Vayu Purana

कितवो मद्यपो यक्ष्मी पशुपालो निराकृतिः। ग्रामप्रेष्यो वार्द्धुषिको गायनो वणिजस्तथा ।। २१.

A gambler, a drunkard, one afflicted with consumption, a herdsman, one of bad appearance, a village messenger, a trader in goods, a singer, and a merchant—

अगारदाही गरदः कुण्डाशी सोमविक्रयी। समुद्रयायी दुश्चर्मा तैलिकः कूटकारकः ।। २१.

One who burns houses, a poisoner, one who eats from a common vessel, a seller of soma, a sea voyager, one who deals in skins, an oil merchant, and a maker of counterfeit goods—

पित्रा विवदमानश्च यस्य चोपपतिर्गृहे। अभिशस्तस्तथा स्तेनः शिल्पैर्यश्चोपजीवति ।। २१.

One who quarrels with his father, one whose wife is unchaste at home, one who is cursed, a thief, and one who makes a living by crafts—

सूजकः पर्वकारी च यस्तु मित्रेषु द्रुह्यति। गणयाचनकश्चैव नास्तिको वेदवर्जितः ।। २१.

A matchmaker, one who performs forbidden acts on festival days, one who betrays friends, a professional beggar, an atheist, and one devoid of Vedic knowledge—

उन्मत्तः षण्डकशठौ भ्रूणहा गुरुतल्पगः । भिषक्‌जीवः प्रैषणिकः परस्त्रीं यश्च गच्छति ।। २१.

One who is insane, a eunuch, a slanderer, a killer of a fetus, one who violates the teacher’s bed, a physician who lives by his practice, a messenger, and one who goes to another man's wife—

विक्रीणाति च यो ब्रह्म व्रतानि च तपांसि च। नष्टं स्यान्नास्तिके दत्तं कृतघ्ने चैव शंसके ।। २१.

One who sells the Veda, vows, or austerities; what is given to an atheist, an ingrate, or a slanderer is lost.

यच्च वाणिजके चैव नेह नामुत्र तद्भवेत्। निक्षेपहारिणे चैव कितवे वेदनिन्दके ।। २१.

And whatever is given to a merchant here yields no result either here or hereafter; nor to one who misappropriates deposits, a gambler, or a reviler of the Veda.

तथा वाणिजके चैव कारुके धर्म्मवर्जिते। निन्दन् क्रीणाति पण्यानि विक्रीणंश्च प्रशंसति ।। २१.

Likewise, to a merchant, an artisan devoid of righteousness, one who disparages goods when buying and praises them when selling—

अनृतस्य समावासो न वणिक् श्राद्धमर्हति। भस्म नीव हुतं हव्यं दत्तं पौनर्भवे द्विजे ।। २१.

One who dwells in falsehood, or a merchant, is not worthy of śrāddha. An offering made to a remarried twice-born is like ashes; it is fruitless.

षष्टिं काणः शतं षण्डः श्वित्री यावत् प्रपश्यति। पापरोगी सहस्रस्य दातुर्नाशयते फलम् ।। २१.

A one-eyed man destroys the fruit of sixty donors, a eunuch that of a hundred, a leper as long as he is seen; a man afflicted with evil disease destroys the fruit of a thousand donors.

भ्रश्यते सत्फलात्तस्माद्दाता यस्य तु बालिशः। यो वेष्टितशिरा भुङ्क्ते यो भुङ्क्ते दक्षिणामुखः ।। २१.

Therefore, the donor loses the good fruit if he is foolish; one who eats with his head covered, or facing south, also loses it.

सोपानत्कश्च यो भुङ्क्ते यच्च दद्यात्तिरस्कृतम् । सर्वं तदसुरेन्द्राणां ब्रह्मा भागमकल्पयत् ।। २१.

One who eats with sandals on, or gives with disrespect, all such offerings the Lord of the Asuras appropriates as his share.

श्वानश्च यातुधानाश्च नावेक्षेरन् कथञ्चन। तस्मात्परिवृतिं दद्यात्तिलैश्चान्ववकीरयन् ।। २१.

Dogs and demons must never be allowed to see (the rite) in any way; therefore, one should make a protective circle with sesame seeds scattered around.

राक्षसानां तिलाः प्रोक्ताः शुनां परिवृतिस्तथा। दर्शनात्सूकरो हन्ति पक्षपातेन कुक्कुटः ।। २१.

Sesame seeds are said to belong to the demons, and the protective circle to the dogs; by sight, a boar destroys, and by partiality, a cock does so.

रजस्वलानुस्पर्शेन क्रुद्धो यश्च प्रयच्छति। यस्य मित्रप्रदे यानि श्राद्धानि च हवींषि च। न प्रीणाति पितॄन् देवान् स्वर्गं न च स गच्छति ।। २१.

By contact with a menstruous woman, or if given in anger, or if offerings are made at the urging of a friend, neither the ancestors nor the gods are pleased, nor does one attain heaven.

