Vayu Purana

पर्व्वण्यास्तिथयः सन्ध्याः पक्षा मासार्द्धसंज्ञिताः। द्वावर्द्धमासौ मासस्तु द्वौ मासावृतुरुच्यते ।। ३०.

The phases of the lunar fortnight, the junctions, and the lunar days are called half-months; two half-months make a month, and two months are called a season.

ऋतुत्रयं चायनं द्वे अयने दक्षिणोत्तरे । संवत्सरः सुमेकस्तु स्थानान्येतानि स्थानिनाम् ।। ३०.

The three seasons, the year, the two solstices—southern and northern—these are the stations of those who abide in their places.

ऋतवः सुमेकपुत्रा विज्ञेया ह्यष्टधा तु षट्। ऋतुपुत्राः स्मृताः पञ्च प्रजास्त्वार्त्तवलक्षणाः ।। ३०.

The seasons are known as the sons of Sumeka, divided eightfold and sixfold; the sons of the seasons are said to be five, and the offspring are characterized by their functions.

यस्माच्चैवार्त्तवेयास्तु जायन्ते स्थाणुजङ्गमाः। आर्त्तवाः पितरश्चैव ऋतवश्च पितामहाः ।। ३०.

From these functions are born all stationary and moving beings; the functions are called the fathers, and the seasons are the grandfathers.

सुमेकात्तु प्रसूयन्ते म्रियन्ते च प्रजातयः। तस्मात् स्मृतः प्रजानां वै सुमेकः प्रपितामहः ।। ३०.

From Sumeka, the offspring are produced and also perish; therefore, Sumeka is remembered as the great-grandfather of all beings.

स्थानेषु स्थानिनो ह्येते स्थानात्मानः प्रकीर्तिताः। तदाख्यास्तन्मयत्वाच्च तदात्मनश्च ते स्मृताः ।। ३०.

These are the ones who abide in their stations, called the station-souled; because of their names and their nature, they are remembered as such.

प्रजापतिः स्मृतो यस्तु स तु संवत्सरो मतः। संवत्सरः स्मृतो ह्यग्निः ऋतमित्युच्यते द्वजैः ।। ३०.

He who is remembered as Prajapati is considered the year; the year is remembered as Agni, and the season is so called by the twice-born.

ऋतात्तु ऋतवो यस्माज्जज्ञिरे ऋतवस्ततः। मासाः षडृतवो ज्ञेयास्तेषां पञ्चार्त्तवाः सुताः ।। ३०.

From the season, the seasons are born; thus, from the seasons come the months. The six seasons should be known, and their five sons are the functions.

द्विपदाञ्चतुष्पदाञ्चैव पक्षिसंसर्पतामपि। स्थावराणां च पञ्चानां पुष्पं कालार्त्तवं स्मृतम् ।। ३०.

For bipeds, quadrupeds, birds, reptiles, and the five stationary beings, the flowering of time and function is remembered.

ऋतुत्वमार्त्तवत्वञ्च पितृत्वञ्च प्रकीर्तितम्। इत्येते पितरो ज्ञेया ऋतवश्चार्त्तवाश्च ये ।। ३०.

Seasonhood, functionhood, and fatherhood are described; thus, these are to be known as the fathers, the seasons, and the functions.

सर्वभूतानि तेभ्योऽथ ऋतुकालाद्विजज्ञिरे। तस्मादेतेऽपि पितर आर्त्तवा इति नः श्रुतम् ।। ३०.

All beings are born from them, from the time of the seasons; therefore, these functions are also called fathers, as we have heard.

मन्वन्तरेषु सर्वेषु स्थिताः कालाभिमानिनः। स्थानाभिमानिनो ह्येते तिष्ठन्तीह प्रसंयमात् ।। ३०.

In all the cycles of Manu, those who identify with time remain; those who identify with stations also remain here through restraint.

अग्निष्वात्ता बर्हिषदः पितरो द्विविधाः स्मृताः। जज्ञाते च पितृभ्यस्तु द्वे कन्ये लोकविश्रुते ।। ३०.

The fathers are remembered as of two kinds: Agniṣvāttas and Barhiṣads; and from the fathers were born two daughters, renowned in the worlds.

मेना च धारिणी चैव याभ्यां विश्वमिदं धृतम्। पितरस्ते निजे कन्ये धर्मार्थं प्रददुः शुभे। त उभे व्रह्मवादिन्यौ योगिन्यौ चैव ते उभे ।। ३०.

Menā and Dhāriṇī, by whom this universe is sustained; the fathers gave their own daughters for righteousness and prosperity. Both were versed in Brahman and were yoginis.

अग्निष्वात्तास्तु ये प्रोक्तास्तेषां मेना तु मानसी। धारणी मानसी चैव कन्या बर्हिषदां स्मृता ।। ३०.

Of those called Agniṣvāttas, Menā is their mind-born daughter; Dhāraṇī is also mind-born, and is remembered as the daughter of the Barhiṣads.

मेरोस्तु धारणीं नाम पत्न्यर्थं व्यसृजन् शुभाम्। पितरस्ते बर्हिषदः स्मृता ये सोमपीथिनः ।। ३०.

