Vayu Purana

शाकल्ये चापि निर्वादे याज्ञवल्क्यस्तमब्रवीत् । प्रश्रमेकं ममापि त्वं वद शाकल्य कामिकम्। शापः पणोऽस्य वादस्य अब्रुवन् मृत्युमाव्रजेत् ।। ६०.

When Shakalya was defeated in debate, Yajnavalkya said to him: Now you must answer one question of mine, Shakalya, concerning desire. The wager for this debate, they say, is a curse—death would ensue.

अथ सन्नोदितं प्रश्रं याज्ञवल्क्येन धीमता । शाकल्यस्तमविज्ञाय सद्यो मृत्युमवाप्नुयात् ।। ६०.

Then, when the wise Yajnavalkya posed the question, Shakalya, unable to answer, immediately met his death.

एवं मृतः स शाकल्यः प्रश्रव्याख्यानपीडितः। एवं वादश्च सुमहानासीत्तेषां धनार्थिभिः। ऋषीणां मुनिभिः सार्द्धं याज्ञवल्क्यस्य चैव हि ।। ६०.

Thus Shakalya died, afflicted by his failure to explain the question. So great was the debate among those seekers of wealth, together with the sages and Yajnavalkya.

सर्वैः पृष्टांस्तु सम्प्रश्रान् शतशोऽथ सहस्रशः। व्याख्याय वै मुने तेषां प्रश्रसारं महागतिः ।। ६०.

Asked hundreds and thousands of questions by all, the sage explained them, attaining the highest essence of the questions.

याज्ञवल्क्यो धनं गृह्य यशो विख्याप्य चात्मनः। जगाम वै गृहं स्वस्थः शिष्यैः परिवृतो वशी ।। ६०.

Yajnavalkya, having taken the wealth and made his fame known, went home at ease, surrounded by his disciples, self-controlled.

देवमित्रस्तु शाकल्यो महात्मा द्विजसत्तमः। चकार संहिताः पञ्चबुद्धिमान् पदवित्तमः ।। ६०.

Devamitra Shakalya, the great-souled and eminent Brahmin, composed five collections, being wise and most skilled in words.

तच्छिष्या अभवन् पञ्च मुद्घलो गोलकस्तथा। खालीयश्च तथा मत्स्वः शैशिरेयस्तु पञ्चमः ।। ६०.

His five disciples were Mudghala, Golaka, Khalīya, Matsva, and the fifth was Shaishireya.

प्रोवाच संहितास्तिस्रः शाकपूर्णरथीतरः। निरुक्तञ्च पुनश्चक्रे चतुर्थं द्विजसत्तमः ।। ६०.

Shakapurnarathitara composed three collections, and again made the Nirukta as the fourth, O best of Brahmins.

तस्य शिष्यास्तु चत्वारः केतवो दालकिस्तथा। धर्मशर्मा देवशर्मा सर्वे व्रतधरा द्विजाः ।। ६०.

His disciples were four: Ketava, Dalaki, Dharmasharma, and Devasharma—all Brahmins devoted to vows.

शाकल्ये तु मृते सर्वे ब्रह्मघ्नास्ते बभूविरे। तदा चिन्तां परां प्राप्य गतास्ते ब्रह्मणोऽन्तिकम् ।। ६०.

When Śākalya died, all became slayers of Brahmins; then, seized by great anxiety, they went to Brahmā.

तान् ज्ञात्वा चेतसा ब्रह्मा प्रेषितः पवनःपुरे। तत्र गच्छत यूयं वःसद्यः पापं प्रणश्यति ।। ६०.

Knowing them in his mind, Brahmā sent them to the city of the Wind; 'Go there, and your sin will be destroyed at once.'

द्वादशार्कं नमस्कृत्या तथा वै वालुकेश्वरम् । एकादश तथा रुद्रान् वायुपुत्रं विशेषतः। कुण्डे चतुष्टये स्नात्वा ब्रह्महत्यां तरिष्यथ ।। ६०.

By worshipping the twelve Suns and likewise Vālukeśvara, and the eleven Rudras, especially the son of the Wind, and bathing in the four pools, you will cross over the sin of Brahmin-slaying.

सर्वे शीघ्रतरा भूत्वा तत्पुरं समुपागताः। स्नानं कृतं विधानेन देवानां दर्शनं कृतम् ।। ६०.

All, becoming very swift, reached that city; they performed the prescribed bath and had the vision of the gods.

उत्तरेश्वरं नमस्कृत्य वाडवानां प्रसादतः। सर्वे पापविनिर्मुक्ता गतास्ते सूर्यमण्डलम् ।। ६०.

By worshipping Uttareśvara, through the grace of the Vadavas, all were freed from sin and went to the solar orb.

तदा प्रभृति तत्तीर्थं जातं पातकनाशनम्। वायोः पुरं पवित्रञ्च वायुना निर्मितं पुरा ।। ६०.

From that time, that sacred place became a destroyer of sins; the city of the Wind, pure and holy, was created by Vāyu long ago.

