Vayu Purana

ऋष इत्येव ऋषयः वृषः शक्तिप्रबन्धने। इति प्रबन्धनात् सिद्धं वर्षत्वं तेन तेषु तत् ।। ४९.

The term 'ṛṣa' means rishis; 'vṛṣa' signifies strength in binding; thus, from this connection, the status of 'region' is established among them.

शुक्लपक्षे चन्द्रवृद्धौ समुद्रः पूर्यते तदा। प्रक्षीयमाणे बहुले क्षीयतेऽस्तमिते खगे ।। ४९.

During the waxing phase of the moon, the ocean fills; as the moon wanes and sets, the ocean diminishes.

आपूर्यमाणे उदधिः स्वत एवाभिपूर्यते। ततोऽपक्षीयमाणेऽपि स्वात्मनैवापकृष्यते ।। ४९.

When the ocean is filling, it fills by itself; then, as it wanes, it recedes by its own nature.

उखास्थमग्निसंयोगात् जलमुद्रिच्यते यथा। तथा महोदधिगतं तोयमुद्रिच्यते ततः ।। ४९.

Just as water evaporates from a vessel due to contact with fire, so too does the water in the great ocean evaporate.

अन्यूनाह्यतिरिक्ताश्च वर्द्धन्त्यापो ह्रसन्ति च। उदयास्तमितैश्चेन्दोः पक्षयोः शुक्लकृष्णयोः। क्षयवृद्धिरेवमुदधेः सोमवृद्धिक्षयात्पुनः ।। ४९.

Waters increase or decrease, becoming more or less, according to the rising and setting of the moon, during its bright and dark phases; thus, the ocean's decrease and increase follow the waxing and waning of the moon.

दशोत्तराणि पञ्चैव अङ्गुलीनां शतानि तु। अपां वृद्धिः क्षयो दृष्टः समुद्राणान्तु पर्वसु ।। ४९.

The increase and decrease of the waters is observed to be one hundred and fifteen finger-widths at the junctions of the oceans.

द्विरापत्वात् स्मृता द्वीपाः सर्वतश्चोदकावृताः। उदकस्याधानं यस्माच्च तस्मादुदधिरुच्यते ।। ४९.

Because the islands are surrounded everywhere by water, they are called 'islands'; and since water is contained there, it is called 'ocean.'

अपर्वाणस्तु गिरयः पर्वभिः पर्वताः स्मृताः । प्लक्षद्वीपे तु गोमेदः पर्वतस्तेन चोच्यते ।। ४९.

Mountains not at the junctions are called 'mountains,' while those at the junctions are known as 'ranges'; in Plakṣa island, the mountain Gomeda is thus named.

शाल्मलिः शाल्मलद्वीपे पूज्यते च महाद्रुमाः। कुशद्वीपे कुशस्तम्बस्तस्य नाम्ना स उच्यते ।। ४९.

The Śālmalī tree is honored in Śālmalī island as a great tree; in Kuśa island, the Kuśa stalk is called by its own name.

क्रौञ्चद्वीपे गिरिः क्रौञ्चो मध्ये जनपदस्य ह। शकद्वीपे द्रुमः शाकस्तस्य नाम्ना स उच्यते ।। ४९.

In Krauñca island, the mountain Krauñca stands in the center of the region; in Śaka island, the Śaka tree is called by its own name.

न्यग्रोधः पुष्करद्वीपे तत्र तैः स नमस्कृतः। महादेवः पुष्करे तु ब्रह्मा त्रिभुवनेश्वरः ।। ४९.

The banyan tree is revered in Puṣkara island by those people; in Puṣkara, Mahādeva and Brahmā, the lord of the three worlds, are honored.

तस्मिन्निवसति ब्रह्मा साध्यैः सार्द्धं प्रजापतिः। उपासते तत्र देवास्त्रयस्त्रिंशन्महर्षिभिः। स तत्र पूज्यते चैव देवैर्देवोत्तमोत्तमः ।। ४९.

There dwells Brahma, the Lord of Creatures, together with the Sadhyas; the thirty-three gods worship him there, along with the great sages; he is honored there by the gods, being the supreme among the supreme gods.

जम्बूद्वीपात्प्रवर्त्तन्ते रत्नानि विविधानि च। द्वीपेषु तेषु सर्वेषु प्रजानां हि क्रमास्त्विह ।। ४९.

From Jambudvipa arise various kinds of gems; in all those islands, the generations of beings proceed in order.

सर्वसो ब्रह्मचर्येण सत्येन च दमेन च। आरोग्यायुःप्रमाणाद्धि द्विगुणञ्च समन्ततः ।। ४९.

Everywhere, by means of celibacy, truthfulness, and self-restraint, the measure of health and lifespan is doubled in all directions.

