Vayu Purana

धनूंषि चैव चत्वारि शाखारथ्यास्तु तैः कृताः। गृहरथ्योपरथ्याश्च द्विकाश्चाप्युपरथ्यकाः

The branch lanes are made four bows wide; the house lanes and sub-lanes are two, and the smaller sub-lanes are also two.

घण्टापथश्चतुष्पादस्त्रिपदञ्च गृहान्तरम्। वृत्तिमार्गास्त्वर्द्धपदं प्राग्वंशः पदिकः स्मृतः

The bell road is four feet, the three-foot way is between houses; the circular roads are half a foot, and the eastern row is called a footpath.

अवस्करं परीवाहं पदमात्रंसमन्ततः। कृतेषु तेषु स्थानेषु पुनस्वक्रुर्गृहाणि वै

A drainage channel surrounds the area, measuring one foot all around; when these places are established, the householder should then build his houses.

यथा ते पूर्वमासन्वै वृक्षास्तु गृहसंस्थिताः। तथा कर्तुं समारब्धाश्चिन्तयित्वा पुनः पुनः

Just as the trees were formerly established in houses, so they began to arrange them again, reflecting repeatedly.

वृक्षाश्चैवगताः शाखा न ताश्चैव परागताः। अत ऊर्द्ध्वंगता श्चान्या एवं तिर्य्यग्गताः पुरा

And the trees had branches that extended, but those did not go elsewhere; from there, some went upward, and others went sideways as before.

बुद्ध्वाऽन्विष्यस्तथा न्यायो वृक्षशाखा यथा गताः। तथा कृतास्तु तैः शाखास्तस्माच्छालास्तु ताः स्मृताः

Understanding and investigating in this way the manner in which the branches of trees spread, they made similar branches, and therefore those are called halls.

एवं प्रसिद्धाः शाखाभ्यः शालाश्चैव गृहाणि च। तस्मात्ता वैस्मृताः शालाः शालात्वं चैव तासु तत्

Thus, from the branches, halls and houses became well known; therefore, those are remembered as halls, and their nature as halls is established in them.

प्रसीदति मनस्तासु मनः प्रसादयन्ति ताः। तस्माद्गृहाणि शालाश्च प्रासादाश्चैव संज्ञिताः

The mind delights in them, and they bring joy to the mind; therefore, houses, halls, and palaces are so designated.

कृत्वा द्वन्द्वोपघातांस्तान् वार्त्तोपायमचिन्तयन्। नष्टेषु मधुना सार्द्धं कल्पवृक्षेषु वै तदा। विषादव्याकुलास्तावै प्रजास्तृष्णाक्षुधात्मिकाः

Having caused those mutual conflicts and considering means of livelihood, when the wish-fulfilling trees along with honey were lost, the people then became distressed with sorrow, thirst, and hunger.

ततः प्रादुर्बभौ तासां सिद्धिस्त्रेतायुगे पुनः। वार्तार्थसाधिकाप्यन्या वृत्तिस्तासां हि कामतः

Then, in the Treta Yuga, success appeared again for them; another means of livelihood arose for them, fulfilling their desires.

तासां वृष्ट्युदकानीह यानि निम्नैर्गतानि तु। वृष्ट्या तदभावत्स्रोतः खातानि निम्नगाः स्मृताः

The waters from the rains that flowed into the lowlands became streams through the rainfall, and those excavated channels are known as rivers.

एवं नद्यः प्रवृत्तास्तु द्वितीये वृष्टिसर्ज्जने। ये परस्तादपां स्तोका आपन्नाः पॄथिवीतले

Thus, rivers began to flow in the second creation of rain; those small quantities of water that had reached the earth earlier.

अपाम्भूमेश्च संयोगादोषध्यस्तासु चाभवन्। पुष्पमूलफलिन्यस्तु ओषध्यस्ताः प्रजज्ञिरे

From the union of water and earth, plants arose there; and among them, those herbs bearing flowers, roots, and fruits were produced.

अफालकृष्टाश्चानुप्ता ग्राम्याऽरण्याश्चतुर्दश। ऋतुपुष्पफलाश्चैव वृक्षा गुल्माश्च जज्ञिरे

Unploughed and unsown, both domestic and wild—fourteen kinds—trees and shrubs bearing flowers and fruits in season were born.

