Vayu Purana

तन्मात्राणि च सत्यञ्च ऋषन्ते ते महौजसः। सत्यर्षयस्ततस्ते वै परमाः सत्यदर्शनाः ।। ५९.

The subtle elements and truth are perceived by those of great energy; they are called truth-seers, and among them, the highest are those who see the supreme truth.

ऋषीणाञ्च सुतास्ते तु विज्ञेया ऋषिपुत्रकाः । ऋषन्ति वै श्रुतं यस्माद्विशेषांश्चैव तत्त्वतः। तस्मात् श्रुतर्षयस्तेऽपि श्रुतस्य परिदर्शनाः ।। ५९.

The sons of seers are to be known as the offspring of seers; because they have heard and truly understood the distinctions, they are also called 'heard-seers,' perceivers of what is heard.

अव्यक्तात्मा महात्मा चाहङ्कारात्मा तथैव च। भूतात्मा चेन्द्रियात्मा च तेषां तज्ज्ञानमुच्यते । इत्येता ऋषिजातीस्तु नामभिः पञ्च वै श्रृणु ।। ५९.

The unmanifest self, the great self, the ego-self, the elemental self, and the sense self—knowledge of these is declared; now hear these five kinds of seers by name.

भृगुर्मरीचिरत्रिश्च अङ्गिराः पुलहःक्रतुः। मनुर्दक्षो वसिष्ठश्च पुलस्त्यश्चेति ते दश। ब्रह्मणो मानसा ह्येते उद्भूताः स्वयमीश्वराः ।। ५९.

Bhṛgu, Marīci, Atri, Aṅgirā, Pulaha, Kratu, Manu, Dakṣa, Vasiṣṭha, and Pulastya—these ten, mind-born, self-manifested lords, are the sons of Brahmā.

प्रवर्त्तन्ते ऋषेर्यस्मान्महांस्तस्मान्महर्षयः। ईश्वराणां सुतास्त्वेते ऋषयस्तान्निबोधत ।। ५९.

Because the great ones proceed from the seer, they are called great seers; these seers are the sons of the lords—know them.

काव्यो बृहस्पतिश्चैव कश्यपश्चोशनास्तथा। उतथ्यो वामदेवश्च अपोज्यश्चैशिजस्तथा ।। ५९.

Kāvya, Bṛhaspati, Kaśyapa, Uśanā, Utathya, Vāmadeva, Apojya, and Aiśija—

कर्द्दमो विश्रवाः शक्तिर्वालखिल्य स्तथा धराः। इत्येते ऋषयः प्रोक्ता ज्ञानतो ऋषिताङ्गताः ।। ५९.

Kardama, Viśravas, Śakti, the Vālakhilyas, and the Dharas—these are the seers declared, who arose from knowledge and the essence of seerhood.

ऋषिपुत्रानृषिकांस्तु गर्भोत्पन्नान्निबोधत। वत्सरो नग्रहूश्चैव भारद्वाजस्तथैव च ।। ५९.

Now learn of the ṛṣikas, the sons of seers, who are born from the womb: Vatsara, Nagrahū, and Bhāradvāja as well.

बृहदुत्थः शरद्वांश्च अगस्त्यश्चौशिजस्तथा। ऋषिर्दीर्घतमाश्चैव बृहदुक्थः शरद्वतः ।। ५९.

Bṛhaduttha, Śaradvān, Agastya, Uśija, Dīrghatamas, Bṛhaduktha, and Śaradvata—these are the seers.

वाजश्रवाः सुवित्तश्च सुवाग्वेषपरायणः। दधीचः शङ्खमांश्चैव राजा वैश्रवणस्तथा। इत्येते ऋषिकाः प्रोक्तास्ते सत्यादृषिताङ्गताः ।। ५९.

Vājaśravā, who is wealthy and devoted to the pursuit of good speech and cattle; Dadhīca, Śaṅkhamāṃsa, and King Vaiśravaṇa—these sages are mentioned as possessing the qualities of truth and asceticism.

ईश्वरा ऋषिकाश्चैव ये चान्ये वै तथा स्मृताः। एते मन्त्रक्षकृतः सर्वे कृत्स्नशस्तान्निबोधत ।। ५९.

The lords and sages, and others who are similarly remembered—know that all these were creators of mantras in their entirety.

भृगुः काव्यः प्रचेतास्तु दधीचो ह्यात्मवानपि । और्वोऽथ जमदग्निश्च दिवः सारस्वत स्तथा ।। ५९.

Bhṛgu, Kāvya, Pracetā, Dadhīca who is self-possessed, Aurva, Jamadagni, and the Sārasvata of the heavens are thus named.

अद्विषेण ह्यरूपश्च वीतहव्य सुमेधसः। वैन्यः पृथुर्दिवोदासः प्रश्वारो गृत्समान्नभः। एकोनविंशदित्येते ऋषयो मन्त्रवादिनः ।। ५९.

Adviṣena, Arūpa, Vītahavya, Sumedhas, Vainya, Pṛthu, Divodāsa, Praśvāra, Gṛtsamān, and Nabha—these nineteen sages are reciters of mantras.

अङ्गिरा वेधसश्चैव भारद्वाजोऽथ बाष्कलिः। तथामृतस्तथा गार्ग्यः शेनी संहृतिरेव च ।। ५९.

Aṅgirā, Vedhas, Bhāradvāja, Bāṣkali, Amṛta, Gārgya, Śenī, and Saṃhṛti are also thus named.

