न पुरग्रामदुर्गाणि न चायुधधरा नराः। म्रियंते यत्र दुःखं च नार्थशास्त्रस्य चादरः
There were no cities, villages, or fortresses, nor men bearing weapons; where there is no suffering, nor respect for the science of wealth.
धर्मैकतानाः पुरुषाः पृथौ राज्यं प्रशासति। कथितानि च पात्राणि यत्क्षीरं च यथा तव
When Pṛthu rules the kingdom, people are devoted solely to righteousness; the vessels and the milk have been described to you as you asked.
येषां येन रुचिस्तत्र तेभ्यो दत्तं विजानता। यज्ञश्रीदेषु सर्वेषु मया तुभ्यं निवेदितं
To those whose preferences were known, gifts were given accordingly; all the splendors of sacrifice have been offered to you by me.
दुहितृत्वं गता यस्मात्पृथोः पृथ्वी महामते। तस्यानुसारयोगाच्च पृथिवी विश्रुता बुधैः
Because the earth became the daughter of Pṛthu, O wise one, and by following his guidance, she is renowned among the learned as Pṛthivī.
भीष्म उवाच। आदित्यवंशमखिलं वद ब्रह्मन्यथाक्रमं। सोमवंशं च तत्त्वज्ञ यथावद्वक्तुमर्हसि
Bhīṣma said: Tell me the entire lineage of the Adityas according to order, and also the Soma dynasty, O knower of truth, as it should be told.
पुलस्त्य उवाच। विवस्वान्कश्यपात्पूर्वमदित्यामभवत्पुरा। तस्य पत्नीत्रयं तद्वत्संज्ञा राज्ञी प्रभा तथा
Pulastya said: Formerly, Vivasvān was born from Kaśyapa and Aditi; he had three wives, named Saṃjñā, Rājñī, and Prabhā.
रैवतस्य सुता राज्ञी रेवतं सुषुवे सुतं। प्रभा प्रभातं सुषुवे त्वाष्ट्रं संज्ञा तथा मनुं
Rājñī, daughter of Raivata, gave birth to Revata; Prabhā gave birth to Prabhāta, and Saṃjñā to Tvaṣṭṛ and Manu.
यमश्च यमुना चैव यमलौ च बभूवतुः। ततस्तेजोमयं रूपमसहंती विवस्वतः
Yama and Yamunā were born, and the twins Yamala; then, unable to bear the radiance of Vivasvān, they assumed forms.
नारीमुत्पादयामास स्वशरीरादनिंदितां। त्वाष्ट्री स्वरूपरूपेण नाम्ना छायेति भामिनी
He produced a woman from his own body, flawless, with a form like his own, named Chāyā, radiant in beauty.
किंकरोमीति पुरतः संस्थितां तामभाषत। छाये त्वं भज भर्तारं मदीयं तं वरानने
Standing before her, he spoke: 'Chāyā, serve my husband, O beautiful one.'
अपत्यानि मदीयानि मातृस्नेहेन पालय। तथेत्युक्त्वा च सा देवमगात्कामाय सुव्रता
Protect my children with a mother's affection; having said 'so be it,' that virtuous lady went to the god, desiring union.
कामयामास देवोपि संज्ञेयमिति चादरात्। जनयामास सावर्णिं मनुं मनुस्वरूपिणम्
The god, too, desired her, thinking 'she is Saṃjñā,' with respect; she gave birth to Sāvarṇi Manu, who bore the form of Manu.
सवर्णत्वाच्च सावर्णेर्मनोर्वैवस्वतस्य तु। ततः सुतां च तपतीं त्वाष्ट्रीं चैव क्रमेण तु
Because of his similarity in class, he was called Sāvarṇi, the son of Vaivasvata Manu; then, in due order, she bore the daughters Tapatī and the daughter of Tvaṣṭṛ.
छायायां जनयामास संज्ञेयमिति भास्करः। छाया स्वपुत्रे त्वधिकं स्नेहं चक्रे मनौ तदा
In Chāyā, the Sun begot a son named Saṃjñeya; Chāyā then showed greater affection for her own son than for Manu.
