Varaha Purana

तत्राप्यसामर्थ्ययुतः कराग्राग्रस्थितांस्तिलान् । प्रणम्य द्विजमुख्याय कस्मैचिद् द्विज दास्यति ।। १३.

If even that is not possible, he will respectfully offer a few sesame seeds, held at his fingertips, to any distinguished Brāhmaṇa.

तिलैः सप्ताष्टभिर्वापि समवेतां जलाञ्जलिम् । भक्तिनम्रः समुद्दिश्याप्यस्माकं संप्रदास्यति ।। १३.

With seven or eight sesame seeds, or with a handful of water, offered with devotion and humility for our sake, he will make the gift.

यतः कुतश्चित् संप्राप्य गोभ्यो वापि गवाह्निकम् । अभावे प्रीणयत्यस्मान् भक्त्या युक्तः प्रदास्यति ।। १३.

Whatever he obtains from anywhere, or even the daily milk from cows, if nothing else is available, he will satisfy us with devotion by making the offering.

सर्वाभावे वनं गत्वा कक्षामूलप्रदर्शकः । सूर्यादिलोकपालानामिदमुच्चैः पठिष्यति ।। १३.

If everything is lacking, he should go to the forest, point out a sacred spot at the root of a tree, and recite aloud this for the Sun and other guardians of the worlds:

न मेऽस्ति वित्तं न धनं न चान्य- च्छ्राद्धस्य योग्यं स्वपितॄन् नतोऽस्मि । तृप्यन्तु भक्त्या पितरो मयैतौ भुजौ ततौ वर्त्मनि मारुतस्य ।। १३.

"I have no wealth, no riches, nor anything else suitable for śrāddha; bowing to my ancestors, may they be satisfied with my devotion—my arms outstretched on the path of the wind."

इत्येतत् पितृभिर्गीतं भावाभावप्रयोजनम् । कृतं तेन भवेच्छ्राद्धं य एवं कुरुते द्विज ।। १३.

Thus, this has been sung by the ancestors regarding the purpose of existence and non-existence; the ritual becomes a śrāddha by this, for the twice-born who performs it in this way.

मार्कण्डेय उवाच । एतन्मे कथितं पूर्वं ब्रह्मपुत्रेण धीमता । सनकानुजेन विप्रर्षे ब्राह्मणान् श्रृणु सांप्रतम् ।। १४.

Markandeya said: This was previously told to me by the wise son of Brahma, Sanaka's younger brother, O sage among Brahmins; now listen to the Brahmins.

त्रिणाचिकेतस्त्रिमधुस्त्रिसुपर्णः षडङ्गवित् । वेदवित् श्रोत्रियो योगी तथा वै ज्योष्ठसामगः ।। १४.

One who knows the three Nachiketas fires, the three Madhu verses, the three Suparna hymns, is versed in the six limbs, knows the Vedas, is learned, is a yogi, and is also the foremost singer of the Jyotish Sama.

ऋत्विजं भागिनेयं च दौहित्रं श्वसुरं तथा । जामातरं मातुलं च तपोनिष्ठं च ब्राह्मणम् ।। १४.

A priest, a nephew, a grandson, a father-in-law, a son-in-law, a maternal uncle, and a Brahmin devoted to austerity.

पञ्चाग्न्यभिरतं चैव शिष्यं संबन्धिनं तथा । मातापितृरतं चैव एताञ्छ्राद्धे नियोजयेत् ।। १४.

One engaged in the five fires, a disciple, a relative, one devoted to mother and father—these should be appointed for the śrāddha.

मित्रध्रुक् कुनखी चैव श्यावदन्तस्तथा द्विजः । कन्यादूषयिता वह्निवेदोज्झः सोमविक्रयी ।। १४.

A betrayer of friends, one with deformed nails, a Brahmin with black teeth, one who defiles a maiden, one who neglects the sacred fire, and one who sells Soma.

अभिशप्तस्तथा स्तेनः पिशुनो ग्रामयाजकः । भृतकाध्यापकश्चैव भृतकाध्यापितश्च यः ।। १४.

One who is cursed, a thief, a slanderer, a village priest, one who teaches for hire, and one who is taught for hire.

परपूर्वापतिश्चैव मातापित्रोस्तथोज्झकः । वृषलीसूतिपोष्यश्च वृषलीपतिरेव च । तथा देवलकश्चापि श्राद्धे नार्हन्ति केतनम् ।। १४.

One who has married another's former wife, one who neglects mother and father, one who supports or is the husband of a low-caste woman, and also a temple priest—these are not fit to be appointed at a śrāddha.

प्रथमेऽह्नि बुधः कुर्याद् विप्राग्र्याणां निमन्त्रणम् । आनिमन्त्र्य द्विजान् गेहमागतान् भोजयेद् यतीन् ।। १४.

On the first day, the wise should invite the foremost Brahmins; without inviting, he should feed ascetics who have come to the house.

