Vayu Purana

मन्वन्तरेषु सर्वेषु ह्यतीतानागतेष्वपि। एते स्वायम्भुवे पूर्वमुत्पन्ना ह्यन्तरे शुभे ।। ३०.

In all Manvantaras, both past and future, these were previously born in the auspicious Svāyambhuva interval.

अग्निष्वात्ताः स्मृता नाम्ना तथा बर्हिषदश्च वै। अयज्वानस्तथा तेषामासन् वै गृहमेधिनः। अग्निष्वात्ताः स्मृतास्ते वै पितरोऽनाहिताग्नयः ।। ३०.

Those called Agniṣvāttas by name, and likewise Barhiṣads, were householders who did not perform sacrifices; Agniṣvāttas are remembered as ancestors who did not maintain the sacred fire.

यज्वानस्तेषु ये ह्यासन् पितरः सोमपीथिनः। स्मृता बर्हिषदस्ते वै पितरस्त्वग्निहोत्रिणः। ऋतवः पितरो देवाः शास्त्रेऽस्मिन्निश्चयो मतः ।। ३०.

Among them, those ancestors who were sacrificers and drinkers of Soma are remembered as Barhiṣads, the ancestors who performed fire rituals; in this scripture, the seasons, ancestors, and gods are regarded as established.

मधुमाधवौ रसौ ज्ञेयौ शुचिशुक्रौ तु शुष्मिणौ। नभश्चैव नभस्तश्च जीवावेतावुदाहृतौ ।। ३०.

Madhu and Mādhava are to be known as the two sweet seasons; Śuci and Śukra are the two pure and radiant ones; Nabha and Nabhasya are the two living ones thus declared.

इषश्चैव तथोर्जश्च सुधावन्तावुदाहृतौ। सहश्चैव सहस्यश्च मन्युमन्तौ तु तौ स्मृतौ। तपश्चैव तपस्यश्च घोरावेतौ तु शैशिरौ ।। ३०.

Iṣa and Urja are the two nourishing ones thus declared; Saha and Sahasya are the two powerful ones thus remembered; Tapas and Tapasya are the two fierce and wintry ones.

कालावस्थास्तु षट् तेषाम्मासाख्या वै व्यवस्थिताः। त इमे ऋतवः प्रोक्ताश्चेतनाचेतनास्तु वै ।। ३०.

Their six temporal states are established as months; these are the seasons, both sentient and insentient.

ऋतवो ब्रह्मणः पुत्रा विज्ञेयास्तेऽभिमानिनः। मासार्द्धमासस्थानेषु स्थानञ्च ऋतवोर्त्तवाः ।। ३०.

The seasons are to be understood as the sons of Brahmā, and they are possessors of their own domains; the place of months and half-months is the domain of the seasons.

स्थानानां व्यतिरेकेण ज्ञेयाः स्थानाभिमानिनः। अहोरात्रञ्च मासाश्च ऋतवश्चायनानि च ।। ३०.

Apart from their domains, those who possess domains are to be known; day and night, months, seasons, and solstices as well.

संवत्सराश्च स्थानानि कालावस्थाभिमानिनः। निमेषाश्च कलाः काष्ठा मुहूर्त्ता वै दिनक्षपाः ।। ३०.

Years are domains, possessed by the states of time; moments, minutes, periods, hours, and day-night cycles.

एतेषु स्थानिनो ये तु कालावस्थास्ववस्थिताः। तन्मयत्वात्तदात्मानस्तान् वक्ष्यामि निबोधत ।। ३०.

Those who reside in these domains, established in the states of time, are of that nature and essence; I will explain them, listen attentively.

पर्व्वण्यास्तिथयः सन्ध्याः पक्षा मासार्द्धसंज्ञिताः। द्वावर्द्धमासौ मासस्तु द्वौ मासावृतुरुच्यते ।। ३०.

The phases of the lunar fortnight, the junctions, and the lunar days are called half-months; two half-months make a month, and two months are called a season.

ऋतुत्रयं चायनं द्वे अयने दक्षिणोत्तरे । संवत्सरः सुमेकस्तु स्थानान्येतानि स्थानिनाम् ।। ३०.

The three seasons, the year, the two solstices—southern and northern—these are the stations of those who abide in their places.

ऋतवः सुमेकपुत्रा विज्ञेया ह्यष्टधा तु षट्। ऋतुपुत्राः स्मृताः पञ्च प्रजास्त्वार्त्तवलक्षणाः ।। ३०.

The seasons are known as the sons of Sumeka, divided eightfold and sixfold; the sons of the seasons are said to be five, and the offspring are characterized by their functions.

यस्माच्चैवार्त्तवेयास्तु जायन्ते स्थाणुजङ्गमाः। आर्त्तवाः पितरश्चैव ऋतवश्च पितामहाः ।। ३०.

From these functions are born all stationary and moving beings; the functions are called the fathers, and the seasons are the grandfathers.