For Meru, they produced Dhāraṇī by name, a virtuous wife; the fathers called Barhiṣads are those who drink Soma.

अग्निष्वात्तास्तु तां मेनां पत्नीं हिमवते ददुः। स्मृतास्ते वै तु दौहित्रास्तद्दौहित्रान् निबोधत ।। ३०.

The Agniṣvāttas gave Menā as wife to Himavat; they are remembered as grandsons, so listen to those grandsons.

मेना हिमवतः पत्नी मैनाकं सान्वसूयत। गङ्गा सरिद्वरा चैव पत्नी या लवणो दधेः। मैनाकस्यानुजः क्रौञ्चः क्रौञ्चद्वीपो यतः स्मृतः ।। ३०.

Menā, wife of Himavat, gave birth to Maināka along with others; and Gaṅgā, the best of rivers, was his wife, whom Lavaṇa married. Maināka's younger brother is Krauñca, from whom the Krauñca island is remembered.

मेरोस्तु धारणी पत्नी दिव्यौषधिसमन्वितम्। मन्दरं सुषुवे पुत्रं तिस्रः कन्याश्च विश्रुताः ।। ३०.

Dhāraṇī, wife of Meru, endowed with divine herbs, gave birth to Mandara as a son, and three renowned daughters.

वेला च नियतिश्चैव तृतीया चायतिः पुनः। धातुश्चैवायतिः पत्नी विधातुर्नियतिः स्मृता ।। ३०.

Velā, Niyati, and the third, Āyati; Dhātu is also called Āyati, and Niyati is known as the wife of the Creator.

स्वायम्भुवेऽन्तरे पूर्वन्तयोर्वै कीर्तिताः प्रजाः। सुषुवे सागराद्वेला कन्यामेकामनिन्दिताम् ।। ३०.

In the interval of Svāyambhuva, the beings at the beginning and end are described; from the ocean, Velā gave birth to a single blameless daughter.

सावर्णिना च सामुद्री पत्नी प्राचीनबर्हिषः। सवर्णा साथ सामुद्री दशप्राचीनबर्हिषः। सर्वे प्रचेतसो नाम धनुर्वेदस्य पारगाः ।। ३०.

Sāmudrī, the daughter of the ocean, became the wife of Prācīnabarhis; Savarṇā and Sāmudrī together bore ten sons to Prācīnabarhis, all called Pracetas, masters of the science of archery.

तेषां स्वायम्भुवौ दक्षः पुत्रत्वे जज्ञिवान् प्रभुः। त्र्यम्बकस्याभिशापेन चाक्षुषस्यान्तरे मनोः ।। ३०.

Among them, in the Svāyambhuva epoch, Dakṣa was born as a son, by the curse of Tryambaka, during the interval of Cākṣuṣa Manu.

एतच्छुत्वा ततः सूतमपृच्छच्छांशपायनः। उत्पन्नः स कथं दक्षो ह्यभिशापाद्भवस्य तु। चाक्षुषस्यान्वये पूर्वं तन्नः प्रब्रूहि पृच्छताम् ।। ३०.

Hearing this, Śāṃśapāyana then questioned the Sūta: 'How was Dakṣa born as a result of Bhava's curse, previously in the lineage of Cākṣuṣa? Tell us, as we ask.'

इत्युक्तः कथयामास सूतो दक्षाश्रितां कथाम्। शांशपायनमामन्त्र्य त्र्यम्बकाच्छापकारणम् ।। ३०.

Thus addressed, the Sūta began to narrate the story connected with Dakṣa, addressing Śāṃśapāyana and explaining the reason for Tryambaka's curse.

दक्षस्यासन् सुता ह्यष्टौ कन्या याः कीर्तिता मया। स्वेब्यो गृहेभ्यो ह्यानाय्य ताः पिताभ्यर्च्चयद्गृहे। ततस्त्वभ्यर्चिताः सर्वा न्यवसंस्ताः पितुर्गृहे ।। ३०.

Dakṣa had eight daughters, as I have mentioned; bringing them from their own homes, their father honored them in his house, and after being honored, they all remained in their father's home.

तासां ज्येष्ठा सती नाम पत्नी या त्र्यम्बकस्य वै। नाजुहावात्मजां तां वै दक्षो रुद्रमभिद्विषन् ।। ३०.

Among them, the eldest was named Satī, the wife of Tryambaka; Dakṣa, harboring enmity toward Rudra, did not invite his own daughter.

अकरोत्स नतिं दक्षे न कदाचिन्महेश्वरः। जामाता श्वशुरे तस्मिन् स्वभावात् तेजसि स्थितः ।। ३०.

Mahādeva, as son-in-law, never paid homage to Dakṣa, his father-in-law, but remained steadfast in his own brilliance by nature.

ततो ज्ञात्वा सती सर्वाः स्वस्रः प्राप्ताः पितृर्गृहम्। जगाम साप्यनाहूता सती तत् स्वं पितुर्गृहम् ।। ३०.

Then Satī, knowing that all her sisters had gone to their father's house, also went, though uninvited, to her father's home.