In ancient times, those who understood the mysteries of existence gathered together with their wives, united in reverence for the worshipful ones. Desiring abundance, they embraced their true forms, each friend protecting another, keeping watch with unwavering vigilance. The worshipful ones, upon discovering the three times seven hidden steps within, joined together to guard the immortal, to protect the cattle—both those that stand and move—and the chariot. Agni, the knower of the peoples’ paths, distributed the portions of life. Tireless and wise, he became the messenger, carrying the offerings. From heaven, the seven mighty rivers, self-born and knowing the ways of wealth, flowed forth. Sarama, the seeker, found the tightly guarded cattle, by whose bounty human settlers now enjoy their share. Those who established all lordships stood firm, opening the path to immortality. By their greatness, the earth was expanded, and Aditi, the nurturing mother, was established with her sons for the sustenance of all. When the immortals made the days in heaven, they bestowed lovely splendor upon humankind. The rivers, released, began their course, and the red flames of Agni were born downward. Agni, like an heir possessing wealth, is the giver of strength—a wise guide, gracious as a friendly guest and priest, leading the householder safely across life’s challenges. Like Savitar, with true thought and will, he brings forth all peoples, praised by many for his wisdom and benevolence. Like a god, he upholds the earth in all its forms; as a king and true friend, he protects; as heroes in the forefront, he dwells in shelter; cherished like a blameless woman by her husband. Men, in their homes, constantly come to Agni, always kindling him in enduring abodes, placing glory upon him in abundance. He is the universal support, the foundation of riches. The generous spread gifts, the wise distribute life, and in the assembly, strength is won and shares bestowed among the gods for renown. The cows of truth, eager and full, nourish humanity, sharing the day. Seeking favor from afar, like rivers breaking through rock, they flow together. Seeking Agni’s favor, worshipful ones place fame in heaven; night and dawn, distinct in form, blend the black and the red. Those mortals whom Agni enriches are generous, and may we be among them. Like a shadow, Agni protects all the world, upholding earth, heaven, and midspace. With horses, men, and heroes, may we conquer by Agni’s help, swiftly winning riches and wisdom a hundredfold. These praises, addressed to Agni, may they delight his mind and heart. Bearing his divine fame, may we attain enduring wealth and the favor of the gods. As the sacrifice approaches, the chant is spoken to Agni, who hears from afar. Ancient among companions, he comes among peoples, protecting the worshipper’s life. Beings declare: Agni, slayer of Vṛtra, is born, winner of wealth in every battle. As messenger in the dwelling, he brings offerings for prosperity and makes the sacrifice for us. Easy to invoke, the Angiras call him the good god, mighty in strength, and people praise his beautiful seats. Agni brings the gods for praise, shining, carrying offerings for prosperity. No obstacle of horse or chariot hinders him as messenger. By his power, the swift horse surpasses the former, and the worshipper stands forth. Agni bestows bright heroism for the worshipper, from the gods. Agni, most worthy of the waters, receives widespread praise, accepting offerings with the ladle. Among the Angirases, most inspired and skillful, he is declared our strength. Who among men is Agni’s close companion, most generous at sacrifice, in whom does he abide? He is the close companion and beloved friend of men, the praiseworthy ally among friends. Agni offers for us to Mitra and Varuna, to the gods the great and true order, in his own house. What approach of mind pleases Agni most? What thought brings the greatest blessing? Who, by sacrifice, attains his favor, and by what intention may we serve him? Agni is invited to sit as Hotar, untroubled, an excellent leader. Heaven and earth protect him in every quest, as he offers to the gods for our well-being. He burns away demons, protects sacrifices from curses, and brings the lord of Soma with his steeds, hospitality prepared for the generous one. With words full of offspring and offerings, Agni is called to sit among the gods, assuming the roles of Hotar and Potar, creator of riches. Wise among the wise, he sacrifices for the inspired, truthful with delightful tongue, performing the rites. How shall we serve Agni, to whom radiant hymns are addressed? Immortal among mortals, upholder of order, skilled Hotar, he brings the gods. Most gracious and true to order, he is honored at sacrifices, conveying the gods to the mortal’s offering, understanding and worshipping with his mind. Agni is will, hero, benefactor, friend, charioteer of the wondrous. At sacrifices, the clans call upon him first, the excellent one. May Agni, most heroic among men and destroyer of foes, come to our songs with help and insight. May the generous, powerful givers favor our hymn. Thus Agni, knower of all births, is praised by the Gotamas, true to order, with inspired men. Among them, he increases glory and strength, attaining prosperity with delight, wise and ever-blessed.