Vayu Purana

तस्मादतिथये देयं भोजयेद्ब्रह्मचारिणम्। ध्याननिष्ठाय दातव्यं सानुक्रोशाय धार्मिकम् ।। १७.

Therefore, one should give to a guest, feed a celibate student, and give to one devoted to meditation, to one compassionate and righteous.

यतिं वा वालखिल्यान् वा भोजयेच्छ्राद्धकर्म्मणि। वानप्रस्थोपकुर्व्वाणः पूजामात्रेण तोषितः ।। १७.

One may feed an ascetic or the Vālakhilyas at a śrāddha; the forest-dweller, if present, is satisfied with mere honor.

गृहस्थं भोजयेद्यस्तु विश्वेदेवास्तु पूजिताः। वानप्रस्थेन ऋषयो वालखिल्यैः पुरन्दरः ।। १७.

He who feeds a householder causes the Viśvedevas to be worshipped; by the forest-dweller, the sages are satisfied, and by the Vālakhilyas, Indra.

यतीनां पूजने चापि साक्षाद्ब्रह्मा तु पूजितः। आश्रमाः पावनाः पञ्च उपधाभिरनाश्रमाः ।। १७.

And in the worship of ascetics, Brahma himself is worshipped; the five āśramas are purifying, but those outside the āśramas, with false marks, are not.

चत्वार आश्रमाः पूज्याः श्राद्धे दैवे तथैव च। चतुराश्रमबाह्येभ्यः श्राद्धं नैव प्रदापयेत् ।। १७.

The four āśramas are to be honored at śrāddhas and also at divine rites; one should not have śrāddha performed by those outside the four āśramas.

स तिष्ठेद्वा बुभुक्षुस्तु चतुराश्रमबाह्यतः। अयति र्मोक्षवादी च उभौ तौ पङ्क्तिदूषकौ ।। १७.

If someone, though hungry, remains outside the four āśramas, or is an undisciplined or false renouncer, both are defilers of the line.

वृथामुण्डाश्च जटिलाः सर्वे कार्प्पटिकास्तथा। निर्घृणान् भिन्नवृत्तांश्च सर्वभक्षान् विवर्जयेत् ।। १७.

One should avoid all those who are shaven-headed in vain, those with matted hair, all who wear rags, the cruel, those of deviant conduct, and those who eat anything.

कारुकादीननाचारान् सर्ववेदबहिष्कृतान्। गायनान् देववृत्तांश्च हव्यकव्येषु वर्जयेत् ।। १७.

One should avoid, in offerings to gods and ancestors, those who are singers, dancers, actors, those excluded from all the Vedas, and those who recite divine stories.

द्विजेष्वपि कृतं नित्यं श्राद्धकर्म्मणि वर्जयेत् ।। १७.

Even if they are twice-born, those who perform such acts should always be excluded from the śrāddha rite.

एतेषु वर्त्तते यश्च कृत्स्ववर्णं स गच्छति। योऽश्नाति सह शूद्रेण सर्वे ते पङ्क्तिदूषकाः ।। १७.

Whoever engages in these practices loses their entire caste status; and all who eat together with a Śūdra are defilers of the ritual line.

व्यापादनं शक्तिनिबर्हणं कृषिर्वाणिज्यकार्य्यं पशुपालनं च। शुश्रूषणं वाप्यगुरो रहो वा कार्य्यं नैतद्विद्यते ब्राह्मणस्य ।। १७.

For a brāhmaṇa, there is no proper occupation in killing, restraining by force, agriculture, trade, cattle-keeping, serving a non-brāhmaṇa, or secret work.

ये तु विप्राः स्थिता नित्यं ज्ञानिनो ध्यानिनस्तथा। मिथ्यासङ्कल्पिनः सर्वे दुर्वृत्ता वा द्विजातयः ।। १७.

Those brāhmaṇas who are always established in knowledge and meditation, but are false in resolve or of bad conduct, are all to be considered fallen twice-born.

मिथ्यातत्त्वविदो वर्ज्ज्यास्तथा दम्भविषूचकाः। उपपातकसंयुक्ताः पातकैश्च विशेषतः ।। १७.

Those who know false doctrines, who are hypocrites and deceivers, who are associated with minor or major sins, are to be avoided.

वेदे नियोगदातारो लोभमोहफलार्थिनः। ब्रह्मविक्रयिणश्चैव श्राद्धकर्म्मणि वर्जिताः ।। १७.

Those who assign Vedic recitation for hire, who seek gain from greed or delusion, and those who sell the Veda, are to be excluded from the śrāddha rite.

