अहोरात्रोषितो भूत्वा पंचगव्येन शुध्यति
After fasting for a day and night, one becomes purified by the five products of the cow.
न शब्दशास्त्राभिरतस्य मोक्षो न चैव रम्या वसथप्रियस्य 4.1.40.
There is neither liberation for one devoted to grammar and language, nor happiness for one attached to pleasant dwellings.
स सर्वतीर्थसुस्नातः स सर्वक्रतुदीक्षितः
He is as one who has bathed in all sacred waters, as one who has undertaken all sacrificial vows.
वलीपलितसंयुक्तस्तृतीयाश्रममाविशेत्
When endowed with wrinkles and gray hair, he should enter the third stage of life.
अपत्यापत्यमालोक्य ग्राम्याहारान्विसृज्य च
Having seen his children’s children and having given up household food,
वसानश्चर्मचीराणि साग्निर्मुन्यन्नवर्तनः
Wearing garments of skin or bark, maintaining the sacred fire, and subsisting on food suitable for sages,
शाकमूलफलैर्वापि पंचयज्ञन्न हापयेत्
He should not neglect the five great sacrifices, even if living on vegetables, roots, or fruits.
अनादाता च दाता च दांतः स्वाध्यायतत्परः
He should be one who does not accept gifts, yet gives; self-restrained and devoted to study of the Veda.
मुन्यन्नैः स्वयमानीतैः पुरोडाशांश्च निर्वपेत्
With food for sages gathered by himself, he should offer oblations of puroḍāśa cakes.
वर्जयेच्छेलुशिग्रू च कवकं पललं मधु
He should avoid radish, garlic, mushrooms, fermented grains, and honey.
ग्राम्याणि फलमूलानि फालजान्नं च संत्यजेत्
He should give up fruits and roots from villages, and food produced by ploughing.
सद्यः प्रक्षालको वा स्यादथवा माससंचयी
He may eat food immediately after washing it, or he may store it for a month.
नक्ताश्ये कांतराशी वा षष्ठकालाशनोपि वा ।।4.1.41.
He may eat only at night, or at intervals, or partake of food at the sixth period of the day.
वैखानस मतस्थस्तु फलमूलाशनोपि वा
Or, established in the Vaikhānasa rule, he may subsist on fruits and roots.
अग्निमात्मनि चाधाय विचरेदनिकेतनः
Placing the sacred fire within himself, he should wander without a fixed abode.
ग्रामादानीय वाश्नीयादष्टौ ग्रासान्वसन्वने
Or, bringing food from the village, he may eat eight mouthfuls while dwelling in the forest.
अतिवाह्यायुषोभागं तृतीयमिति कानने
In the forest, the third portion of life that exceeds the normal span should be spent.
ऋणत्रयमसंशोध्य त्वनुत्पाद्य सुतानपि
Without discharging the three debts, and without producing sons,
एक एव चरेन्नित्यमनग्निरनिकेतनः
He should always wander alone, without fire and without a fixed dwelling.
जीवितं मरणं वाथ नाभिकांक्षेत्क्वचिद्यतिः
He should never desire either life or death at any time.
सर्वत्र ममता शून्यः सर्वत्र समतायुतः
Free from possessiveness everywhere, endowed with equanimity in all situations.
ध्यानं शौचं तथा भिक्षा नित्यमेकांतशीलता 4.1.41.
Meditation, purity, alms, and always a solitary disposition.
वार्षिकांश्चतुरोमासान्विहरेन्न यतिः क्वचित्
A renunciant should never dwell anywhere for the four months of the rainy season.
गच्छेत्परिहरन्जन्तून्पिबेत्कं वस्त्रशोधितम्
He should walk, avoiding living beings, and drink water filtered through cloth.
चरेदात्मसहायश्च निरपेक्षो निराश्रयः
He should act with himself as his companion, without dependence, without support.
कुसुंभवासा दंडाढ्यो भिक्षाशी ख्यातिवर्जितः
Clad in coarse garments, carrying a staff, living on alms, avoiding fame.
न ग्राह्यं तैजसं पात्रं भिक्षुकेण कदाचन
A mendicant should never accept a vessel made of metal.
गोसहस्रवधं पापं श्रुतिरेषा सनातनी
This ancient scripture declares: such an act is as sinful as killing a thousand cows.
कोटिद्वयं ब्रह्मकल्पं कुंभीपाकी न संशयः
For two crores of Brahma's lifetimes, there is no doubt, one suffers in the Kumbhipaka hell.
विधूमेसन्न मुसले व्यंगारे भुक्तवज्जने
Without smoke, without a pestle, among embers, as if eating people.