक्षुर्मे त्वयि दधानीति पिता चक्षुस्ते मयि दध इति पुत्रः । श्रोत्रं मे त्वयि दधानीति पिता श्रोत्रं ते मयि दध इति पुत्रः । मनो मे त्वयि दधानीति पिता मनस्ते मयि दध इति पुत्रः । अन्नरसान्मे त्वयि दधानीति पितान्नरसांस्ते मयि दध इति पुत्रः । कर्माणि मे त्वयि दधानीति पिता कर्माणि ते मयि दध इति पुत्रः । सुखदुःखे मे त्वयि दधानीति पिता सुखदुःखे ते मयि दध इति पुत्रः । आनन्दं रतिं प्रजातिं मे त्वयि दधानीति पिता आनन्दं रतिं प्रजातिं ते मयि दध इति पुत्रः । इत्या मे त्वयि दधानीति पिता इत्या ते मयि दध इति पुत्रः । धियो विज्ञातव्यं कामान्मे त्वयि दधानीति पिता धियो विज्ञातव्यं कामांस्ते मयि दध इति पुत्रः । अथ दक्षिणावुत्प्राङुपनिष्क्रामति तं पितानुमन्त्रयते यशो ब्रह्मवर्चसमन्नाद्यं कीर्तिस्त्वा जुषतामित्यथेतरः सव्यमंसमन्ववेक्षते पाणिनान्तर्धाय वसनान्तेन वा प्रच्छाद्य स्वर्गांल्लोकान्कामानवाप्नुहीति स यद्यगदः स्यात्पुत्रस्यैश्वर्ये पिता वसेत्परि वा व्रजेद्यद्यु वै प्रेयाद्यदेवैनं समापयति तथा समापयितव्यो भवति तथा समापयितव्यो भवति
प्रतर्दनो ह दैवोदासिरिन्द्रस्य प्रियं धामोपजगाम । युद्धेन च पौरुषेण च तं हेन्द्र उवाच । प्रतर्दन वरं ते ददानीति स होवाच प्रतर्दनः । त्वमेव मे वृणीष्व यं त्वं मनुष्याय हिततमं मन्यस इति तं हेन्द्र उवाच । न वै वरोऽवरस्मै वृणीते त्वमेव वृणीष्वेत्येवमरो वै किल म इति होवाच प्रतर्दनोऽथो खल्विन्द्रः सत्यादेव नेयाय । सत्यं हीन्द्रः स होवाच । मामेव विजानीह्येतदेवाहं मनुष्याय हिततमं मन्ये । यन्मां विजानीयात् । त्रिशीर्षाणं त्वाष्ट्रमहनमवाङ्मुखान्यतीन्सालावृकेभ्यः प्रायच्छं बह्वीः सन्धा अतिक्रम्य दिवि प्रह्लादीयानतृणमहमन्तरिक्षे पौलोमान्पृथिव्यां कालखाञ्जान् । तस्य मे तत्र न लोम च मामीयते । स यो मां विजानीयान्नास्य केन च कर्मणा लोको मीयते । न मातृवधेन न पितृवधेन न स्तेयेन न भ्रूणहत्यया नास्य पापं च न चकृषो मुखान्नीलं वेत्तीति
Pratardana, son of Divodāsa, approached Indra's beloved abode. Through battle and valor, Indra said to him: 'Pratardana, I grant you a boon.' Pratardana replied: 'You choose for me what you consider most beneficial for a human.' Indra said: 'A boon is not chosen for another; you must choose yourself.' Pratardana replied: 'Then, let me be immortal.' Indra, indeed, is to be approached through truth, for Indra is truth. He said: 'Know me; this is what I consider most beneficial for a human: to know me. I sent the three-headed Tvaṣṭra demon, with his face turned down, to the Sālāvrikas. I overcame many obstacles, and in heaven I defeated the Prahlādiyas; in the atmosphere, the Paulomas; on earth, the Kālakhañjas. In all these, not a single hair of mine was harmed. Whoever knows me, no action causes him to perish; not by killing mother or father, not by theft, not by abortion, nor does any sin touch him. He does not see blue from his mouth.'