पादशौचादिना गेहमागतान् भोजयेद् द्विजान् । पवित्रपाणिराचान्तानासनेषूपवेशयेत् ।। १४.

He should feed Brahmins who have come to the house after washing their feet and so on; seating them on seats, with pure hands and after purification.

पितॄणामयुजो युग्मान् देवानामपि योजयेत् । देवानामेकमेकं वा पितॄणां च नियोजयेत् ।। १४.

He should appoint pairs for the ancestors without union, and likewise for the gods; or appoint one for each god and one for each ancestor.

तथा मातामहश्राद्धं वैश्वदेवसमन्वितम् । कुर्वीत भक्तिसंपन्नसक्तन्त्रं वा वैश्वदेविकम् ।। १४.

He should perform the maternal grandfather's śrāddha together with the Vaiśvadeva rite, with devotion, or the Vaiśvadeva rite alone, according to the rules.

प्राङ्मुखं भोजभेद् विप्रं देवानामुभयात्मकम् । पितृपैतामहानां च भोजयेच्चाप्युदङ्मुखान् ।। १४.

He should feed the Brahmin for the gods facing east, and those for the ancestors and grandfathers facing north.

पृथक् तयोः केचिदाहुः श्राद्धस्य करणं द्विज । एकत्रैकेन पाकेन वदन्त्यन्ये महर्षयः ।। १४.

Some say, O twice-born, that the śrāddha should be performed separately for the two; others, the great sages, say it should be done together with one cooking.

विष्टरार्थं कुशान् दत्त्वा संपूज्यार्घविधानतः । कुर्यादावाहनं प्राज्ञो देवानां तदनुज्ञया ।। १४.

For the purpose of the seat, having given kuśa grass and properly honored with the offering, the wise should perform the invocation of the gods with their permission.

यवाम्बुना च देवानां दद्यादर्घ्यं विधानवित् । सुगन्धधूपदीपांश्च दत्त्वा तेभ्यो यथाविधि । पितॄणामपसकव्येन सर्वमेवोपकल्पयेत् ।। १४.

He should offer arghya to the gods with barley-water, according to the rules; giving fragrant incense and lamps to them as prescribed, and prepare everything for the ancestors with apasavya.

अनुज्ञां च ततः प्राप्य दत्त्वा दर्भान् द्विधाकृतान् । मन्त्रपूर्वं पितॄणां तु कुर्यादावाहनं बुधः । तिलाम्बुना चापसव्यं दद्यादर्ध्यादिकं बुधः ।। १४.

Then, having received permission and given darbha grass split in two, the wise should perform the invocation of the ancestors with mantras; and offer arghya and so on to them with sesame-water and apasavya.

काले तत्रातिथिं प्राप्तमन्नकामं द्विजाध्वगम् । ब्राह्मणैरभ्यनुज्ञातः कामं तमपि पूजयेत् ।। १४.

At that time, if a guest arrives desiring food, a Brahmin traveler, having been permitted by the Brahmins, he may also honor him as he wishes.

योगिनो विविधै रूपैर्नराणामुपकारिणः । भ्रमन्ति पृथिवीमेतामविज्ञातस्वरूपिणः ।। १४.

Yogis, taking on various forms, wander this earth to benefit people, their true nature unknown.

तस्मादभ्यर्चयेत् प्राप्तं श्राद्धकालेऽतिथिं बुधः । श्राद्धक्रियाफलं हन्ति द्विजेन्द्रापूजितोऽतिथिः ।। १४.

Therefore, at the time of a śrāddha, a wise person should honor a guest who arrives; if the guest, foremost among twice-born, is not worshipped, he destroys the fruit of the śrāddha rite.

जुहुयाद् व्यञ्जनं क्षारैर्वर्ज्यमन्नं ततोऽनले । अनुज्ञातो द्बिजैस्तैस्तु त्रिः कृत्वा पुरुषर्षभ ।। १४.

One should offer seasoned food, free from salt and alkaline substances, into the fire; having been permitted by those Brāhmaṇas, O best of men, this is to be done three times.

अग्नये कव्यवाहनाय स्वाहेति प्रथमाहुतिः । सोमाय वै पितृमते दातव्या तदनन्तरम् ।। १४.

The first oblation is to be offered with 'Svāhā' to Agni, the carrier of offerings to the ancestors; immediately after, one should give to Soma, who is associated with the ancestors.

वैवस्वताय चैवान्या तृतीया दीयताहुतिः । हुतावशिष्टमल्पाल्पं विप्रपात्रेषु निर्वपेत् ।। १४.

The third oblation should be given to Vaivasvata; whatever little remains from the offerings should be placed in the vessels of the Brāhmaṇas.

ततोऽन्नं मृष्टमत्यर्थमभीष्टमभिसंस्कृतम् । दत्त्वा जुषध्वमिच्छातो वाच्यमेतदनिष्ठुरम् ।। १४.

Then, after giving well-cooked, highly desired, and properly prepared food, one should say, 'Please enjoy as you wish,' in a gentle and respectful manner.