क्षुधायां न विराजंते तत्र ये संस्थिता नराः। यथा भूमिगतं तोयं रविरश्मिर्विकर्षति
'Do not shine on those afflicted by hunger. Just as the sun's rays draw up water lying on the ground—'
तद्वच्छरीरजा नाड्यः शोष्यंते जठराग्निना। न शृणोति न चाघ्राति चक्षुषा नैव पश्यति
'So too, the bodily channels are dried up by the fire of the stomach. One does not hear, nor smell, nor see with the eyes—'
दह्यते क्षीयते मूढः शुष्यते क्षुधयार्दितः। न पूर्वां दक्षिणां चापि पश्चिमां नोत्तरामपि
'He is burned, wasted, bewildered, dried up—afflicted by hunger. He cannot discern east, south, west, nor even north—'
न चाधो नैव चोर्द्ध्वं च क्षुधाविष्टो हि विंदति। मूकत्वं बधिरत्वं च जडत्वमथ पंगुता
'Nor below, nor above does one perceive, when seized by hunger. Dumbness, deafness, dullness, and even lameness—'
भैरवत्वममर्यादं क्षुधायां संप्रवर्द्धते। जनकं जननीं पुत्रान्भार्यां दुहितरं तथा
'Fierceness and lack of restraint arise in hunger. One abandons father, mother, sons, wife, and daughter—'
भ्रातरं स्वजनं वापि त्यजति क्षुधयार्दितः। न पितॄन्पूजयेत्सम्यक्देवं चापि गुरुं तथा
'Or brother, or even one's own kin, when afflicted by hunger. He does not properly honor ancestors, nor gods, nor even the teacher—'
ऋषीनुपगतांश्चापि क्षुधाविष्टो न विंदति। एवमन्नविहीनस्य भवंत्येतानि देहिनां
'Nor does he recognize the sages who have come, when seized by hunger. Such are the conditions that befall embodied beings deprived of food.'
तदेवं संप्रयच्छेत अन्नं श्रद्धासमन्वितः। ब्रह्मभूतस्ततः सोथ ब्रह्मणा सह मोदते
Therefore, one should give food with faith; thus becoming one with Brahman, he rejoices together with Brahman.
सुसंस्कृतं च योप्यन्नं दद्यादहरहर्द्विजे। यः पठेदन्नदानं तु श्राद्धे चैव विशेषतः
And whoever gives well-prepared food daily to a Brāhmaṇa, or recites the gift of food, especially at a śrāddha—
एकाग्रमानसो भूत्वा अमावस्येंदुसंक्षये। भूतोपघातसंपूर्णे श्राद्धे श्रावयते सदा
With mind concentrated, on the new moon at the waning of the moon, when the śrāddha is performed in the presence of spirits, he always causes it to be heard.
पितरस्तस्य तुष्यंति यावज्जीवं न संशयः। देवद्विजसमीपस्थोन्नस्यदाता विमुच्यते
His ancestors are pleased with him for his whole life, without doubt; the giver who offers in the presence of gods and twice-born is released.
प्रबुद्धो वा प्रमत्तो वा प्रसंगादागतोपि वा। भक्त्या विरहितो वापि शृण्वन्पापाद्विमुच्यते
Whether awakened, careless, or even coming by chance, even without devotion, one who listens is freed from sin.
दानेन संयुता विप्राः सुखिनो धर्मभागिनः। यमो दमो वै नियमः प्रोक्तस्तत्वार्थदर्शिभिः
Brahmins endowed with giving are happy and share in righteousness; restraint, self-control, and discipline are declared by those who see the truth.
ब्राह्मणानां विशेषेण दमो धर्मः सनातनः। दमस्तेजो वर्द्धयति पवित्रो दम उत्तमः
Especially for Brahmins, restraint is the eternal law; restraint increases brilliance, and pure restraint is supreme.
विपाप्मा चैव तेजस्वी पुरुषो दमतो भवेत्। ये केचिन्नियमा लोके ये च धर्माश्शुभान्वयाः
A person becomes free from evil and radiant through restraint; whatever disciplines exist in the world, and all auspicious duties—
सर्वयज्ञफलं चापि दमस्तेभ्यो विशिष्यते। तपो यज्ञस्तथा दानं दमादेव प्रवर्तते
Restraint surpasses even all the fruits of sacrifice; austerity, sacrifice, and giving arise from restraint alone.