न चक्षमे मनुः पूर्वस्तद्यमः क्रोधमूर्छितः। संतर्जयामास तदा पादमुत्क्षिप्य दक्षिणं
Manu, the elder, could not tolerate this; Yama, overcome by anger, threatened her then, raising his right foot.
शशाप च यमं छाया भवतु क्रिमिसंयुतः। पादोयमेको भविता पूयशोणितविस्रवः
Chāyā cursed Yama, saying, 'Let this foot of yours be afflicted with worms, and let it alone ooze with pus and blood.'
निवेदयामास पितुर्यमः शापेन धर्षितः। निःकारणमहं शप्तो मात्रा देव सकोपया
Yama, distressed by the curse, reported to his father: 'O god, I have been cursed by my mother without cause, in anger.'
बालभावान्मया किंचिदुद्यतश्चरणः सकृत्। मनुना वार्यमाणापि मम शापमदाद्विभो
'Because of my childishness, I only once raised my foot a little; even though Manu tried to restrain me, she gave me this curse, O lord.'
प्रायो न माता सास्माकमसमा स्नेहतो यतः। देवोप्याह यमं भूयः किं करोमि महामते५० 1.8.
'She is not truly our mother, for her affection is not equal to ours.' The god then said again to Yama, 'What can I do, O wise one?'
सौख्यात्कस्य न दुःखं स्यादथवा कर्मसंततिः। अनिवार्या भवस्यापि का कथान्येषु जंतुषु
'Who does not experience suffering for the sake of happiness? Or, perhaps, it is the chain of actions; if even for beings like you it cannot be avoided, what of others?'
कृकवाकुस्तव पदे स क्रिमिं भक्षयिष्यति। खंजं च रुचिरं चैव पादमेतद्भविष्यति
'At your foot, a crow will eat the worm; this foot will become both lame and disfigured.'
एवमुक्तः समाश्वस्तस्तपस्तीव्रं चकार ह। वैराग्यात्पुष्करे तीर्थे फलफेनानिलाशनः
Thus addressed, he was reassured and undertook severe austerity; out of detachment, at the sacred Puṣkara, he lived on fruits, foam, and air.
पितामहं समाराध्य यावद्वर्षायुतं पुनः। तपःप्रभावाद्देवेशः संतुष्टः पद्मसंभवः
Having worshipped the Grandfather for ten thousand years, by the power of his austerity, the lord of gods, Padmabhu, was satisfied.
वव्रे स लोकपालत्वं पितृलोकं तथाक्षयं। धर्माधर्मात्मकस्यास्य जगतस्तु परीक्षणम्
He asked for the office of guardian of the world, the imperishable realm of the ancestors, and the authority to judge the world, which is composed of righteousness and unrighteousness.
एवं स लोकपालत्वमगमत्पद्मसंभवात्। पितॄणामाधिपत्यं च धर्माधर्मस्य चानघ
Thus, from Padmabhu he attained the position of world-guardian, lordship over the ancestors, and authority over righteousness and unrighteousness, O sinless one.
विवस्वानथ तज्ज्ञात्वा संज्ञायाः कर्मचेष्टितं। त्वष्टुः समीपमगमदाचचक्षे सरोषवान्
Then Vivasvān, knowing the actions of Saṃjñā, went to Tvaṣṭṛ and, filled with anger, spoke to him.
तमुवाच ततस्त्वष्टा सांत्वपूर्वमिदं वचः। तवासहंती भगवंस्तेजस्तीव्रं तमोनुद
Then Tvaṣṭṛ spoke these words to him, first with gentle speech: 'O blessed one, your radiance, dispeller of darkness, was unbearable to her.'
बडवारूपमास्थाय मत्सकाशमिहागता। निवारिता मया सा च त्वद्भयेन दिवस्पते
'Assuming the form of a mare, she came to me here; I restrained her, O lord of the day, because of fear of you.'
यस्मादविज्ञातमना मत्सकाशमिहागता। तस्मान्मदीयं भवनं प्रवेष्टुं न तवार्हति
Because you have come here to me with an unrecognized mind, you are therefore not worthy to enter my dwelling.
एवमुक्ता जगामाशु मरुदेशमनिंदिता। बडवारूपमास्थाय भूतले संप्रतिष्ठिता
Thus addressed, she swiftly went to the desert region, unblemished, taking the form of a mare and stood upon the earth.