By the power of the mighty and great-souled Viśravas, beings of extraordinary fortune and wisdom came forth—lords who embodied beauty, knowledge, and wealth. Among these were the Gandharvas, radiant and powerful, whose names are now revealed: Hiraṇyaroma, Kapila, Suloma, Māgadha, Candraketu, the Gangetic one, and Goda, renowned for their strength. Thus began the host of the Kinnaras—great-souled, learned, valiant, and austere—joined by two other distinguished groups. Śivā and Sumanā, too, were instrumental, for Viśravas produced through them beings who dwell in knowledge and discipline. Among these are the Śaiveyas, valiant and steadfast, and the Saumanasa hosts; together, these three groups of Vidyādharas fill the world. From them arose countless beings who traverse the skies—hundreds of hosts, brought forth by the Vidyādharas’ activity. From that same great-souled Viśravas emerged the horse-faced Kinnaras. Their names are Samudra, Sena, Kālinda, Mahānetra, Suvarṇaghoṣa, Sugrīva, and Mahāghoṣa, all mighty and powerful. Thus began the renowned host of horse-faced Kinnaras, as described by the learned. Likewise, Viśravas produced the human-faced Kinnaras, known as the Śāṃśapāyanas. Among them are Hariṣeṇa, Suṣeṇa, Vāriṣeṇa, Rudradatta, Indradatta, Candradruma, and Mahādruma. Bindu, Bindusāra, the Moon-born, and the Kinnaras themselves are celebrated as the foremost, renowned for their beauty. Among these, hundreds of groups of great-souled Kinnaras dwell in the world, skilled in dance and song. Yakṣa, Yakṣopaśānta, the beautiful Lauheyā, and Suravindā, the illustrious daughter, are all esteemed among the Siddhas. From Upāyāketa, another host was produced; their names, given by Karālaka, are now told. These beings, known as Bhūtas, together with their groups, are called Āveśakas and Niveśakas, marking the beginning of those who move upon the earth. Within this world, the leader of the Bhūtas is to be understood; among those who move through the sky, the most excellent roam at heights equal to the tallest trees—there is no doubt. Thus, most of the Devas and Gandharvas have been described here; know them as illustrious, devoted to serving the gods. Among the gods are Nārāyaṇa, their preceptor; Viraja, lotus-eyed; Hiraṇyagarbha; and the four-faced self-born one. Śaṅkara, Mahādeva, Īśāna, the lord of the world; the Ādityas led by Indra; the Rudras and the Vasus—all are attended by Gandharvas skilled in dance and song. These gods, dwelling in every world, adept in singing and playing instruments, are honored by their celestial companions. Haṃsa is the eldest among the Gandharvas, Hahā and Huhū dwell in the middle, while Dhiṣaṇa and Vāsiruci follow. The sixth is Tumburu, then comes Viśvāvasu, and these are the divine Apsarases, endowed with auspicious qualities. Eight great and most excellent Apsarases, worshipped by the gods, were born: Anavadya, Anavaśā, Anvatī, Madanapriyā, Arūṣā, Subhagā, Bhāsī, and Mariṣṭā. Manovatī and Sukeśā, daughters of Tumburu, along with these five-crowned divine Apsarases, ten in number, are of divine origin. Menakā, Sahajanyā, Parṇinī, Puñjikasthalā, Ghṛtasthalā, Ghṛtācī, Viśvācī, Pūrvacī, Pramlocā, and Anumlocantī are renowned in the celestial realms. Urvaśī, the eleventh, was born from the thigh of the beginningless and endless Nārāyaṇa, possessing flawless limbs. Menakā, the daughter of Menā, delighted the mind of Brahmā; all these are known as speakers of Brahman and as great yoginīs. The groups of Apsarases, numbering fourteen, are virtuous; these fourteen hosts, when summoned, bring splendor. The mind-born daughters of Brahmā, radiant, became the daughters of Manu; the swift ones of Tvaritā, the energetic ones of Ūrjjā, and those born from Agni. The long-lived ones are daughters of Sūrya, born from his rays, shining and melodious; the water-born, arisen from nectar, are called Amṛtā. Those born from Vāyu are called Mudā; those born from the earth are Bhavā; from lightning, the daughters named Rucā; and the daughters of Mṛtyu are the Bhairavās. These radiant ones, endowed with the qualities of desire, are fourteen groups, created with forms surpassing beauty, together with Indra, Upendra, and the hosts of gods. Tilottamā, of auspicious form and great fortune, is a celestial woman; Prabhāvatī, born from Brahmā’s fire-altar, is famed throughout the worlds for her beauty and youth. Born from the Vedic altar of the wise four-faced one, Vedavatī shines with great radiance. Hemā, daughter of Yama, adorned with gold and beauty, is a celestial woman with lovely eyes. Thus, these shining hosts of Apsarases, numbering in the thousands, are wives and mothers of the gods and sages. All the Apsarases are fragrant and beautiful, equal among themselves; when united with a beloved, they become intoxicated without wine, and by their touch, joy and delight abound. On the mountain, Prajāpati’s seed was shed, from which Parvata and Nārada were born, and their younger sister is remembered as Arundhatī. The daughters of Yavīyasī, thirty-six in number, are known as the sisters; Vinatā bore two sons, Aruṇa and Garuḍa, and those sisters are remembered as the younger ones. Thus unfolds the wondrous lineage of celestial beings, radiant and virtuous, who fill the worlds with beauty, wisdom, and joy.