स होवाच प्राणोऽस्मि प्रज्ञात्मा तं मामायुरमृतमित्युपास्व | आयुः प्राणः प्राणो वा आयुः प्राण एवाचामृतम् । यावद्ध्यस्मिञ्छरीरे प्राणो वसति तावदायुः । प्राणेन ह्येवामुष्मिंल्लोकेऽमृतत्वमाप्नोति । प्रज्ञया सत्यसङ्कल्पं स यो ममायुरमृतमित्युपास्ते सर्वमायुरस्मिंल्लोक एति । आप्नोत्यमृतत्वमक्षितिं स्वर्गे लोके । तद्धैक आहुरेकभूयं वै प्राणा गच्छन्तीति । न हि कश्चन शक्नुयात्सकृद्वाचा नाम प्रज्ञापयितुं चक्षुषा रूपं श्रोत्रेण शब्दं मनसा ध्यानमित्येकभूयं वै प्राणाः । एकैकमेतानि सर्वाण्येव प्रज्ञापयन्ति । वाचं वदन्ती सर्वे प्राणा अनुवदन्ति । चक्षुः पश्यत्सर्वे प्राणा अनुपश्यन्ति श्रोत्रं शृण्वत्सर्वे प्राणा अनुशृण्वन्ति मनो ध्यायत्सर्वे प्राणा अनुध्यायन्ति प्राणं प्राणन्तं सर्वे प्राणा अनुप्राणन्तीति । एवमुहैवैतदिति हेन्द्र उवाच । अस्तीत्येव प्राणानां निःश्रेयसादानमिति
He said: 'I am the breath, the self of wisdom. Worship me as life and immortality.' Life is breath; breath is life; breath alone is immortality. As long as breath dwells in this body, so long is life. Through breath alone, one attains immortality in that world. Through wisdom, one becomes steadfast in truth. Whoever worships me as life and immortality attains all life in this world, attains immortality and permanence in the heavenly world. Some say, 'The breaths go separately.' But no one can teach all names at once with speech, all forms with sight, all sounds with hearing, all thoughts with mind. The breaths are indeed united; each reveals all these. Speech speaks, and all breaths echo it. Sight sees, and all breaths see with it. Hearing hears, and all breaths hear with it. Mind contemplates, and all breaths contemplate with it. Breath breathes, and all breaths breathe with it. Thus, it is so,' said Indra. 'Thus is the attainment of the highest by the breaths.'
जीवति वागपेतो मूकान्हि पश्यामो जीवति चक्षुरपेतोऽन्धान्हि पश्यामो जीवति श्रोत्रापेतो बधिरान्हि पश्यामो जीवति मनोपेतो बालान्हि पश्यामो जीवति बाहुच्छिन्नो जीवत्यूरुच्छिन्न इति । एवं हि पश्याम इति । अथ खलु प्राण एव प्रज्ञात्मेदं शरीरं परिगृह्योतथापयति । तस्मादेतदेवोऽथमुपासीत । यो वै प्राणः सा प्रज्ञा या वा प्रज्ञा स प्राणः । सह ह्येतावस्मिञ्छरीरे वसतः सहोत्क्रामतस्तस्यैषैव दृष्टिः । एतद्विज्ञानम् । यत्रैतत्पुरुषः सुप्तः स्वप्नं न कञ्चन पश्यत्यथास्मिन्प्राण एवैकधा भवति । तदैनं वाक्सर्वैर्नामभिः सहाप्येति चक्षुः सर्वै रूपैः सहाप्येति श्रोत्रं सर्वैः शब्दैः सहाप्येति मनः सर्वैर्ध्यातैः सहाप्येति । स यदा प्रतिबुध्यते यथाग्नेर्ज्वलतो सर्वा दिशॊ विस्फुलिङ्गा विप्रतिष्ठेरन्नेवमेवैतस्मादात्मनः प्राणा यथायतनं विप्रतिष्ठन्ते प्राणेभ्यो देवा देवेभ्यो लोकाः । तस्यैषैव सिद्धिरेतद्विज्ञानम् । यत्रैतत्पुरुष आर्तो मरिष्यन्नाबल्यं न्येत्य मोहं नैति तदाहुः । उदक्रमीच्चित्तम् । न शृणोति न पश्यति वाचा वदति न ध्यायत्यथास्मिन्प्राण एवैकधा भवति तदैनं वाक्सर्वैर्नामभिः सहाप्येति चक्षुः सर्वै रूपैः सहाप्येति श्रोत्रं सर्वैः शब्दैः सहाप्येति मनः सर्वैर्ध्यातैः सहाप्येति स यदा प्रतिबुध्यते यथाग्नेर्ज्वलतो विस्फुलिङ्गा विप्रतिष्ठेरन्नेवमेवैतस्मादात्मनः प्राणा यथायतनं विप्रतिष्ठन्ते प्राणेभ्यो देवा देवेभ्यो लोकाः