किमरण्येत्वदांतस्य दांतस्यापि किमाश्रमे। यत्रयत्र वसेद्दांतस्तदरण्यं महाश्रमः
What use is the forest to one without restraint, or even an ashram to one who is restrained? Wherever a restrained person dwells, that is a great hermitage, a forest.
शीलवृत्तसमेतस्य निगृहीतेंद्रियस्य च। आर्जवे वर्तमानस्य आश्रमैः किं प्रयोजनम्
For one endowed with good conduct and self-controlled senses, living straightforwardly, what need is there for ashrams?
वनेपि दोषाः प्रभवंति रागिणां गृहेपि पंचेंद्रियनिग्रहस्तपः। अकुत्सिते कर्मणि यः प्रवर्तते निवृत्तरागस्य गृहं तपोवनम्
Even in the forest, faults arise for the passionate; in the house, restraining the five senses is austerity. For one free from passion who acts without malice, the home itself is a forest of austerity.
सुकर्मधर्मार्जितजीवितानां सदा च संतुष्य गृहे रतानाम्। जितेंद्रियाणामतिथिप्रियाणां गृहेपि धर्मो नियमस्थितानाम्
For those whose livelihood is earned by righteous deeds, always content, attached to home, with controlled senses, fond of guests, and established in discipline, righteousness exists even at home.
न शब्दशास्त्रे निरतस्य मोक्षो न वर्णसंगे निरतस्य चैव। न भोजनाच्छादन तत्परस्य न लोकवृत्तग्रहणेरतस्य
There is no liberation for one absorbed in the science of words, nor for one attached to caste distinctions; not for one intent on food and clothing, nor for one engaged in worldly customs.
एकांतशीलस्य दृढव्रतस्य सर्वेन्द्रियप्रीतिनिवर्तकस्य। अध्यात्मयोगे गतमानसस्य मोक्षो ध्रुवं नित्यमहिंसकस्य
Liberation is certain for one of solitary character, firm vow, who has withdrawn all sense pleasures, whose mind is set in spiritual discipline, and who is ever non-violent.
सुखं च दांतः स्वपिति सुखेन प्रतिबुध्यते। समः सर्वेषु भूतेषु मनो यस्य प्रबुध्यते
The restrained one sleeps happily and awakens happily; whose mind is equal toward all beings, that one truly awakens.
न रथेन सुखं याति न हयेन न दंतिना। यथात्मना विनीतेन सुखं याति महापथे ३०० 1.19.
One does not travel happily by chariot, nor by horse, nor by elephant, as one travels happily on the great road with a self subdued.
न तु कुर्याद्धरिः स्पृष्टः सर्पो वाप्यतिरोषितः। अरिर्वा नित्यसंक्रुद्धो यथात्मा दमवर्जितः
One should not act as does a provoked snake, or an enraged enemy, or a wild beast; so too, a self lacking restraint.
न यमं यममित्याहुरात्मा वै यम उच्यते। आत्मा वै यमितो येन स यमस्तु विशिष्यते
They do not call Yama 'restraint'; the self is truly called restraint. By whom the self is restrained, that restraint is supreme.
यमो यम इति प्रोक्तो वृथा तूद्विजते जनः। आत्मा वै यमितो येन यमस्तस्य करोति किम्
People speak of Yama as 'restraint,' but in vain do they fear; for one who restrains the self, what can Yama do?
क्रव्यादेभ्यश्च भूतेभ्योऽदान्तेभ्यश्च सदा भयम्। तेषां विप्रतिषेधार्थं दंडः सृष्टः स्वयंभुवा
From flesh-eating beings and those without restraint, there is always fear; for restraining them, punishment was created by the Self-born.
दंडो रक्षति भूतानि दंडः पालयते प्रजाः। निवारयति पापिष्ठान्दंडो दुर्जय एव वा
Punishment protects beings; punishment preserves the people. Punishment restrains the most wicked; punishment is indeed hard to overcome.
श्यामो युवा लोहिताक्षः सर्वभूतभयावहः। दंडः शास्ता मनुष्याणां यस्मिन्धर्मः प्रतिष्ठितः
Dark, youthful, red-eyed, a source of fear for all creatures—punishment is the ruler of men, in whom righteousness is established.