Vayu Purana

षड्जर्षभौ च गान्धारो मध्यमः पञ्चमस्तथा। धैवतश्चापि विज्ञेयस्तथा चापि निषादवान् ।। २४.

The notes are Ṣaḍja, Ṛṣabha, Gāndhāra, Madhyama, Pañcama, Dhaivata, and Niṣāda—these should be understood as such.

सौवीरी मध्यमग्रामो हरिणास्या तथैव च। स्यात्कलोपबलोपेता चतुर्थी शुद्धमध्यमा ।। २४.

The Madhyama scale includes Sauvīrī and Hariṇāsyā, and the fourth, pure Madhyamā, is endowed with time and strength.

शार्ङ्गी च पावनी चैव दृष्टाका च यथाक्रमम्। म्ध्यमग्रामिकीः ख्याताः षड्जग्रामं निबोधत ।। २४.

Śārṅgī, Pāvanī, and Dṛṣṭākā, in that order, are known as Madhyamagrāma modes; now listen to the Ṣaḍjagrāma.

उत्तरमन्द्रा रजनी तथा या चोत्तरायता। शुद्धषड्जा तथा चैव जानीयात् सप्तमां च ताम् ।। २४.

Uttaramandrā, Rajanī, and Uttarāyatā, as well as pure Ṣaḍjā, and the seventh, should be known as such.

गान्धारग्रामि कांश्चान्यान् कीर्त्यमानान् निबोधत। आग्निष्टोमिकमाद्यन्तु द्वितीयं वाजपेयिकम् ।। २४.

Now hear of the other Gāndhāra scales being mentioned: the first is Āgniṣṭomika, the second is Vājapeyika.

तृतीयं पौण्ड्रकं प्रोक्तं चतुर्थं चाश्वमेधिकम्। पञ्चमं राजसूयं व षष्ठं चक्रसुवर्णकम् ।। २४.

The third is called Pauṇḍraka, the fourth Āśvamedhika, the fifth Rājasūya, and the sixth Cakrasuvarṇaka.

सप्तमं गोसवं नाम महावृष्टिकमष्टमम्। ब्रह्मदानञ्च नवमं प्राजापत्यमनन्तरम् ।। २४.

The seventh is called Gosava, the eighth Mahāvṛṣṭika, the ninth Brahmadāna, and next is Prājāpatya.

नागपक्षाश्रयं विद्याद्गोतरञ्च तथैव च। हयक्रान्तं मृगक्रान्तं विष्णुक्रान्तं मनोहरम् ।। २४.

Know also Nāgapakṣāśraya and Gotara, as well as Hayakrānta, Mṛgakrānta, and the delightful Viṣṇukrānta.

सूर्य्यक्रान्तं वरेण्यञ्च मत्तकोकिलवादिनम्। सावित्रमर्द्धसावित्रं सर्व्वतो मद्रमेव च ।। २४.

Sūryakrānta, Vareṇya, and the one sung by the intoxicated cuckoo; Sāvitra, half-Sāvitra, and Madrama in all directions.

सुवर्णञ्च सुतन्द्रञ्च विष्णुवैष्णुवरावुभौ। सागरं विजयञ्चैव सर्वभूतमनोहरम् ।। २४.

Suvarṇa, Sutandra, both Viṣṇu and Vaiṣṇuvara; Sāgara and Vijaya, all enchanting to all beings.

हंसं ज्येष्ठं विजानीमस्तुम्बुरुप्रियमेव च। मनोहरमधात्र्यञ्च गन्धर्वानुगतश्च यः ।। २४.

Haṃsa, Jyeṣṭha, and Tumburu's favorite; the delightful Madhātrya, and the one accompanied by Gandharvas.

अलम्बुषेष्टश्च तथा नारदप्रिय एव च। कथितो भीमसेनेन नागराणां यथा प्रियः ।। २४.

Also, the one dear to Alambuṣā, and the one favored by Nārada; as told by Bhīmasena, the one beloved of the Nāgas.

करोपनीत विनता श्रीराख्यो भार्गवप्रियः। विंशतिर्मध्यमग्रामः षड्जग्रामश्चतुर्द्दश ।। २४.

Karopanīta, Vinatā, Śrīrākhya, dear to Bhṛgu; twenty are of the Madhyamagrāma, and fourteen of the Ṣaḍjagrāma.

तथा पञ्चदशेच्छन्ति गान्धारग्रामसंस्थितान् । ससौवीरा तु गान्धारी ब्रह्मणा ह्युपगीयते ।। २४.

Likewise, fifteen desire those settled in the Gandhara villages; Gandhari, together with Sauvira, is indeed praised by Brahma.

उत्तरादिस्वरस्यैव ब्रह्मा वै देवताऽत्र च। हरिदेशसमुत्पन्ना हरिणास्या व्यजायत। मूर्च्छना हरिणास्यैव अस्या इन्द्रोऽधिदैवतम् ।। २४.