स यदास्माच्छरीरादुत्क्रामति सहैवैतैः सर्वैरुत्क्रामति वागस्मात्सर्वाणि नामान्यभिविसृजते सृजते । वाचा सर्वाणि नामान्याप्नोति प्राणोऽस्मात्सर्वान्गन्धानभिविसृजते प्राणेन सर्वान्गन्धानाप्नोति चक्षुरस्मात्सर्वाणि रूपाण्यभिविसृजते चक्षुषा सर्वाणि रूपाण्याप्नोति श्रोत्रमस्मात्सर्वाञ्च्छब्दानभिविसृजते श्रोत्रेण सर्वाञ्च्छब्दानाप्नोति मनोऽस्मात्सर्वाणि ध्यातान्यभिविसृजते मनसा सर्वाणि ध्यातान्याप्नोति सैषा प्राणे सर्वाप्तिः । यो वै प्राणः सा प्रज्ञा या वा प्रज्ञा स प्राणः स ह ह्येतावस्मिञ्च्छरीरे वसतः सहोत्क्रामतः । अथ खलु यथाऽस्यै प्रज्ञायै सर्वाणि भूतान्येकं भवन्ति तद्व्याख्यास्यामः
When he departs from this body, he departs together with all these. With speech, he sends forth all names; by speech, he attains all names. With breath, he sends forth all scents; by breath, he attains all scents. With sight, he sends forth all forms; by sight, he attains all forms. With hearing, he sends forth all sounds; by hearing, he attains all sounds. With mind, he sends forth all thoughts; by mind, he attains all thoughts. Thus, in breath is the attainment of all. Breath is wisdom, wisdom is breath. Together they dwell in this body, together they depart. Now, as all beings become one in wisdom, let us explain that.
वागेवास्या एकमङ्गमुदूढं तस्यै नाम परस्तात्प्रतिविहिता भूतमात्रा । घ्राणमेवास्या एकमङ्गमुदूढं तस्य गन्धः परस्तात्प्रतिविहिता भूतमात्रा चक्षुरेवास्या एकमङ्गमुदूढं तस्य रूपं परस्तात्प्रतिविहिता भूतमात्रा श्रोत्रमेवास्या एकमङ्गमुदूढं तस्य शब्दः परस्तात्प्रतिविहिता भूतमात्रा जिह्वैवास्या एकमङ्गमुदूढं तस्यान्नरसः परस्तात्प्रतिविहिता भूतमात्रा हस्तावेवास्या एकमङ्गमुदूढं तयोः कर्म परस्तात्प्रतिविहिता भूतमात्रा शरीरमेवास्या एकमङ्गमुदूढं तस्य सुखदुःखे परस्तात्प्रतिविहिता भूतमात्रा उपस्थ एवास्या एकमङ्गमुदूढं तस्यानन्दो रतिः प्रजातिः परस्तात्प्रतिविहिता भूतमात्रा पादावेवास्या एकमङ्गमुदूढं तयोरित्या परस्तात्प्रतिविहिता भूतमात्रा प्रज्ञैवास्या एकमङ्गमुदूढं तस्यै धियो विज्ञातव्यं कामाः परस्तात्प्रतिविहिता भूतमात्रा
Speech is the single limb of wisdom; its name is the elemental principle established beyond. The nose is the single limb of wisdom; its scent is the elemental principle established beyond. The eye is the single limb of wisdom; its form is the elemental principle established beyond. The ear is the single limb of wisdom; its sound is the elemental principle established beyond. The tongue is the single limb of wisdom; its essence of food is the elemental principle established beyond. The hands are the single limb of wisdom; their action is the elemental principle established beyond. The body is the single limb of wisdom; its pleasure and pain are the elemental principle established beyond. The sexual organ is the single limb of wisdom; its bliss, delight, and offspring are the elemental principle established beyond. The feet are the single limb of wisdom; their movement is the elemental principle established beyond. Wisdom itself is the single limb; its intelligence, discernment, and desires are the elemental principle established beyond.
