Vayu Purana

एवमर्थ वशात्तस्य सन्निवेशो रथस्य तु। तथा संयोगभागेन संसिद्धो भास्वरो रथः ।। ५१.

Thus, according to purpose, is the arrangement of the chariot; in this way, by their conjunction, the radiant chariot is perfected.

तेनाऽसौ तरणिर्देवस्तरसा सर्पते दिवि। युगाक्षकोटिसम्बद्धौ रश्मी द्वौ स्यन्दनस्य हि ।। ५१.

By this, the swift sun-god moves rapidly in the sky; the two rays of the chariot are bound to the ends of the yoke and the axle.

ध्रुवेण भ्रमतो रश्मी विचक्रयुगयोस्तु वै। भ्रमतो मण्डलानि स्युः खेचरस्य रथस्य तु ।। ५१.

As the rays revolve with the Pole Star and the pair of wheels, the circles of the chariot moving in the sky are formed.

युगाक्षकोटी ते तस्य दक्षिणे स्यन्दनस्य तु। ध्रुवेण संगृहीते वै द्विचक्रश्वेतरज्जुवत् ।। ५१.

The two ends of the yoke are on the right side of that chariot, held by Dhruva, and the chariot has two wheels with white ropes.

भ्रमन्तमनुगच्छेतां ध्रुवं रश्मी तु तावुभौ । युगाक्ष कोटी ते तस्य वातोर्मी स्यन्दनस्य तु ।। ५१.

Both those rays follow Dhruva as he revolves; the ends of the yoke are the waves of wind for that chariot.

कीलासक्तो यथा रज्जुर्भ्रमते सर्वतो दिशम्। ह्रसतस्तस्य रश्मी तौ मण्डलेषूत्तरायणे ।। ५१.

Just as a rope attached to a peg turns in every direction, so do those two rays shorten in the circles during the northern course.

वर्द्धेते दक्षिणे चैव भ्रमतो मण्डलानि तु। ध्रुवेण संगृहीतौ तु रस्मी वै नयतो रविम् ।। ५१.

And during the southern course, as the circles revolve, they lengthen; those rays, held by Dhruva, lead the Sun.

आकृष्येते यदा तौ वै ध्रुवेण समधिष्ठितौ। तदा सोऽभ्यन्तरं सूर्यो भ्रमते मण्डलानि तु ।। ५१.

When those two, established by Dhruva, are drawn in, then the Sun moves within, revolving through the circles.

अशीतिमण्डलशतं काष्ठयोरुभयोश्चरन् । ध्रुवेण मुच्यमानाभ्यां रश्मिभ्यां पुनरेव तु ।। ५१.

Traversing eighty hundred circles on both sides, when released by Dhruva from those two rays, he returns again.

तथैव बाह्यतः सूर्यो भ्रमते मण्डलानि तु। उद्वेष्टयन् स वेगेन मण्डलानि तु गच्छति ।। ५१.

In the same way, the Sun moves through the outer circles, swiftly turning as he goes through the circles.

स रथोऽधिष्ठितो देवैरादित्यैऋषिभिस्तथा। गन्धर्वैरप्सरोभिश्च ग्रामणीसर्पराक्षसैः ।। ५२.

That chariot is presided over by the gods, the Ādityas, the sages, as well as by Gandharvas, Apsarases, chiefs, serpents, and Rākṣasas.

एते वसन्ति वै सूर्ये द्वौ द्वौ मासौ क्रमेण तु। धातार्यमा पुलस्त्यश्च पुलहश्च प्रजापतिः ।। ५२.

These dwell in the Sun, two by two, in succession for two months each: Dhātṛ, Aryaman, Pulastya, Pulaha, and Prajāpati.

उरगो वासुकिश्चैव सङ्कीर्णारश्च तावुभौ। तुम्बुरुर्नारदश्चैव गन्धर्वौ गायतां वरौ ।। ५२.

The serpent Vāsuki and Saṅkīrṇa, both; Tumburu and Nārada, the two foremost among Gandharvas who sing.

क्रतुस्थल्यप्सराश्चैव तथा वै पुञ्जिकस्थली। ग्रामणी रथकृच्छ्रश्च तपोर्यश्चैव तावुभौ ।। ५२.

Kratusthaly and the Apsaras, as well as Puñjikasthalī; the chiefs Rathakṛcchra and Taporya, both.

रक्षो हेतिः प्रहेतिश्च यातुधानावुदाहृतौ। मधुमाधवयोरेष गणो वसति भास्करे ।। ५२.

The Rākṣasas Heti and Praheti, and the two Yātudhānas are mentioned; this group resides in the Sun during the months of Madhu and Mādhava.