अञ्जनागर्भसम्भूतहनुमान्पवनात्मजः। यदा जातो महादेवोहनुमान्सत्यविक्रमः। तदेवं निर्मितं तीर्थं वायुना ब्रह्मयोनिना ।। ६०.

Hanuman, born from Añjanā's womb and son of the Wind, when he was born, the great god Hanuman, true in valor, thus the sacred place was established by Vāyu, the source of Brahma.

ऊर्व्यां जातास्तु ये शूद्रा ब्राह्मणानां निवेदिताः। वृत्त्यर्थं ब्रह्मयज्ञार्थं करस्तेषु कृतो महान् ।। ६०.

Those Śūdras born on earth, presented to the Brahmins for livelihood and for the purpose of Brahma-sacrifice, a great hand was made among them.

अनेन विधिना जातं विप्राणां शासनं महत् । गोघ्नो वापि कृतघ्नो वा सुरापी गुरूतल्पगः। वाडादित्यं नमस्कृत्य सर्वपापैः प्रमुच्यते ।। ६०.

By this method, a great ordinance for the Brahmins was established; whether a killer of cows, a killer of men, a drinker of liquor, or one who approaches the teacher's bed—by worshipping Vādāditya, one is freed from all sins.

भारद्वाजो याज्ञवल्क्यो गालकिः सालकिस्तथा। धीमान् शतबलाकश्च नैगमश्च द्विजोत्तमः ।। ६१.

Bhāradvāja, Yājñavalkya, Gālaki, Sālaki, the wise Śatabalāka, and Naigama, the best of twice-born.

बाष्कलिश्च भरद्वाजस्तिस्रः प्रोवाच संहिताः। रथीतरो निरुक्तञ्च पुनश्चक्रे चतुर्थकम् ।। ६१.

Bāṣkali and Bhāradvāja spoke three collections; Rathītara composed the Nirukta and again made a fourth.

त्रयस्तस्याभवञ्छिष्या महात्मानो गुणान्विताः। धीमान्नन्दायनीयश्च पन्नगारिश्च बुद्धिमान्। तृतीयश्चार्यवस्ते च तपसा शंसितव्रताः ।। ६१.

Three disciples of his arose, great-souled and endowed with virtues: the wise Nandāyanīya, Pannagāri, intelligent, and the third Āryavasta, devoted to vows through austerity.

वीतरागा महातेजाः संहिताज्ञानपारगाः। इत्येते बह्वृचाः प्रोक्ताः संहिता यैः प्रवर्त्तिताः ।। ६१.

Free from passion, possessing great brilliance, accomplished in the knowledge of the collections—these are the Bahvṛcas, by whom the collections were established.

वैशम्पायनगोत्रोऽसौ यजुर्वेदं व्यकल्पयत्। षडशीतिश्च तस्यापि संहितानां विकल्पकाः ।। ६१.

Of the Vaiśampāyana lineage, he arranged the Yajurveda; and eighty-six were the compilers of its collections.

शिष्येभ्यः प्रददौ ताश्च जगृहुस्ते विधानतः। एकस्तत्र परित्यक्तो याज्ञवल्क्यो महातपाः। षडशीतिश्च तस्यापि संहितानां विकल्पकाः ।। ६१.

He gave those collections to his disciples, and they received them according to the rules; one was left out, Yājñavalkya, great in austerity; and eighty-six were the compilers of his collections as well.

सर्वेषामेव तेषां वै त्रिधा भेदाः प्रकीर्त्तिताः। त्रिधा भेदास्तु ते प्रोक्ता भेदेऽस्मिन्नवमे शुभे ।। ६१.

For all of them, threefold divisions are described; these threefold divisions are spoken of, in this ninth, auspicious division.

उदीच्या मध्यदेशाश्च प्राच्याश्चैव पृथग्विधाः। श्यामायनिरुदीच्यानां प्रधानः सम्बभूव ह ।। ६१.

Northern, central, and eastern, each with their own distinctions; Śyāmāyani became the chief among the northerners.

मध्य देशप्रतिष्ठानामारुणिः प्रथमः स्तुतः। आलम्बिरादिः प्राच्यानान्त्रयोदश्यादयस्तु ते ।। ६१.

Among those established in the central region, Āruṇi is praised as the foremost; among the easterners, Ālambir and others, thirteen in all, are the leaders.

इत्येते चरकाः प्रोक्ताः संहितावादिनो द्विजाः। ऋषय स्तद्वचः श्रुत्वा सूतं जिज्ञासवोऽब्रुवन् ।। ६१.

Thus these Carakas, who expound the Saṃhitā, have been described, O twice-born ones. The sages, having heard these words, questioned Sūta with curiosity.

चरकाध्वर्यवः केन कारणं ब्रूहि तत्त्वतः। किञ्चीर्णं कस्य हेतोश्च वाचकत्वञ्च भेजिरे। इत्युक्तः प्राह तेषां स चरकत्वमभूद्यथा ।। ६१.

Tell us truly, by what reason did the Carakas become Adhvaryus? What was done, for what cause, and why did they receive that designation? Thus addressed, he explained to them how the name 'Caraka' came to be.