प्रज्ञया वाचं समारुह्य वाचा सर्वाणि सामान्याप्नोति । प्रज्ञया प्राणं समारुह्य प्राणेन सर्वान्गन्धानाप्नोति प्रज्ञया चक्षुः समारुह्य चक्षुषा सर्वाणि रूपाण्याप्नोति प्रज्ञया श्रोत्रं समारुह्य श्रोत्रेण सर्वाञ्च्छब्दानाप्नोति प्रज्ञया जिह्वां समारुह्य जिह्वया सर्वानन्नरसानाप्नोति प्रज्ञया हस्तौ समारुह्य हस्ताभ्यां सर्वाणि कर्माण्याप्नोति प्रज्ञया शरीरं समारुह्य शरीरेण सुखदुःखे आप्नोति प्रज्ञयोपस्थं समारुह्योपस्थेनानन्दं रतिं प्रज्ञामाप्नोति प्रज्ञया पादौ समारुह्य पादाभ्यां सर्वा इत्या आप्नोति प्रज्ञयैव धियं समारुह्य प्रज्ञयैव धियो विज्ञातव्यं कामानाप्नोति
By wisdom, one ascends speech; through speech, one attains all names. By wisdom, one ascends breath; through breath, one attains all scents. By wisdom, one ascends sight; through sight, one attains all forms. By wisdom, one ascends hearing; through hearing, one attains all sounds. By wisdom, one ascends the tongue; through the tongue, one attains all essences of food. By wisdom, one ascends the hands; through the hands, one attains all actions. By wisdom, one ascends the body; through the body, one attains pleasure and pain. By wisdom, one ascends the sexual organ; through it, one attains bliss, delight, and offspring. By wisdom, one ascends the feet; through the feet, one attains all movement. By wisdom alone, one ascends intelligence; by wisdom alone, one attains intelligence, discernment, and desires.
न हि प्रज्ञापेता वाङ्नाम किञ्चन प्रज्ञपयेदन्यत्र मे मनोऽभूदित्याह । नाहमेतन्नाम प्राज्ञासिषमिति । न हि प्रज्ञापेतः प्राणो गन्धं कञ्चन प्रज्ञपयेदन्यत्र मे मनोऽभूदित्याह नाहमेतं गन्धं प्राज्ञासिषमिति । न हि प्रज्ञापेतं चक्षू रूपं किञ्चन प्रज्ञपयेदन्यत्र मे मनोऽभूदित्याह । नाहमेतद्रूपं प्राज्ञासिषमिति न प्रज्ञापेतं श्रोत्रं शब्दं कञ्चन प्रज्ञपयेदन्यत्र मे मनोऽभूदित्याह । नाहमेतं शब्दं प्राज्ञासिषमिति न हि प्रज्ञापेता जिह्वान्नरसं कञ्चन प्रज्ञपयेदन्यत्र मे मनोऽभूदित्याह । नाहमेतमन्नरसं प्राज्ञासिषमिति न प्रज्ञापेतौ हतौ कर्म किञ्चन प्रज्ञपयेतामन्यत्र मे मनोऽभूदित्याह नाहमेतत्कर्म प्राज्ञासिषमिति न हि प्रज्ञापेतं शरीरं सुखदुःखं किञ्चन प्रज्ञपयेदन्यत्र मे मनोऽभूदित्याह नाहमेतत्सुखदुःखं प्राज्ञासिषमिति न हि प्रज्ञापेत उपस्थ आनन्दं रतिं प्रजातिं काञ्चन प्रज्ञपयेदन्यत्र मे मनोऽभूदित्याह । नाहमेतमानन्दं न रतिं प्रजातिं प्राज्ञासिषमिति न हि प्रज्ञापेतौ पादावित्यां काञ्चन प्रज्ञापयेतामन्यत्र मे मनोऽभूदित्याह । नाहमेतामित्यां प्राज्ञसिषमिति न हि प्रज्ञापेता धीः काचन सिद्ध्येन्न प्रज्ञातव्यं प्रज्ञायेत्
न वाचं विजिज्ञासीत वक्तारं विद्यान्न गन्धं विजिज्ञासीत घ्रातारं विद्यान्न रूपं विजिज्ञासीत रूपविद्यं विद्यान्न शब्दं विजिज्ञासीत श्रोतारं विद्यान्नान्नरसं विजिज्ञासीतान्नरसविज्ञातारं विद्यान्न कर्म विजिज्ञासीत कर्तारं विद्यान्न सुखदुःखे विजिज्ञासीत सुखदुःखयोर्विज्ञातारं विद्यान्नानन्दं न रतिं न प्रजातिं विजिज्ञासीतानन्दस्य रतेः प्रजातेर्विज्ञातारं विद्यान्नेत्यां विजिज्ञासीतैतारं विद्यात् । न मनो विजिज्ञासीत मन्तारं विद्यात् । ता वा एता दशैव भूतमात्रा अधिप्रज्ञं दश प्रज्ञामात्रा अधिभूतं यद्धि भूतमात्रा न स्युर्न प्रज्ञामात्राः स्युर्यद्वा प्रज्ञामात्रा न स्युर्न भूतमात्राः स्युः
