O wise sages, listen as the wondrous tapestry of creation unfolds. Among the many beings brought forth, there were sons who took the form of leopards, and serpents with a taste for flesh. Now, let me guide you through the fullness of these creations, beginning with the names of five daughters: Mina, Mata, Vrtta, Parivrtta, and Anuvrtta. These daughters themselves became mothers to diverse offspring. From them emerged the thousand-toothed crocodiles, the Pāṭhīnas, the Tamara, and the Rohitas, forming the expansive group known as the Mainas. There are four distinct kinds of crocodiles, along with their younger and elder kin. The Nishkas and Shishumaras too are counted among those who produced descendants. Many shapes of turtles and countless aquatic creatures arose, as did various forms of conches, each manifesting in manifold ways. Frogs appeared in succession, followed by fish and snails, each taking their unique forms. Oysters and crabs, along with more varieties of conches, came forth in turn. Poisonous beings and those born from leeches also manifested, completing the fivefold lineage of the sage. The lineage of animals born from sweat is vast and arises from countless causes, much like the lower creatures. From the bodies of lizards, twice-born beings are produced; humans themselves arise from sweat and dirt, along with beings called Uśanā, and many kinds of ants, insects, and those with fixed feet. Conches, stones, and beings that move like pins, as well as other earth-born creatures arising from sweat, are thus described. Creatures also emerge from water heated by the sun, from rain, and from the bodies of animals. Fish, pippalā insects, mosquitoes, the offspring of partridges, and many blue and variegated creatures are born in this manner. Both aquatic and sweat-born beings—reeds, gnats, cane-boring insects, and many-footed creatures—are produced in abundance. Among these are Sihalā, Romalā, and Picchalā, remembered as part of this aquatic and sweat-born group. Creatures are also born from clarified butter, black gram, green gram, and from the fruits of jambu, bael, mango, and others. From green gram, jackfruit, rice, dry hollows, and stored grains, beings come into existence. Some creatures arise from other sources but do not remain there long; beings emerge from horses and other animals, and even from poisons. When cow dung is left for many days, worms are produced, and in wood, insects such as borers arise. From trees, various blue flies are born in succession, and from dry substances, offspring are produced. From black cloth, snakes are born in all directions; dried cow dung gives rise to sweat-born creatures such as scorpions. Cows and buffaloes also produce creatures, especially various kinds of fish and others that are produced in eggs. Caivīrikās arise, as do herds of cattle, and subtle beings like leeches and similar kinds are also born. Various forms of flies and other types are produced, mostly found in leftover water and mud. Mosquitoes and bees come into being, and from grasses, creatures called putrikās and putrabhāsakas are born. Fragments of gems, serpents, and those born in ships are mentioned, along with various forms of śataveri that arise from dung. Thus, this innumerable group born from sweat has been briefly described, said to be produced by previous actions. Likewise, there are beings called naiṛtas, known as those born from affliction; some are womb-born, while others arise spontaneously. Generally, all the gods are understood to be born by manifestation, though some are womb-born and others arise without cause. Among these are Tūlālāgha, Kola, Śivā, Kanyā, and the offspring of Saramā—the groups known as the Saramās. Śyāma, Śabala, Arjuna, Harita, Kṛṣṇa, Dhūmrārūṇa, Tūlālāgha, and Kadrukas are named among them. Surasā is said to have produced a hundred-headed one; among serpents, Takṣaka is king, and among nāgas, Vāsuki reigns. This group, full of darkness, is governed by wrath. Now, hear of the offspring of Pulaha’s son, Tāmrā. From Tāmrā, many well-known beings were born. Śyenī, Bhāsī, Krauñcī, Dhṛtarāṣṭrī, and Śukī are named. Śyenī, the wife of Aruṇa, gave birth to the mighty Sampāti and Jaṭāyu, foremost among birds. Sampāti fathered both a son and a daughter, while Jaṭāyu’s sons were crows and vultures with large ears. The wives of Garutmat—Bhāsī, Krauñcī, Śukī, Dhṛtarāṣṭrī, and Bhadrā—each produced offspring. Śukī bore to Garutmat six renowned sons: Triśiras, Sumukha, Bala, Pṛṣṭha, and the mighty Mahābala. Triśaṅkhanetra, Sumukha, Surūpa, Surasa, and Bala are named as sons and grandsons of the great-hearted Garuḍas. There are fourteen thousand cruel, serpent-eating ones whose sons and grandsons extend the lineage further. The regions they have filled are vast: the entire Śālmalī island and the mountain Devakūṭa, each populated by these diverse and wondrous beings. Thus, the creation of creatures, in all its complexity and abundance, has been revealed.