In the sacred geography described, to the east and north dwells Hiraṇya, lord of the rākṣasas. Southward lies Bhārata, and in the southwestern region, Hari is present. In the north stretches the land of Kuru, a realm encircled by trees that grant every wish. Beyond Bhārata, there are eight regions, beginning with Ilāvṛta, each distinct yet equal—none are superior, inferior, or intermediate. These lands remain separated by vast oceans, making them inaccessible to one another. Among the islands mentioned are Nāga Island, Kaṭāha, Siṃhala, and Vāruṇa. The island called Kumāra is described as lying between the south and north. In the south reside the Andhras, O hero, while the Turushkas dwell in the north. These peoples are purified through acts such as worship, battle, and trade. Within these lands, seven chief mountain ranges are counted: Vindhya and Pāriyātra, broad and lofty, beautiful and immense, with auspicious slopes. Other notable mountains include Vātandhama, Vaidyuta, Maināka, and Saras, as well as Ujjāyana, Puṣpagiri, Arbuda, and Raivata. Śrīparvata, Koṅgaṇa, and hundreds more rise across the landscape. From these mountains, the foremost rivers emerge. Listen to their names: Śatadru, Candrikā, Nīlā, Vitastā, Irāvatī, and Kuhū; Gomatī, Dhūtapāpā, Bāhudā, and Sadṛṣadvatī; Saru and Lauhitya, which flow from the foot of the Himalaya; Parṇāśā, Nandinī, Pāvanī, and Mahī; Siprā and Avantī, known to arise from Pāriyātra; Mandākinī, Daśārṇā, and the river flowing from Citrakūṭa; Pippalaśroṇī, Vipāśā, and Vañjulāvatī; rivers born from the foot of Ṛkṣa, as well as Balavāhinī; Veṇa, Vaitaraṇī, Sinīvāhu, and Kumudvatī. Those rivers arising from the foot of Vindhya are holy, pure, and auspicious: Tuṅgabhadrā, Suprayogā, Vāhyā, and Kāverī. These are great rivers emerging from the Sahya mountains. Sinī and Sudāmā, and rivers born from the shining oyster shell, are also among them. All these rivers are mothers of the world, women of the oceans. The auspicious regions arising from the north and the middle drink freely as they wish. In these lands are found fishes, kusaṭṭa, kuṇikuṇḍala, and pāñjālaka, together with the women of Kosala. The Śaka and Samaśaka people inhabit the central region. Aparānta, Śūdras, the Pahlavas, and the Kheṭakas live here as well. The Śātadrava, Lalittha, and those like Pārāvata and Samūṣaka are present. Among the people are the Śratriya, Prativaiśya, and families of Vaiśya and Śūdra. The Chinese and Tuṣāra, many outsiders with hollow bellies, are also mentioned. The Lampaka, Tāvakārāma, Śūlika, and Taṅgaṇa dwell here. Tāmasa, Kramamāsa, Supārśva, and Puṇḍraka are found as well. Māṇḍavya, Mālavīya, and those dwelling along the northern path complete this tapestry of peoples and places. Thus, the sacred regions, their mountains, rivers, and peoples, are revealed—each with its own beauty and significance, woven together in the vast expanse of the world.