One should not seek to know speech, but should know the speaker; one should not seek to know scent, but should know the smeller; one should not seek to know form, but should know the seer; one should not seek to know sound, but should know the hearer; one should not seek to know the essence of food, but should know the knower of the essence; one should not seek to know action, but should know the doer; one should not seek to know pleasure and pain, but should know the knower of pleasure and pain; one should not seek to know bliss, delight, or offspring, but should know the knower of bliss, delight, and offspring; one should not seek to know movement, but should know the knower of movement; one should not seek to know mind, but should know the thinker. These ten elemental principles are governed by wisdom; the ten wisdom principles are governed by the elements. If the elemental principles did not exist, the wisdom principles would not exist; if the wisdom principles did not exist, the elemental principles would not exist.
न ह्यन्यतरतो रूपं किञ्चन सिद्ध्येन्नो एतन्नाना तद्यथा रथस्यारेषु नेमिरर्पिता नाभावरा अर्पिता एवमेवैता भूतमात्राः प्रज्ञामात्रास्वर्पिताः प्रज्ञामात्राः प्राणेऽर्पिताः स एष प्राण एव प्रज्ञात्मानन्दोऽजरोऽमृतः । न साधुना कर्मणा भूयान्नो एवासाधुना कनीयान् । एष ह्येवैनं साधुकर्म कारयति तं यमेभ्यो लोकेभ्यो उन्निनीषत एष उ एवैनमसाधु कर्म कारयति तं यमधो निनीषते । एष लोकपाल एष लोकाधिपतिरेष सर्वेश्वरः स म आत्मेति विद्यात्स म आत्मेति विद्यात्
No form arises from either alone; this is not different. Just as the rim of a wheel is fixed on the spokes, and the hub is fixed on the rim, so the elemental principles are fixed on the wisdom principles, and the wisdom principles are fixed on breath. This breath is the self of wisdom, blissful, ageless, immortal. By good deeds, one does not become greater; by evil deeds, one does not become lesser. This alone causes one to perform good deeds and leads him upward from these worlds; this alone causes one to perform evil deeds and leads him downward. This is the guardian of the worlds, the lord of the worlds, the ruler of all. Let one know: 'This is my self.' Let one know: 'This is my self.'
अथ गार्ग्यो ह वै बालाकिरनूचानः संस्पृष्ट आस सोऽयमुशिनरेषु संवसन्मत्स्येषु कुरुपञ्चालेषु काशीविदेहेष्विति सहाजातशत्रुं काश्यमेत्योवाच । ब्रह्म ते ब्रवाणीति तं होवाच अजातशत्रुः । सहस्रं दद्मस्त इत्येतस्यां वाचि जनको जनक इति वा उ जना धावन्तीति
Then Gārgya, son of Bālākira, a student, was touched. He lived among the Uśinaras, among the Matsyas, among the Kurus and Pañcālas, among the Kāśis and Videhas. He went to Ajātaśatru, king of Kāśi, and said: 'I will teach you Brahman.' Ajātaśatru replied: 'I give you a thousand.' In this speech, Janaka is called Janaka, and people run after him.
स होवाच बालाकिर्य एवैष आदित्ये पुरुषस्तमेवाहमुपास इति तं होवाचाजातशत्रुर्मा मैतस्मिन्समवादयिष्ठाः । बृहत्पाण्डरवासा अतिष्ठाः सर्वेषां भूतानां मूर्धेति वा अहमेतमुपास इति स यो हैतमेवमुपास्तेऽतिष्ठाः सर्वेषां भूतानां मूर्धा भवति
He said: 'Bālākirya, this is the person in the sun; I worship him.' Ajātaśatru replied: 'Do not worship him in this way. He stands with a bright white garment on the heads of all beings. I worship him thus. Whoever worships him thus stands as the head of all beings.'