Of the northern tone, Brahma is the deity here; born in the land of Hari, Hari's mouth produced it; the modulation is of Hari's mouth, and Indra is its presiding deity.

करोपनीतवितता मरुद्भिः स्वरमण्डले। सा कलोपनता तस्मान्मारुतश्चात्र दैवतम् ।। २४.

Spread and brought forth by the Maruts in the realm of sound, it is thus brought forth in the age, and Marut is the deity here.

मनुदेशसमुत्पन्ना मूर्च्छना शुद्धमध्यम्। मध्यमोऽत्र स्वरः शुद्धो गन्धर्व्वश्चात्र देवता ।। २४.

Born in the land of Manu, the modulation is pure Madhyama; here, the pure Madhyama tone, and Gandharva is the deity.

मृगैः सह सञ्चरते सिद्धानां मार्गदर्शने। यस्मात्तस्मात् स्मृता मार्गी मृगेन्द्रोऽस्याश्च देवता ।। २४.

It moves together with deer, showing the path for the Siddhas; therefore, it is called Margi, and Mrigendra is its deity.

सा चाश्रमसमायुक्ता अनेकान् पौरवान् रवान्। मूर्च्छना योजना ह्येषा रजसा रजनी ततः ।। २४.

It is associated with hermitages, and many Pauravas and Ravas; this modulation is the union, and thus night is with dust.

ताल उत्तरमन्द्रांशः षड्जदैवतकां विदुः। तस्मादुत्तरतालञ्च प्रथमं स्वायतं विदुः। तस्मादुत्तरमन्द्रोऽयं देवतास्य ध्रुवो ध्रुवम् ।। २४.

The tala is known as Uttaramandra, with six deities; therefore, the first Uttaratala is known as extended; thus, Uttaramandra is here, and its deity is Dhruva.

अपानादुत्तरत्वाच्च धैवतस्योत्तरायणः। स्यादियं मूर्च्छना ह्येवं पितरः श्राद्धदेवताः ।। २४.

Because of its northernness from Apana and of Dhaivata, this modulation is thus; the Pitrs are the deities for the rites to ancestors.

शुद्धषड्जस्वरं कृत्वा यस्मादग्निं महर्षयः। उपतिष्ठन्ति तस्मात्तं जानीयाच्छुद्धषड्‌जिकम् ।। २४.

By establishing the pure Shadja tone, the great sages worship Agni; therefore, know this as pure Shadja.

यः सतां मूर्च्छनां कृत्वा पञ्चमस्वरको भवेत् । यक्षीणां मूर्च्छना सा तु याक्षिका मूर्च्छना स्मृता ।। २४.

Whoever, having made the modulation of the virtuous, becomes the fifth tone; that modulation of the Yakshas is known as Yakshika modulation.

नागदृष्टिर्विषा गीता नोपसर्पन्ति मूर्च्छनाम्। भवन्तीव हृता ह्येते ब्रह्मणा नागदेवताः। अहीनां मूर्च्छना ह्येषा वरुणश्चात्र देवता ।। २४.

The vision of the Nagas is poison; songs do not approach the modulation; these are indeed taken away by Brahma, and the Nagas are the deities; this is the modulation of the serpents, and Varuna is the deity here.

शकुन्तकानां कृत्वा च उपमां यान्ति किन्नराः । उत्तमां मूर्च्छना तस्मात् पक्षिराजोऽत्र देवता ।। २४.

By making a comparison with birds, the Kinnaras attain; therefore, the highest modulation, and the king of birds is the deity here.

गान्धाररागशब्देन गां च धारयतेऽर्थतः। तस्माद्विशुद्धगान्धारी गन्धर्वश्चाधिदैवतम् ।। २४.

By the sound of Gandhara melody, it sustains the earth in meaning; therefore, the pure Gandhari, and Gandharva is the presiding deity.

गान्धारानन्तरं गत्वा सृष्टेयं मूर्च्छना यतः। तस्मादुत्तरगान्धारी वसवश्चात्र देवताः ।। २४.

Having gone after Gandhara, this modulation is created; therefore, Uttara Gandhari, and the Vasus are the deities here.

सेयं खलु महाभूता पितामह मुपस्थिता। षड्जेयं मूर्च्छना तस्मात् स्मृता ह्यनलदेवता ।। २४.

This indeed is the great element, established by the grandfather; therefore, this modulation of Shadja is remembered as having Agni as its deity.

दिव्येयं चायता तेन मन्दषष्ठा च मूर्च्छने। निवृत्तगुणनामानं पञ्चमञ्चात्र धैवतम् ।। २४.

This is divine and extended, thus the modulation is slow sixth; those named with ceased qualities, and the fifth here is Dhaivata.