वासन्तौ ग्रैष्मिकौ मासौ मित्रश्च वरुणश्च ह। ऋषिरत्रिर्वसिष्ठश्च तक्षको रम्भ एव च ।। ५२.

In the months of Vasanta and Griṣma are Mitra and Varuṇa, the sages Atri and Vasiṣṭha, Takṣaka the serpent, and Rambha.

मेनका सहजन्या च गन्धर्वौ च हहा हुहूः। रथस्वनश्च ग्रामण्यो रथचित्रश्च तावुभौ ।। ५२.

Menakā and Sahajanyā, and the Gandharvas Hahā and Huhū; Rathasvana and the chief Rathacitra, both.

पौरुषेयो धवश्चैव यातुधानावुदाहृतौ। एते वसन्ति वै सूर्ये मासयोः शुचिशुक्रयोः ।। ५२.

Pauruṣeya and Dhava, the two Yātudhānas are mentioned; these dwell in the Sun during the months of Śuci and Śukra.

ततः सूर्ये पुनस्त्वन्या निवसन्तीह देवताः। इन्द्रश्चैव विवस्वांश्च अङ्गिरा भृगुरेव च ।। ५२.

Then again, other deities reside in the Sun: Indra, Vivasvān, Aṅgiras, and Bhṛgu.

एलापर्णस्तथा सर्पः शङ्खपालश्च तावुभौ। विश्वावसूग्रसेनौ च प्रातश्चैवारुणश्च ह ।। ५२.

Elāparṇa and the serpent Śaṅkhapāla, both; Viśvāvasu and Ugrasena, Prāta and Aruṇa as well.

प्रम्लोचेति च विख्याता निम्लोचेति च ते उभे। यातुधानस्तथा सर्पो व्याघ्रः श्वेतश्च तावुभौ। नभोनभस्ययोरेष गणो वसति भास्करे ।। ५२.

Pramlocā and Nimlocā, both renowned; the Yātudhāna and the serpent, Vyāghra and Śveta, both; this group resides in the Sun during the months of Nabhas and Nabhasya.

शरदृ-तौ पुनः शुभ्रा वसन्ति मुनि देवताः। पर्ज्जन्यश्चाथ पूषा च भरद्वाजः सगौतमः ।। ५२.

In the autumn season, the pure sages and divine beings reside; also Parjanya, Pūṣan, Bharadvāja, and Gautama dwell there.

विश्वावसुश्च गन्धर्वास्तथैव सुरभिश्च यः। विश्वाची च घृताची च उभे ते शुभलक्षणे ।। ५२.

Viśvāvasu and the Gandharvas, as well as Surabhi, Viśvācī, and Ghṛtācī—both of auspicious marks—are present.

नाग ऐरावतश्चैव विश्रुतश्च धनञ्जयः। सेनजिच्च सुषेणशचव सेनानीर्ग्रामणीश्च तौ ।। ५२.

Nāga Airāvata, the renowned Dhanañjaya, Senajit, Suṣeṇa, and the two commanders, Grāmaṇī, are there.

आपो वातश्च तावेतौ यातुधानावुभौ स्मृतौ। वसन्त्येते तु वै सूर्ये मासयोश्च इषोर्जयोः ।। ५२.

The waters and the wind—these two are remembered as Yātudhānas; these all reside with the Sun during the months of Iṣa and Urja.

हैमन्तिकौ तु द्वौ मासौ वसन्ति तु दिवाकरे। अंशो भगश्च द्वावेतौ कश्यपश्च ऋतुश्च ह ।। ५२.

During the two winter months, they dwell with the Sun: Aṃśa and Bhaga, these two, as well as Kaśyapa and Ṛtu.

भुजङ्गश्च महापझः सर्पः कर्कोटकस्तथा। चित्रसेनश्च गन्धर्व ऊर्णायुश्चैव तावुभौ ।। ५२.

The serpent Mahāpajha, the snake Karkoṭaka, Citraseṇa the Gandharva, and Ūrṇāyu—these two as well.

उर्वशी विप्रचित्तिश्च तथैवाप्सरसौ शुभे। तार्क्ष्यश्चारिष्टनेमिश्च सेनानीर्ग्रामणीश्च तौ ।। ५२.

Urvaśī and Vipracitti, and likewise the two auspicious Apsarases; Tārkṣya and Ariṣṭanemi, and the two commanders, Grāmaṇī.

विद्युत्स्फूर्ज्जश्च तावुग्रौ यातुधानावुदाहृतौ। सहे चैव सहस्ये च वसन्त्येते दिवाकरे ।। ५२.

Vidyut and Sphūrja, those two fierce Yātudhānas are named; Sahe and Sahasya also reside with the Sun.