स होवाचा बालाकिर्य एवैष चन्द्रमसि पुरुषस्तमेवाहमुपास इति तं होवाचाजातशत्रुर्मा मैतस्मिन्समवादयिष्ठाः सोमो राजान्नस्यात्मेति वा अहमेतमुपास इति स यो मेवमुपास्तेऽन्नस्यात्मा भवति
He said: 'Bālākirya, this is the person in the moon; I worship him.' Ajātaśatru replied: 'Do not worship him in this way. Soma is the king, the self of food. I worship him thus. Whoever worships him thus becomes the self of food.'
स होवाच बालाकिर्य एवैष विद्युति पुरुषस्तमेवाहमुपास इति तं होवाचाजातशत्रुर्मा मैतस्मिन्समवादयिष्ठास्तेजस आत्मेति वा अहमेतमुपास इति स यो हैतमेवमुपास्ते तेजस आत्मा भवति
He said: 'Bālākirya, this is the person in lightning; I worship him.' Ajātaśatru replied: 'Do not worship him in this way. He is the self of radiance. I worship him thus. Whoever worships him thus becomes the self of radiance.'
स होवाच बालाकिर्य एवैष स्तनयित्नौ पुरुषस्तमेवाहमुपास इति तं होवाचाजातशत्रुर्मा मैतस्मिन्समवादयिष्ठाः शब्दस्यात्मेति वा अहमेतमुपास इति स यो हैतमेवमुपास्ते शब्दस्यात्मा भवति
He said: 'Bālākirya, this is the person in thunder; I worship him.' Ajātaśatru replied: 'Do not worship him in this way. He is the self of sound. I worship him thus. Whoever worships him thus becomes the self of sound.'
स होवाच बालाकिर्य एवैष आकाशे पुरुषस्तमेवाहमुपास इति तं होवाचाजातशत्रुर्मा मैतस्मिन्समवादयिष्ठाः पूर्णमप्रवर्ति ब्रह्मेति वा अहमेतमुपास इति स यो हैतमेवमुपास्ते पूर्यते प्रजया पशुभिर्नो एव स्वयं नास्य प्रजा पुरा कालात्प्रवर्तते
He said: 'O Bālākī, this indeed is the person in the sky; him alone I meditate upon.' Ajātaśatru said to him: 'Do not meditate upon this as the ultimate; he is not the fullness, he does not proceed as Brahman. But I meditate upon him thus.' Whoever meditates upon him in this way becomes filled with offspring and cattle, but he himself does not have progeny before the proper time.
स होवाच बालाकिर्य एवैष वायौ पुरुषस्तमेवाहमुपास इति तं होवाचाजातशत्रुर्मा मैतस्मिन्समवादयिष्ठा इन्द्रो वैकुण्ठोऽपराजिता सेनेति वा अहमेतमुपास इति स यो हैतमेवमुपास्ते । जिष्णुर्ह वापराजिष्णुरन्यतस्यजायी भवति
He said: 'O Bālākī, this indeed is the person in the wind; him alone I meditate upon.' Ajātaśatru said to him: 'Do not meditate upon this as the ultimate; he is Indra, Vaikuṇṭha, the unconquered general. But I meditate upon him thus.' Whoever meditates upon him in this way becomes victorious and unconquered, he surpasses others.
स होवाच बालाकिर्य एवैषोऽग्नौ पुरुषस्तमेवाहमुपास इति तं होवाचाजातशत्रुर्मा मैतस्मिन्समवादयिष्ठा विषासहिरिति वा अहमेतमुपास इति स यो हैतमेवमुपास्ते विषासहिर्वान्वेष भवति
He said: 'O Bālākī, this indeed is the person in the fire; him alone I meditate upon.' Ajātaśatru said to him: 'Do not meditate upon this as the ultimate; he is Viṣāsahi. But I meditate upon him thus.' Whoever meditates upon him in this way becomes endowed with the power to overcome poison.