पुरुकुत्सोऽथ मान्धाता अम्बरीषस्तथैव च। आहार्योथाजमीढश्च ऋषभो वलिरेव च ।। ५९.

Purukutsa, Māndhātṛ, Ambarīṣa, Āhārya, Ajamīḍha, Ṛṣabha, and Vali are likewise included.

पृषदश्वो विरूपश्च कण्वश्चैवाथ मुद्गलः। युवनाश्वः पौरुकुत्सस्त्रसद्दस्युः सदस्युमान् ।। ५९.

Pṛṣadaśva, Virūpa, Kaṇva, Mudgala, Yuvanāśva, Paurukutsa, Trasaddasyu, and Sadasyumān are also named.

उतथ्यश्च भरद्वाजस्तथा वाजश्रवा अपि । आयाप्यश्च सुवित्तिश्च वामदेवस्तथैव च ।। ५९.

Utathya, Bharadvāja, Vājaśravā, Āyāpya, Suvitti, and Vāmadeva are likewise mentioned.

औगजो बृहदुक्थश्च ऋषिर्दीर्घतपास्तथा। कक्षीवांश्च त्रयस्त्रिंशत् स्मृता अङ्गिरसो वराः। एते मन्त्रकृतः सर्वे काश्यपांस्तु निबोधत ।। ५९.

Augaja, Bṛhaduktha, Dīrghatapās, Kakṣīvān—these thirty-three are renowned as the best of the Aṅgirasas; all these are creators of mantras. Now listen to the Kāśyapas.

काश्यपश्चैव वत्सारो विभ्रमो रैभ्य एव च। असितो देवलश्चैव षडेते ब्रह्मवादिनः ।। ५९.

Kāśyapa, Vatsāra, Vibhrama, Raibhya, Asita, and Devala—these six are speakers of Brahman.

अत्रिरर्च्चिसनश्चैव श्यामावांश्चाथ निष्ठुरः। वल्गूतको मुनिर्द्धीमांस्तथा पूर्वातिथिश्च यः। इत्येते चात्रयः प्रोक्ता मन्त्रकारा महर्षयः ।। ५९.

Atri, Arccisanas, Śyāmāvān, Niṣṭhura, Valgūtaka the wise sage, and Pūrvātithi—these are the Atris, great sages who are creators of mantras.

वसिष्ठश्चैव शक्तिश्च तथैव च पराशरः। चतुर्थ इन्द्रप्रमतिः पञ्चमस्तु भरद्वसुः ।। ५९.

Vasiṣṭha, Śakti, Parāśara, the fourth is Indrapramati, and the fifth is Bharadvasu.

षष्ठस्तु मैत्रावरुणाः कुण्डिनः सप्तमस्तथा। सुद्युम्नश्चाष्टमश्चैव नवमोऽथ बृहस्पतिः। दशमस्तु भरद्वाजौ मन्त्रब्राह्मणकारकाः ।। ५९.

The sixth is Maitrāvaruṇa, Kuṇḍina is the seventh, Sudyumna the eighth, Bṛhaspati the ninth, and the tenth are the two Bharadvājas, creators of mantra and Brāhmaṇa.

एते चैव हि कर्तारो विधर्मध्वंसकारिणः। लक्षणं ब्रह्मणश्चैतद्विहितं सर्वशाखिनाम् ।। ५९.

These indeed are the authors who established and destroyed various doctrines; this is the characteristic of Brahman as prescribed for all branches.

हेतुर्हितेः स्मृतो धातोर्यन्निहन्त्युदितम्परैः। अथ वार्थपरि प्राप्तेर्हिनोतेर्गतिकर्मणः ।। ५९.

The cause of benefit is said to be the root, which destroys what is declared by others; or, for the attainment of meaning, the action of 'hinu' is to abandon.

तथा निर्वचनं ब्रूयाद्वाक्यार्थस्यावधारणम् । निन्दां तामाहुराचार्या यद्दोषन्निन्द्यते वचः ।। ५९.

Thus, one should state the derivation, which is the determination of the meaning of a statement; that which is censured due to a fault is called blame by the teachers.

प्रषूर्वाच्छंसतेर्धातोः प्रशसां गुणवत्तया। इदन्त्विदमिदं नेदमित्यनिश्चित्य संशयः ।। ५९.

From the root 'praśū' meaning to praise, praise is spoken of as possessing virtue; when it is uncertain whether 'this is so' or 'this is not so,' that is called doubt.

इदमेव विधातव्यमित्ययं विधिरुच्यते । अन्यस्यान्यस्य चोक्तत्वाद्‌बुधैः परकृतिः स्मृता ।। ५९.

'This alone must be done'—this is called injunction; when something is stated about another, it is known by the wise as 'parakṛti,' or reference to another.

यो ह्यत्यन्ततरोक्तश्च पुराकल्पः स उच्यते। पुराविक्रान्तवाचित्वात् पुराकल्पस्य कल्पना ।। ५९.

That which has been declared as extremely ancient is called the former kalpa, because of its being spoken of as prior; thus, the conception of the former kalpa is established.

मन्त्रब्राह्मणकल्पैस्तु निगमैः शुद्धविस्तरैः । अनिश्चित्य कृतामाहुर्व्यवधारणकल्पनाम् ।। ५९.

By means of mantras, Brāhmaṇa-kalpas, and the pure, extensive Vedas, without precise determination, they speak of the arrangement of boundaries.