नदीतीरेषु रम्येषु सरित्सु च सरस्सु च। विविक्तेषु च प्रीयन्ते दत्तेनेह पितामहाः ।। २१.

On beautiful riverbanks, in streams, and in lakes, and in secluded places, the ancestors are pleased by what is given here.

न चाश्रुं पातयेज्जातु न युक्तो वाचमीरयेत्। न च कुर्वीत भुञ्जानो ह्यन्योऽन्यं मत्सरस्तदा ।। २१.

One should never shed tears, nor utter improper words, nor, while eating, harbor jealousy toward one another at that time.

अपसव्ये कृते तेन विधिवद्दर्भपाणिना । पित्र्यमानिधनं कार्यमेवं प्रीणाति वै पितॄन् ।। २१.

When the leftward rite is performed properly with darbha grass in hand, the funeral offering to the ancestors should be made; in this way, one truly pleases the forefathers.

अनुमत्यादितो विप्रानग्नौ कुर्याद्यथाविधि। पितॄणां निर्व्वपेद्भूमौ शूर्पे वा दर्भसंस्तरे ।। २१.

Beginning with the Anumati rite, one should offer to the Brahmins in the fire according to rule; for the ancestors, one should deposit (the offerings) on the ground, or on a winnowing basket, or on a darbha grass mat.

शुक्लपक्षस्य पूर्व्वाह्ने श्राद्धं कुर्याद्विचक्षणः। कृष्णपक्षेऽपराह्ने तु रौहिणं न विलङ्घयेत् ।। २१.

A discerning person should perform the śrāddha in the forenoon of the bright fortnight; in the dark fortnight, it should be done in the afternoon, and one should not transgress the rule of the Rohiṇī star.

एवमेते महात्मानो महा योगा महौजसः। सदा वै पितरः पूज्या द्रष्टारो देशकालयोः ।। २१.

Thus, these great souls, endowed with great yoga and great energy, are always to be honored as ancestors, perceivers of place and time.

पितृभक्तिरतो नित्यं योगं प्राप्नोत्यनुत्तमम्। ध्यानेन मोक्षं गच्छन्ति हित्वा कर्म शुभाशुभम् ।। २१.

Therefore, through constant devotion to the ancestors, one attains the highest yoga; by meditation, they reach liberation, abandoning both good and bad actions.

यज्ञहेतोर्यदुद्धृत्य मोहयित्वा जगत्तदा। गुहायां निहतं योगं कश्यपेन महात्मना ।। २१.

For the sake of sacrifice, when the great-souled Kaśyapa, having bewildered the world, withdrew the secret yoga and concealed it in a cave—

अमृतं गुह्यमृद्धृत्य योगं योगविदां वर। प्रोक्तं सनत्कुमारेण महत्तद्धर्म्मशाश्वतम् ।। २१.

Having withdrawn the secret nectar, the supreme yoga, the best among knowers of yoga, Sanatkumāra, declared this great and eternal dharma.

देवानां परमं गुह्यमृषीणां च परायणम्। पितृभक्त्या प्रयत्नेन पितृभक्तैश्च नित्यशः ।। २१.

This is the supreme secret of the gods and the ultimate goal of the sages; through devotion to the ancestors and with effort, and by those devoted to the ancestors, always.

तञ्च योगं समासेन पितृभक्तस्तु कृत्स्नशः। प्रयत्नात्प्राप्नुयात्तत्र सर्वमेव न संशयः ।। २१.

And that yoga, in brief, the devotee of the ancestors may attain completely through effort; there is no doubt that all is obtained therein.

यस्मै श्राद्धानि देयानि यच्च दत्तं महाफलम्। येषु वाप्यक्षयं श्राद्धं तीर्थषु च नदीषु च । येषु च स्वर्गमाप्नोति तत्ते प्रोक्तं ससंग्रहम् ।। २१.

To whom śrāddhas should be given, and what gifts yield great fruit; in whom śrāddha is inexhaustible, in holy places and rivers, and where one attains heaven—this has been explained to you in summary.

बृहस्पतिरुवाच।। श्रुत्वैवं श्राद्धकल्पं तु योऽसूयां कुरुते नरः। स मज्जेन्नरके घोरे नास्तिकस्तमसावृतः ।। २१.

Bṛhaspati said: Whoever, having heard this śrāddha ordinance, harbors envy, that man, covered in darkness, falls into a terrible hell as an unbeliever.

महारोगावसायस्तु स यः संयतमानसः। वेदाश्रमान्मुक्तचित्तः कुम्भीका नधिगच्छति। जिह्वाच्छेदं स्तेनमेत्य प्राप्नुयुस्तेन चैव ह ।। २१.

He who, though afflicted with great disease, has a restrained mind and is freed from the Vedic stages of life, does not attain the Kumbhīpāka hell; but those who cut the tongue or steal, surely reach it.