न नियोगोऽस्ति वेदानां यो नियुङ्क्ते स पापकृत्। भोक्ता वेदफलाद्भ्रश्येद्दाता दानफलात्तथा ।। १७.

There is no hiring out of the Vedas; whoever does so commits sin. The one who enjoys the fruit of the Veda loses its reward, and the giver loses the merit of his gift.

भृतोऽध्यापयते यस्तु भृतकाध्यापितस्तु यः । नार्हतस्तावपि श्राद्धं ब्रह्मणः क्रियविक्रयी ।। १७.

He who teaches for hire, and he who learns for hire, both are unfit for the śrāddha; for they make a trade of sacred rites.

क्रयविक्रयिणौ चैव जीवितार्थं विगर्हितौ। वृत्तिरेषा तु वैश्यस्य ब्राह्मणस्य तु पातकम् ।। १७.

Both buyer and seller, when doing so for livelihood, are to be condemned; this is the occupation of a Vaiśya, but for a brāhmaṇa it is a sin.

प्राहुर्वेदान् वेदविदो वेदान् यश्चोपजीवति १७.

Those who know the Vedas declare that whoever lives off the Vedas is likewise condemned.

वृथा दारांश्च यो गच्छेद्यो यजेत वृथाध्वरे। नार्हतस्तावपि श्राद्धं द्विजो यश्चैव नास्तिकः ।। १७.

Whoever approaches another's wife without reason, or performs a sacrifice without purpose, is unfit for the śrāddha, as is the twice-born who is an atheist.

आत्मार्थं यः पचेदन्नं न देवातिथिकारकः। नार्हतस्तावपि श्राद्धं पतितौ ब्रह्मराक्षसौ ।। १७.

He who cooks food for himself alone, not for gods or guests, is unfit for the śrāddha, as are the fallen and the brahma-rākṣasa.

स्त्रियो नक्तंपरा येषां परदाररताश्च ये। अर्थकाम रताश्चैव न तान् श्राद्धेषु भोजयेत् ।। १७.

Those whose wives go out at night, those who delight in other men's wives, and those who are devoted to wealth and desire, should not be fed at śrāddha rites.

वर्णाश्रमाणां धर्म्मेषु विरुद्धाः श्राद्धकर्म्मणि। स्तेनश्च सर्वयाजी च सर्वे ते पङ्क्तिदूषकाः ।। १७.

Those who act against the duties of their varṇa or āśrama, the thief, and the professional sacrificer—all these are defilers of the ritual line at śrāddha.

यश्च सूकरवद्भुङ्क्ते यश्च पाणितले द्विजः। न तदश्नन्ति पितरो यश्च वामं समश्नुते ।। १७.

A person who eats like a pig, or a twice-born who eats from his hand, or who eats with his left hand—such food is not accepted by the ancestors.

स्त्रीशूद्रायानुपेताय श्राद्धोच्छिष्टं न दापयेत्। यो दद्या द्रागमोहात्तु न तद्गच्छेत्पितॄन्सदा ।। १७.

One should not give śrāddha leftovers to a woman, a Śūdra, or one who is uninitiated; if given out of haste or delusion, it never reaches the ancestors.

तस्मान्न देयमुच्छिष्टमन्नाद्यं श्राद्धकर्म्मणि। अन्यत्र दधिसर्पिर्भ्यां शिष्ये पुत्राय नान्यथा ।। १७.

Therefore, leftovers from food at the śrāddha should not be given, except for curds and ghee, and only to a disciple or son, not otherwise.

अनुच्छिष्टन्तु दातव्यमन्नाद्यं वै विशेषतः। पुष्पमूलफलैर्वापि तुष्टिं गच्छन्ति चान्नतः ।। १७.

One should especially give food and edibles that are not defiled by leftovers; satisfaction is also gained from flowers, roots, and fruits, but chiefly from food.

यावन्त्यन्नानि पूतानि यावदुष्णं न मुञ्चति। तावदश्नन्ति पितरो यावदश्नन्ति वाग्यताः ।। १७.

For as long as the food remains pure and does not lose its warmth, the ancestors partake of it, and for as long as those who are disciplined in speech eat.

दानं प्रतिग्रहो होमो भोजनं बलिरेव च। साङ्गुष्ठेन तथा कार्य्यं नासुरेभ्यो यथा भवेत् ।। १७.

Giving, receiving, oblation, eating, and offering should all be performed with the thumb, so that it is not as it would be for the asuras.

एतान्येव च सर्व्वाणि दानादीनि विशेषतः। अन्तर्जान्वविशेषेण तद्वदाचमनं भवेत् ।। १७.

All these acts—giving and the rest—should especially be performed with the fingers joined together; likewise, sipping water should be done in the same manner.