सुमेकात्तु प्रसूयन्ते म्रियन्ते च प्रजातयः। तस्मात् स्मृतः प्रजानां वै सुमेकः प्रपितामहः ।। ३०.

From Sumeka, the offspring are produced and also perish; therefore, Sumeka is remembered as the great-grandfather of all beings.

स्थानेषु स्थानिनो ह्येते स्थानात्मानः प्रकीर्तिताः। तदाख्यास्तन्मयत्वाच्च तदात्मनश्च ते स्मृताः ।। ३०.

These are the ones who abide in their stations, called the station-souled; because of their names and their nature, they are remembered as such.

प्रजापतिः स्मृतो यस्तु स तु संवत्सरो मतः। संवत्सरः स्मृतो ह्यग्निः ऋतमित्युच्यते द्वजैः ।। ३०.

He who is remembered as Prajapati is considered the year; the year is remembered as Agni, and the season is so called by the twice-born.

ऋतात्तु ऋतवो यस्माज्जज्ञिरे ऋतवस्ततः। मासाः षडृतवो ज्ञेयास्तेषां पञ्चार्त्तवाः सुताः ।। ३०.

From the season, the seasons are born; thus, from the seasons come the months. The six seasons should be known, and their five sons are the functions.

द्विपदाञ्चतुष्पदाञ्चैव पक्षिसंसर्पतामपि। स्थावराणां च पञ्चानां पुष्पं कालार्त्तवं स्मृतम् ।। ३०.

For bipeds, quadrupeds, birds, reptiles, and the five stationary beings, the flowering of time and function is remembered.

ऋतुत्वमार्त्तवत्वञ्च पितृत्वञ्च प्रकीर्तितम्। इत्येते पितरो ज्ञेया ऋतवश्चार्त्तवाश्च ये ।। ३०.

Seasonhood, functionhood, and fatherhood are described; thus, these are to be known as the fathers, the seasons, and the functions.

सर्वभूतानि तेभ्योऽथ ऋतुकालाद्विजज्ञिरे। तस्मादेतेऽपि पितर आर्त्तवा इति नः श्रुतम् ।। ३०.

All beings are born from them, from the time of the seasons; therefore, these functions are also called fathers, as we have heard.

मन्वन्तरेषु सर्वेषु स्थिताः कालाभिमानिनः। स्थानाभिमानिनो ह्येते तिष्ठन्तीह प्रसंयमात् ।। ३०.

In all the cycles of Manu, those who identify with time remain; those who identify with stations also remain here through restraint.

अग्निष्वात्ता बर्हिषदः पितरो द्विविधाः स्मृताः। जज्ञाते च पितृभ्यस्तु द्वे कन्ये लोकविश्रुते ।। ३०.

The fathers are remembered as of two kinds: Agniṣvāttas and Barhiṣads; and from the fathers were born two daughters, renowned in the worlds.

मेना च धारिणी चैव याभ्यां विश्वमिदं धृतम्। पितरस्ते निजे कन्ये धर्मार्थं प्रददुः शुभे। त उभे व्रह्मवादिन्यौ योगिन्यौ चैव ते उभे ।। ३०.

Menā and Dhāriṇī, by whom this universe is sustained; the fathers gave their own daughters for righteousness and prosperity. Both were versed in Brahman and were yoginis.

अग्निष्वात्तास्तु ये प्रोक्तास्तेषां मेना तु मानसी। धारणी मानसी चैव कन्या बर्हिषदां स्मृता ।। ३०.

Of those called Agniṣvāttas, Menā is their mind-born daughter; Dhāraṇī is also mind-born, and is remembered as the daughter of the Barhiṣads.

मेरोस्तु धारणीं नाम पत्न्यर्थं व्यसृजन् शुभाम्। पितरस्ते बर्हिषदः स्मृता ये सोमपीथिनः ।। ३०.

For Meru, they produced Dhāraṇī by name, a virtuous wife; the fathers called Barhiṣads are those who drink Soma.

अग्निष्वात्तास्तु तां मेनां पत्नीं हिमवते ददुः। स्मृतास्ते वै तु दौहित्रास्तद्दौहित्रान् निबोधत ।। ३०.

The Agniṣvāttas gave Menā as wife to Himavat; they are remembered as grandsons, so listen to those grandsons.

मेना हिमवतः पत्नी मैनाकं सान्वसूयत। गङ्गा सरिद्वरा चैव पत्नी या लवणो दधेः। मैनाकस्यानुजः क्रौञ्चः क्रौञ्चद्वीपो यतः स्मृतः ।। ३०.

Menā, wife of Himavat, gave birth to Maināka along with others; and Gaṅgā, the best of rivers, was his wife, whom Lavaṇa married. Maināka's younger brother is Krauñca, from whom the Krauñca island is remembered.

मेरोस्तु धारणी पत्नी दिव्यौषधिसमन्वितम्। मन्दरं सुषुवे पुत्रं तिस्रः कन्याश्च विश्रुताः ।। ३०.

Dhāraṇī, wife of Meru, endowed with divine herbs, gave birth to Mandara as a son, and three renowned daughters.