प्रादुर्भावश्च त्रेतायां वार्त्तायामौषधस्य तु। तैनौषधेन वर्त्तन्ते प्रजास्त्रेतायुगे तदा

And in the Treta Yuga, the appearance of herbs for livelihood occurred; with those herbs, people then sustained themselves in the Treta Yuga.

ततः पुनरभूत्तासां रागो लोभश्च सर्वशः। अवश्यम्भाविनार्थेन त्रेतायुगवशेन तु

Then again, passion and greed arose among them entirely, due to the inevitable circumstances of the Treta Yuga.

ततस्ताः पर्यगृह्णन्त नदीक्षेत्राणि पर्वतान्। वृक्षान् गुलर्मौषधीश्चैव प्रसह्य तु यथाबलम्

Then they seized rivers, fields, mountains, trees, shrubs, and herbs by force, each according to their strength.

सिद्धात्मानस्तु ये पूर्वं व्याख्याताः प्राकृते मया। ब्रह्मणा मानवास्ते वै उत्पन्ना योजनादिह

Those perfected beings who were previously described by me as natural, they were born here through the arrangement of Brahma.

शान्ताश्च सुष्मिणश्चैव कर्मिणो दुःखिनस्तदा। ततः प्रवर्त्तमानास्ते त्रेतायां जर्ज्ञिरे पुनः

Peaceful, gentle, and active, yet afflicted with suffering, they began to manifest again in the Treta Yuga.

ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्याः शूद्रा द्रोहिजनास्तथा। भाविताः पूर्वजातीषु कर्मभिश्च शुभाशुभैः

Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Shudras, and also those of hostile nature were formed according to their previous births and by their good and bad deeds.

इतस्तेभ्यो बला ये तु सत्यशीला ह्यहिंसकाः। वीतलोभा जितात्मानो निवसन्ति स्म तेषु वै

Among them, those who were stronger, truthful, non-violent, free from greed, and self-controlled dwelled among them.

प्रतिगृह्णन्ति कुर्वन्ति तेभ्यश्चान्येऽल्पतेजसः। एवं विप्रतिपन्नेषु प्रपन्नेषु परस्परम्

They receive and make offerings, and others of lesser energy do likewise among themselves when they are in conflict and discord.

तेन दोषेण तेषां ता ओषध्यो मिषतां तदा। प्रणष्टा ह्रियमाणा वै मुष्टिब्यां सिकता यथा

Because of that fault, their plants vanished before their eyes, being taken away, just like sand seized by the fist.

अग्रसद्भूर्युगबलाद्ग्राम्यारण्याश्चतुर्दश। फलं गृह्णन्ति पुष्पैश्च पुष्वं पत्रैश्च याः पुनः

Then, due to the strength of many ages, the fourteen types of cultivated and wild plants, those bearing fruit, flowers, and leaves, were seized.

ततस्तासु प्रणष्टासु विभ्रान्तास्ताः प्रजास्तदा। स्वयम्भुवं प्रभुं जग्मुः क्षुधाविष्टाः प्रजापतिम्

When those plants had perished, the creatures became bewildered; afflicted by hunger, they went to the self-born Lord, the Lord of creatures.

वृत्त्यर्थमभि लिप्सन्त आदौ त्रेतायुगस्य तु। ब्रह्मा स्वयम्भूर्भगवान् ज्ञात्वा तासां मनीषितम्

Desiring a means of subsistence at the beginning of the Tretā age, the blessed self-born Brahmā, knowing their intention,

युक्तं प्रत्यक्षदृष्टेन दर्शनेन विचार्य च। ग्रस्ताः पृथिव्या ओषध्यो ज्ञात्वा प्रत्यदुहत्पुनः

Having considered what was appropriate by direct perception and reasoning, and knowing that the plants had been consumed by the earth, he milked the earth again.

कृत्वा वत्सं सुमेरुं तु दुदोह पृथिवीमिमाम्। दुग्धेयं गौस्तदा तेन बीजानि पृथिवीतले

Making Mount Sumeru the calf, he milked this earth; thus, this earth became as a cow to be milked, and seeds appeared upon the surface of the earth.

जज्ञिरे तानि बीजानि ग्राम्यारण्यास्तु ताः पुनः। ओषध्यः फलपाकान्ताः सप्तसप्तदशास्तु ताः

Those seeds were produced, both cultivated and wild; those plants, bearing fruit at maturity, were seven and then seventeen in number.