Shiva Purana (Books 1 & 7)

सत्संगात्सर्वमेतद्वै नराणां जायते द्विजाः धनधान्यादिकं सर्वं देयं वै गृहमेधिना

All this arises for people, O twice-born, through association with the virtuous; all wealth, grain, and such things should indeed be given by the householder.

यद्यत्काले वस्तुजातं फलं वा धान्यमेव च तत्तत्सर्वं ब्राह्मणेभ्यो देयं वै हितमिच्छता

Whatever objects, fruits, or grains are available at any time, all these should be given to Brahmins by one who desires welfare.

जलं चैव सदा देयमन्नं क्षुद्व्याधिशांतये क्षेत्रं धान्यं तथा ऽ ऽमान्नमन्नमेवं चतुर्विधम्

Water should always be given, as well as food, to relieve hunger and disease; fields, grain, cooked food, and all four kinds of food likewise.

यावत्कालं यदन्नं वै भुक्त्वा श्रवणमेधते तावत्कृतस्य पुण्यस्य त्वर्धं दातुर्न संशयः

For as long as the food given is eaten and heard about, for that duration, half the merit of the act certainly accrues to the giver—there is no doubt.

ग्रहीताहिगृहीतस्य दानाद्वै तपसा तथा पापसंशोधनं कुर्यादन्यथा रौरवं व्रजेत्

For one who has accepted gifts, purification from sin is accomplished by giving and by austerity; otherwise, one goes to the hell called Raurava.

आत्मवित्तं त्रिधा कुर्याद्धर्मवृद्ध्यात्मभोगतः नित्यं नैमित्तकं काम्यं कर्म कुर्यात्तु धर्मतः

One should divide one's wealth threefold: for the growth of righteousness, for personal enjoyment, and for the self; one should always perform daily, occasional, and desired rites according to righteousness.

वित्तस्य वर्धनं कुर्याद्वृद्ध्यंशेन हि साधकः हितेन मितमे ध्येन भोगं भोगांशतश्चरेत्

One striving for success should increase wealth by a portion set aside for growth; enjoyment should be pursued in moderation, using only a portion meant for enjoyment, and always with benefit in mind.

कृष्यर्जिते दशांशं हि देयं पापस्य शुद्धये शेषेण कुर्याद्धर्मादि अन्यथा रौरवं व्रजेत्

Of wealth earned through agriculture, a tenth should be given for the purification of sin; with the remainder, one should perform acts of righteousness and so on—otherwise, one goes to Raurava.

अथवा पापबुद्धिः स्यात्क्षयं वा सत्यमेष्यति वृद्धिवाणिज्यके देयष्षडंशो हि विचक्षणैः

Or, if one has an evil intention, destruction will surely come; but in trade involving increase, the wise should give a sixth part.

शुद्धप्रतिग्रहे देयश्चतुर्थांशो द्विजोत्तमैः अकस्मादुत्थिते ऽर्थे हि देयमर्धं द्विजोत्तमैः

To the best of the twice-born, a fourth part should be given when the recipient is pure; but if the need arises suddenly, half should be given to the best of the twice-born.

असत्प्रतिग्रहसर्वं दुर्दानं सागरे क्षिपेत् आहूय दानं कर्तव्यमात्मभोगसमृद्धये

All improper gifts and difficult donations should be cast into the ocean; one should give gifts, when invited, for the sake of one's own enjoyment and prosperity.

पृष्टं सर्वं सदा देयमात्मशक्त्यनुसारतः जन्मांतरे ऋणी हि स्याददत्ते पृष्टवस्तुनि

Whatever is asked should always be given according to one's ability; if one does not give what is asked, one becomes indebted in a future birth.

परेषां च तथा दोषं न प्रशंसेद्विचक्षणः विशेषेण तथाब्रह्मञ्छ्रुतं दृष्टं च नो वदेत्

A wise person should not praise the faults of others; especially, one should not speak of what is heard or seen regarding a Brahmin.

न वदेत्सर्वजंतूनां हृदि रोषकरं बुधः संध्ययोरग्निकार्यं च कुर्यादैश्वर्यसिद्धये

A learned person should not speak words that cause anger in the hearts of any beings; and one should perform the fire rituals at the twilights for the attainment of prosperity.

अशक्तस्त्वेककाले वा सूर्याग्नी च यथाविधि तंडुलं धान्यमाज्यं वा फलं कंदं हविस्तथा

If one is unable, or at any one time, one should offer to the sun and fire, as prescribed, rice, grain, clarified butter, fruit, root, or other oblations.

