Vayu Purana

इरावत्याः सुतो यस्मात्तस्मादैरावतः स्मृतः । देवराजोपवाह्यत्वात् प्रथमः स मतङ्गराट्। शुभ्राभ्रभाश्चतुर्द्दंष्ट्रः श्रीमानैरावतो गजः ॥ ८.

Because he was the son of Irāvatī, he is called Airāvata. As he was yoked to the chariot of the king of the gods, he became the foremost lord of elephants—Airāvata, shining like a white cloud, with four tusks, glorious.

अप्सुजस्यैकमूलस्य सुवर्णाभस्य हस्तिनः । षड्दन्तस्य हि भद्रस्य औपावाह्यश्च वै बलः ॥ ८.

Of the golden-hued elephant, born from the single root of Apsuja, with six tusks and noble, Bhadra is the one yoked to the chariot, and Bala is his strength.

तस्य पुत्रोऽञ्जनश्चैव सुप्रतीकोऽथ वामनः। पद्मश्चैव चतुर्थोऽभूद्धस्तिनी चाभ्रमुस्तथा ॥ ८.

His sons were Añjana, Supratīka, Vāmana, and Padma; the fourth was Padma, and Hastinī was also born, as was Ābhramū.

thumb|400px|दिग्गज1 दिग्गजांस्तांश्च चत्वारः श्वेताऽजनयताशुगान् । भद्रं मृगञ्च मन्दं च सङ्कीर्णं चतुरः सुतान् ॥ ८.

Śvetā gave birth to four swift elephants of the quarters: Bhadra, Mṛga, Manda, and Saṅkīrṇa—these four sons.

सङ्कीर्णोऽप्यञ्जनो यस्तु उपवाह्यो यमस्य तु। भद्रो यः सुप्रतीकस्तु हरितः स ह्यपाम्पतेः ॥ ८.

Saṅkīrṇa, who is Añjana, is yoked to Yama; Bhadra, who is Supratīka, is green and belongs to the lord of waters.

पद्मो मन्दस्तु यो गौरो द्विपो ह्यैलविलस्य सः। मृगः श्यामस्तु यो हस्ती उपवाह्यः स पावकैः ॥ ८.

Padma, who is Manda, is white and the elephant of Ailavila; Mṛga, who is Śyāma, is the elephant yoked to the fire gods.

पद्मोत्तरस्तु यः पद्मौ गजो वै वरुणो गणः। उपलेपनमेषश्च तस्याष्टौ जज्ञिरे सुताः ॥ ८.

Padmottara, who is Padma, is the elephant of Varuṇa's host; Upalepana, the ram, had eight sons born to him.

उदग्रभावेनोपेता जायन्ते तस्य चान्वये। श्वेतबालनखाः पिङ्गा वर्ष्मवन्तो मतङ्गजाः। मतङ्गजान् प्रवक्ष्यामि नागानन्यानपि क्रमात् ॥ ८.

Born in his lineage, endowed with great vigor, are elephants with white young nails, tawny, and large-bodied. I will speak of elephants and other nāgas in order.

कपिलः पुण्डरीकश्च सुमनाभो रथान्तरः। जातौ नाम्ना सुतौ ताभ्यां सुप्रतिष्ठप्रमर्द्दनौ ॥ ८.

Kapila, Puṇḍarīka, Sumanābha, and Rathāntara—these two sons were born by name, well-established and mighty.

शूलाः स्थूलाः शिरोदान्ताः शुद्धबालनखास्तथा। बलिनः शक्तिनश्चैव स्मृतास्त्वाकुलिका गजाः ॥ ८.

Śūlā, Sthūlā, Śirodānta, and those with pure white nails, strong and powerful—these elephants are known as Ākulikas.

पुष्पदन्तो बृहत्सामा षड्दन्तो दन्त पुष्पवान्। ताम्रवर्णश्च तत्पुत्रः सहचारिविषाणितः ॥ ८.

Puṣpadanta, Bṛhatsāmā, Ṣaḍdanta, Dantapuṣpavān, and Tāmravarṇa—his son, with companions and adorned with tusks.

अन्वये चास्य जायन्ते लम्बोष्ठाश्चारुदर्शिनः। श्यामाः सुदर्शनाश्चण्डा नानापीडायताननाः ॥ ८.

In his lineage are born those with thick lips and beautiful faces; dark-skinned, handsome, fierce, and with faces marked by various afflictions.

वामदेवोऽञ्जनश्यामः साम्नो जज्ञेऽथ वामनः। भार्या चैवाङ्गदा तस्य नीलवल्लक्षणौ सुतौ ॥ ८.

Vāmadeva, dark as collyrium, was born from Sāmna, and then Vāmana; his wife was Āṅgadā, and their two sons bore marks of blue vines.

चण्डश्चात्रशिरो ग्रीवा व्यूढोरस्कास्तरस्विनः। नरैर्बद्धाः कुले तेषां जायन्ते विकृता गजाः ॥ ८.

Among them, Caṇḍa had a head and neck like a pillar, a broad chest, and was swift; in their family, elephants are born deformed, bound by men.

