Indra, the mighty one, stood undaunted in battle against the serpent. No lightning, thunder, rain, or storm could hinder him; nothing opposed his resolve as he faced his adversary. Indra prevailed, generous in victory, overcoming the serpent whose path he had struck—a path that once brought fear to Indra’s heart. When the serpent was defeated, ninety-nine streams burst forth, and Indra, swift as a frightened eagle, crossed the realms. Indra, king of both settled and wild peoples, advanced with his thunder-armed might. As ruler, he encompassed all with his wheel, and the enemies vanished before him. The people flourished under his reign. With heartfelt praises, the singers approached Indra, who increases their bounty and grants wealth without deception. They prayed for the sign of the cows, source of prosperity. Like a falcon returning to its cherished home, the poet came to Indra, the unfailing giver. Through supreme hymns and worship, he invoked Indra, for the god is worthy of praise. The archer, ready with all his arrows, drove the cows for Indra’s favored ones. When urged, Indra bestowed abundant gifts. The singers prayed that no powerful merchant would harm them. Indra struck down the wealthy enemy with his hammer, moving alone among allies. He scattered their wealth, breaking it apart; those who did not sacrifice, the ancient ones, met their doom. Even those who sought to surpass Indra, the non-sacrificers, were humbled by the sacrificers. When Indra stood firm in heaven, the lawless ones became lowest among earth and sky. The blameless hosts, unwilling to fight, were driven away by nine singers. Like a bull with weapons, the weak were expelled; the singers returned, rejoicing, proclaiming Indra’s greatness. Indra crossed over those who roared and devoured, hostile beyond the realms. He cast down the Dasa from the sky, bringing glory to those who pressed and praised him. Adorned with golden jewels, they made a circuit of the earth, but could not reach Indra; the sun placed rays around him. When Indra encompassed both heaven and earth with his greatness, those who thought themselves mighty were overcome by the arrogant, and Indra made the Dasa lowest among them. Those who could not reach the ends of heaven and earth, nor surround the giver of wealth with tricks, saw Indra, the bull, fashion the thunderbolt. With its light, he drove the cows out of darkness. The waters flowed according to their nature, increasing amidst the ships. With united mind, Indra, with strongest force, struck and conquered the heavens. He pierced the stronghold of Dilipa, broke the horned demon Shushna, and slew the enemy with his thunderbolt. A flame advanced against his enemies, and with the sharp bull, Indra attacked the forts. He released the obstruction with his thunderbolt; his inspired thought brought forth gifts. Indra brought Kutsa and the mighty bull Dashadyu, who fought in battle; the dust from their hooves did not reach the sky, and Ushvitra’s son stood firm for conquest. Indra brought the bull Shama in the battles of the Tugras, and the cow Shvitri for contest over the field; even in broad daylight, they did not flee. The enemy, lying below, witnessed their defeat. Now the Ashvins, divine twins, are invoked. Let their three-wheeled chariot come today, with all-pervading power and bounty. Their mechanism, like frosty garments, is approached by the wise with prayers. Three swift steeds carry their honey-bearing chariot, following the melody of Soma. Three pillars, firmly set at the beginning, support their journey—three nights and three days, the Ashvins travel. On the same day, three times, the Ashvins come to the blameless offering; three times they wish to taste the sweet sacrifice. At dawn and day’s arrival, three times they pour out rich gifts. Three times they travel the circuit among the faithful, bestowing guidance in threefold measure; three times they bring delight and pour forth streams as from an inexhaustible spring. Three times they bring wealth, wisdom, prosperity, and fame; their chariot, drawn by the daughter of the Sun, is called to arrive. Three times they bring heavenly remedies, earthly remedies, and those from the waters; nourishment and well-being for the son, and a threefold shelter for all. Three times, the Ashvins are worshipped day by day, traversing the threefold earth. Three chariots travel distant paths; like the wind, their souls go to their sisters. Three times, with seven rivers and their mothers, three calls, threefold offerings are prepared. Three earths above flow forth, and the Ashvins guard the summit of heaven with days and nights. Where are the three wheels of their triple chariot? Where are the three seats firmly fixed? When will the union with the swift ass be, by which the Nasatyas come to the sacrifice? The offering is called for them; let them drink honey with their honey-loving asses. Their chariot, adorned with ghee, is sought by the dawns for the righteous. Come, Nasatyas, with three and eleven gods, to the honeyed drink. Carry the worshippers safely, remove sins, drive away hatred, and be companions. With their triple chariot, the Ashvins bring wealth and heroic sons. Hearing the call for help, they are invoked for strength in the contest for prize. Next, the poet calls Agni for well-being, Mitra and Varuna for help, Night as the settler of the world, and Savitar for aid. Savitar, moving in the dark space, establishes both immortal and mortal, going with his golden chariot and observing all worlds. Savitar travels by the downward and upward paths, with shining tawny horses, coming from afar and driving away misfortunes. Clothed in rays of all forms, with a golden yoke, the mighty Savitar mounts his chariot, bearing power in the dark spaces. His two bay steeds with white feet declare the people, drawing the chariot with its golden pole. All worlds have taken their place in the lap of Savitar. Three heavens rest there: two manifest, one abiding in the realm of Yama; like the axle of a chariot, they stand upon the immortal. The fair-winged Savitar declares the regions of space; the wise, deep-shaking Asura guides well. Where is the Sun? Who perceives it? To which heaven has its ray extended? Savitar has declared eight directions of the earth, three deserts, and yoked seven rivers; the golden-eyed god has come, granting treasures and desirable gifts. Golden-handed Savitar, skilled in action, moves between heaven and earth, driving away disease from waters. He goes forth to the Sun and covers the sky with dark space. Golden-handed, wise, well-guiding, gracious, self-luminous, he moves swiftly, repelling demons and sorcerers. The god stands praised at every dusk. Thus, the hymns recount the mighty deeds and blessings of Indra, the Ashvins, and Savitar, each invoked for strength, bounty, guidance, and protection, as the divine powers move through heaven and earth, sustaining the world and its people.