स होवाच बालाकिर्य एवैषोऽप्सु पुरुषस्तमेवाहमुपास इति तं होवाचाजातशत्रुर्मा मैतस्मिन्समवादयिष्ठा नाम्न्यस्यात्मेति वा अहमेतमुपास इति स यो हैतमेवमुपास्ते नाम्न्यस्यात्मा भवतीत्यधिदैवतमथाध्यात्मम्
He said: 'O Bālākī, this indeed is the person in the waters; him alone I meditate upon.' Ajātaśatru said to him: 'Do not meditate upon this as the ultimate; he is the self of names. But I meditate upon him thus.' Whoever meditates upon him in this way becomes the self of names. Thus is the teaching concerning the deities; now concerning the self.
Now, the father-to-son transmission, as it is called: The father, sending forth his son, calls him. Spreading nine blades of grass, establishing the fire, placing a water pot with a vessel, covering himself with a worn garment, he lies down. The son approaches and sits nearby. Touching his senses with the father's, facing him, the son sits. Then the father imparts to him: 'I place speech in you.' The son replies: 'Father, place speech in me.' 'I place breath in you.' 'Father, place breath in me.' 'I place sight in you.' 'Father, place sight in me.' 'I place hearing in you.' 'Father, place hearing in me.' 'I place mind in you.' 'Father, place mind in me.' 'I place the essence of food in you.' 'Father, place the essence of food in me.' 'I place actions in you.' 'Father, place actions in me.' 'I place pleasure and pain in you.' 'Father, place pleasure and pain in me.' 'I place bliss, delight, and offspring in you.' 'Father, place bliss, delight, and offspring in me.' 'I place movement in you.' 'Father, place movement in me.' 'I place intelligence, discernment, and desires in you.' 'Father, place intelligence, discernment, and desires in me.' Then, having given the gift, the father rises to the east; he blesses the son: 'May fame, spiritual radiance, nourishment, and glory be yours.' The other, examining the right thigh, covers it with his hand or garment, and prays: 'May you attain heavenly worlds and desires.' If the father is healthy, he remains with the son's prosperity, or departs. If the son departs, the father completes the transmission as prescribed.
Speech may depart while one lives—we see the mute living. Sight may depart while one lives—we see the blind living. Hearing may depart while one lives—we see the deaf living. Mind may depart while one lives—we see the childish living. An arm may be severed, yet one lives; a thigh may be severed, yet one lives. Thus, we see. But breath alone, the self of wisdom, embraces and sustains this body. Therefore, one should worship only this. Breath is wisdom, wisdom is breath. Together they dwell in this body, together they depart. This is the vision. This is the knowledge. When a person sleeps and sees no dream, then in him breath alone remains unified. Speech joins him with all names, sight with all forms, hearing with all sounds, mind with all thoughts. When he awakens, just as sparks scatter from a burning fire in all directions, so from this self the breaths disperse to their respective places; from the breaths to the gods, from the gods to the worlds. This is the accomplishment. This is the knowledge. When a person is afflicted and dying, having lost strength and not knowing, it is said: 'His mind has departed.' He does not hear, does not see, does not speak, does not contemplate. Then, in him breath alone remains unified. Speech joins him with all names, sight with all forms, hearing with all sounds, mind with all thoughts. When he awakens, just as sparks scatter from a burning fire, so from this self the breaths disperse to their respective places; from the breaths to the gods, from the gods to the worlds.
Without wisdom, speech cannot reveal anything unless my mind is present, he says. 'I did not know this name.' Without wisdom, breath cannot reveal any scent unless my mind is present, he says. 'I did not know this scent.' Without wisdom, sight cannot reveal any form unless my mind is present, he says. 'I did not know this form.' Without wisdom, hearing cannot reveal any sound unless my mind is present, he says. 'I did not know this sound.' Without wisdom, the tongue cannot reveal any essence of food unless my mind is present, he says. 'I did not know this essence of food.' Without wisdom, the hands cannot reveal any action unless my mind is present, he says. 'I did not know this action.' Without wisdom, the body cannot reveal any pleasure or pain unless my mind is present, he says. 'I did not know this pleasure or pain.' Without wisdom, the sexual organ cannot reveal any bliss, delight, or offspring unless my mind is present, he says. 'I did not know this bliss, nor delight, nor offspring.' Without wisdom, the feet cannot reveal any movement unless my mind is present, he says. 'I did not know this movement.' Without wisdom, intelligence cannot be accomplished, nor can discernment be revealed.