सुप्रतीकस्तु रूपेण नास्त्यस्य सदृशो गजः । तस्य प्रहारी सम्पाती पृथुश्चित्तिसुतास्त्रयः ॥ ८.

Supratīka, in form, has no equal among elephants; his three sons are Prahārī, Sampātī, and Pṛthu-citti.

पशवो दीर्घताल्वौष्ठाः सुविभक्तशिरोदराः। जायन्ते मृदुसम्भूता वंशे तस्य मतङ्गजाः ॥ ८.

Animals with long palates and lips, well-shaped heads and bellies, are born gently in his lineage as noble elephants.

अञ्जनादञ्जना साम्नो विजज्ञे चाञ्जनावती। एवं माता तयोश्चापि प्रथितायुरजःसुतौ ॥ ८.

From Añjana came Añjanā, and from Sāmna was born Añjanāvatī; thus their mother became renowned, and the two sons of Ayuraja.

महाविभक्तशिरसः स्निग्धजीमूतसन्निभाः। सुदर्शनाः सुवर्ष्माणः पद्माभाः परिमण्डलाः। शूनाः पीतायतमुखा गजास्तस्यान्वयेऽभवन् ॥ ८.

With greatly divided heads, resembling glossy thunderclouds, handsome, well-built, lotus-hued, rounded, tuskless, and with yellowish, elongated mouths—such elephants arose in her lineage.

जज्ञे चन्द्रमसः साम्नः पिङ्गला कुमुदद्युतिः। पिङ्गलायाः सुतौ तस्या महापद्मोर्मिमालिनौ ॥ ८.

From Candramasa and Sāmna was born Piṅgalā, radiant as a lotus; her two sons were Mahāpadma and Urmimālī.

समायवरदांश्चण्डान् प्रवृद्धबलिनोदरान् । हस्तियुद्धे प्रियान्नागान् विद्धि तस्य कुलोद्भवान् ॥ ८.

Know that in his lineage are born elephants with equal gifts, fierce, greatly powerful bellies, and beloved in elephant combat.

एतान् देवासुरे युद्धे जयार्थे जगृहुः सुराः। कृतार्थैश्च विसृष्टास्तैः पूर्वोक्ताः प्रययुर्दिशः ॥ ८.

The gods took these in the battle with the demons for victory; having achieved their purpose, those previously mentioned were sent to the directions.

एतेषामन्वये जातान् विनीतांस्त्रिदशा ददुः । अङ्गाय लोमपादाय सूत्रकाराय वै द्विपान् ॥ ८.

From their lineage, the gods gave well-trained elephants to Aṅga, Lomapāda, and Sūtrakāra.

द्विरदो द्विरदाभ्याञ्च हस्ताद्धस्ती करात्करी। वरणाद्वारणो दन्ती दन्ताभ्यां गर्जनाद्गजः ॥ ८.

An elephant is called dvirada from two teeth, hastī from the hand, karī from the trunk, varaṇa from protection, dantī from the tusks, and gaja from roaring.

कुञ्जरः कुञ्जचारित्वान्नागो नगविरोधतः । मतङ्गादिति मातङ्गो द्विपो द्वाभ्यामपि स्मृतः। सामजः सामजातत्वादिति निर्वचनक्रमः ॥ ८.

Kuñjara is from wandering, nāga from opposing mountains, mataṅga from the sage Mataṅga, dvipa from two, and sāmaja from being born of Sāmna—thus is the order of their names.

एषां जिह्वापरावृत्तिरिवाक्तं ह्यग्निशापजम्। बलस्यानवतो या तु या चैषां गूढमुष्कता। उभयं दन्तिनामेतत्स्वयम्भूसूरशापजम् ॥ ८.

Their tongues turn back, as if spoken by the curse of Agni; the lack of strength and the concealed penis among them—both are due to the curse of Svayambhū and the gods.

देवदानवगन्धर्वाः पिशाचोरगराक्षसाः। कन्यासु जाता दिङ्नागैर्नानासात्त्वास्ततो गजाः ॥ ८.

Gods, demons, gandharvas, piśācas, serpents, and rākṣasas—among their daughters, elephants of various origins were born.

सम्भूतिश्च प्रभूतिश्च नामनिर्वचनं तथा। एतद्गजानां विज्ञेयं येषां राजा विभावसुः ॥ ८.

Origin and manifestation, as well as the explanation of names—this should be understood regarding elephants whose king is Vibhāvasu.

कौशिकाद्याः समुद्रात्तु गङ्गायास्तदनन्तरम्। अञ्जनस्यैकमूलस्य प्राच्यान्नागवनन्तु तत् ॥ ८.

The Kauśikas and others, from the ocean, then from the Ganges; from Añjana's single root, the eastern elephant forest arose.

उत्तरा तस्य विन्ध्यस्य गङ्गाया दक्षिणञ्च यत्। गङ्गोद्भेदात्करूषेभ्यः सुप्रतीकस्य तद्वनम् ॥ ८.

North of the Vindhya and south of the Ganges, from the Ganges' emergence in Karūṣa, is the forest of Supratīka.