स्थालीपाकं तथा कुर्याद्यथान्यायं यथाविधि प्रधानहोममात्रं वा हव्याभावे समाचरेत्

One should also prepare cooked food in a pot, properly and according to rule; or, in the absence of offerings, perform at least the principal homa as is appropriate.

नित्यसंधानमित्युक्तं तमजस्रं विदुर्बुधाः अथवा जपमात्रं वा सूर्यवंदनमेव च

This is called the regular sandhya ritual, which the wise know to be perpetual; or, one may perform only recitation or the worship of the sun.

एवमात्मार्थिनः कुर्युरर्थार्थी च यथाविधि ब्रह्मयज्ञरता नित्यं देवपूजारतास्तथा

Thus, those who seek their own benefit, or those who seek wealth, should act as prescribed; those devoted to the Brahma-yajña and to the worship of the gods should do so always.

अग्निपूजापरा नित्यं गुरुपूजारतास्तथा ब्राह्मणानां तृप्तिकराः सर्वे स्वर्गस्य भागिनः

Those always devoted to the worship of fire, to the worship of the teacher, and who satisfy the Brahmins, all become partakers of heaven.

अग्नियज्ञदेवयज्ञं ब्रह्मयज्ञं तथैव च गुरुपूजां ब्रह्मतृप्तिं क्रमेण ब्रूहि नः प्रभो

O Lord, please explain to us in order the fire-sacrifice, the sacrifice to the gods, the Brahma-yajña, the worship of the teacher, and the satisfaction of the Brahmins.

अग्नौ जुहोति यद्द्रव्यमग्नियज्ञः स उच्यते ब्रह्मचर्याश्रमस्थानां समिदाधानमेव हि

Whatever substance is offered into the fire is called the fire-sacrifice; for those in the stage of studentship, the offering of fuel sticks is indeed prescribed.

समिदग्रौ व्रताद्यं च विशेषयजनादिकम् प्रथमाश्रमिणामेवं यावदौपासनं द्विजाः

The placing of fuel sticks in the fire, the initial vows, and other special rites are for those in the first stage of life, O twice-born, up to the aupāsana rite.

आत्मन्यारोपिताग्नीनां वनिनां यतिनां द्विजाः हितं च मितमेध्यान्नं स्वकाले भोजनं हुतिः

For forest-dwellers and ascetics, O twice-born, the fire is established within themselves; for them, eating pure and moderate food at the proper time is the offering.

औपासनाग्निसंधानं समारभ्य सुरक्षितम् कुंडे वाप्यथ भांडे वा तदजस्रं समीरितम्

The maintenance of the aupāsana fire, begun and protected, whether in a pit or vessel, is said to be perpetual.

अग्निमात्मन्यरण्यां वा राजदैववशाद्ध्रुवम् अग्नित्यागभयादुक्तं समारोपितमुच्यते

The fire may be within oneself or in the forest, depending on royal or divine command; when there is fear of abandoning the fire, it is said to be established within.

संपत्करी तथा ज्ञेया सायमग्न्याहुतिर्द्विजाः आयुष्करीति विज्ञेया प्रातः सूर्याहुतिस्तथा

The evening offering into the fire, O twice-born, is known as bestowing prosperity; the morning offering to the sun is to be understood as bestowing long life.

अग्नियज्ञो ह्ययं प्रोक्तो दिवा सूर्यनिवेशनात् इंद्रादीन्सकलान्देवानुद्दिश्याग्नौ जुहोतियत्

This fire-sacrifice is said to be performed during the day after the sun has risen; whoever offers into the fire, addressing all the gods beginning with Indra, is so called.

देवयज्ञं हि तं विद्यात्स्थालीपाकादिकान्क्रतून् चौलादिकं तथा ज्ञेयं लौकिकाग्नौ प्रतिष्ठितम्

One should understand the worship of the gods as including offerings such as cooked rice and other rites, as well as ceremonies like the caula; all these are to be performed in the domestic fire.

ब्रह्मयज्ञं द्विजः कुर्याद्देवानां तृप्तये सकृत् ब्रह्मयज्ञ इति प्रोक्तो वेदस्या ऽध्ययनं भवेत्

A twice-born should perform the Brahma-yajña once for the satisfaction of the gods; this is called the Brahma-yajña, which consists of the study of the Veda.