एतस्मिन् पुष्करद्वीपे यदुक्तं वर्षकद्वयम्। गोपायति प्रजास्तत्र स्वयं सज्जनमण्डिताः ।। ४९.

In this Pushkara island, as has been said, two regions are protected by the inhabitants themselves, adorned with virtuous people.

ईश्वरो दण्डमुद्यम्य ब्रह्मा त्रिभुवनेश्वरः। सविष्णुः सशिवो देवः सपिता सपितामहः ।। ४९.

The Lord, raising his staff, is Brahma, the ruler of the three worlds; he is accompanied by Vishnu, Shiva, the gods, the fathers, and the grandfathers.

भोजनञ्चाप्रयत्नेन तत्र स्वयमुपस्थितम् । षड्रसं सुमहावीर्यं भुञ्जते च प्रजाः सदा ।। ४९.

There, food appears by itself without effort; the people always partake of it, possessing six tastes and great potency.

परेण पुष्करस्याथ आवृत्या यः स्थितो महान् । स्वादूदकः समुद्रस्तु समन्तात्परिवेष्टितः ।। ४९.

Beyond Pushkara, encircling it, is the great ocean of sweet water, which surrounds it on all sides.

परेण तस्य महती दृश्यते लोक संस्थितिः। काञ्चनी द्विगुणा भूमिः सर्वा चैकशिलोपमा ।। ४९.

Beyond that, a vast region is seen, the abode of worlds; the golden land is twice as large, and entirely resembles a single stone.

तस्मात्परेण शैलस्तु मर्यादान्ते तु मण्डलम्। प्रकाशश्चाप्रकाशश्च लोकालोकः स उच्यते ।। ४९.

Beyond that is a mountain at the boundary, forming a circle; both luminous and non-luminous, it is called Lokāloka.

आलोकस्तस्य चार्वाक्तु निरालोकस्ततः परम्। योजनानां सहस्राणि दश तस्योच्छ्रयः स्मृतः ।। ४९.

Its illuminated part is all around, and beyond that is darkness; its height is said to be ten thousand yojanas.

तावांश्च विस्तरस्तस्य पृथिव्यां कामगश्च सः। आलोके लोकशब्दस्तु निरालोके सलोकता। लोकार्थं सम्मतो लोको निरालोकस्तु बाह्यतः ।। ४९.

Its extent is the same on earth, and it moves as it wishes; in the illuminated part is the world, and in the dark part is worldlessness; the world is accepted for the sake of beings, and the dark part is external.

लोकविस्तारमात्रन्तु आलोकः सर्वतो बहिः। परिच्छिन्नः समन्ताच्च उदकेनावृतश्च सः। निरालोकात्परश्चापि अण्डमावृत्य तिष्ठति ।। ४९.

The illuminated region is only the measure of the world's expanse, bounded on all sides and surrounded by water; beyond the darkness, an egg encloses and remains.

अण्डस्यान्तस्त्विमे लोकाः सप्तद्वीपा च मेदिनी। भूर्लोकोऽथ भुवर्लोकः स्वर्लोकोऽथ महस्तथा ।। ४९.

Within the egg are these worlds and the earth with its seven islands; the Bhūrloka, then Bhuvarloka, then Svargaloka, and also Maharloka.

जनस्तपस्तथा सत्य एतावान् लोकसङ्‌ग्रहः। एकावानेव विज्ञेयो लोकान्तश्चैव तत्परः ।। ४९.

Janaloka, Tapoloka, and Satyaloka; this is the collection of worlds; only one is to be understood, and beyond that is the world's end.

कुम्बस्थायी भवेद्यादृक् प्रतीच्यान्दिशि चन्द्रमाः। आदितः शुक्लपक्षस्य वपुरण्डस्य तद्विधम् ।। ४९.

The moon, situated in the west, is like a pot; at the beginning of the bright fortnight, the form of the egg is like that.

अण्डानामीदृशानान्तु कोट्यो ज्ञेयाः सहस्रशः। तिर्यगूर्ध्वमधस्ताच्च कारणस्याव्ययात्मनः। कारणैः प्राकृतैस्तत्र ह्यावृतं प्रतिसप्तभिः ।। ४९.

Of such eggs, millions are to be known, by the thousands; sideways, upwards, and downwards, belonging to the imperishable cause; there, each is enveloped by seven natural elements.

दशाधिक्येन चान्योन्यं धारयन्ति परस्परम्। परस्परावृताः सर्वे उत्पन्नाश्च परस्परात् ।। ४९.

With a surplus of ten, they support each other mutually; all are mutually enveloped, and all arise from one another.

अण्डस्यास्य समन्तात्तु सन्निविष्टो घनोदधिः। समन्ताद्येन तोयेन धार्यमाणः स तिष्ठति ।। ४९.

Around this egg is placed the dense ocean; it remains supported on all sides by that water.