स्वर्गापवर्गं मानुष्यात्प्राप्नुवंति नरा नृप। यच्चाभिरुचितं स्थानं तद्यांति मनुजा विभो
O King, humans attain heaven, liberation, or whatever realm they desire; they go to the place that is agreeable to them, O Lord.
प्रजास्ता ब्रह्मणा सृष्टाश्चातुर्वर्ण्यव्यवस्थितौ। सम्यक्शुद्धाः समाचारा चरणा नृपसत्तम
Those beings were created by Brahmā, established in the fourfold order; they were pure, of good conduct, and steadfast, O best of kings.
यथेच्छावासनिरताः सर्वबाधाविवर्जिताः। शुद्धांतःकरणाः शुद्धा धर्मानुष्ठाननिर्मलाः
Devoted to living as they wished, free from all afflictions, pure in mind, pure in heart, and spotless in the practice of dharma.
शुद्धे च तासां मनसि शुद्धांतःसंस्थिते हरौ। शुद्धज्ञानं प्रपश्यंति ब्रह्माख्यं येन तत्पदं
With their minds pure, their hearts established in the pure Lord, they perceive pure knowledge—Brahman itself—by which that supreme state is attained.
ततः कालात्मको योसौ विरिंचा वा स उच्यते। संसारपातमत्यर्थं घोरमल्पाल्पसारवत्
Then, that entity called Time, or Virin̄ci, is said to be the cause of the fall into saṃsāra, which is extremely dreadful, impure, and of little substance.
अधर्मबीजभूतं तत्तमोलोभसमुद्गतम्। प्रजासु तासु राजेंद्र रागादिक्रमसाधनम्
That principle, arising from the seed of unrighteousness and born of darkness and greed, becomes, O king, the means for the rise of passion and similar qualities among those beings.
ततः सा सहजासिद्धिस्तेषां नातीव जायते। राजन्वश्यादयश्चान्याः सिद्धयोष्टौ भवंति याः
Then, their innate accomplishments do not arise abundantly; O king, and the other eight accomplishments, such as control, also manifest.
तासु क्षीणास्वशेषासु वर्द्धमाने च पातके। द्वंद्वाभिभवदुःखार्तास्ता भवंति ततः प्रजाः
When those accomplishments are diminished or exhausted, and sin increases, then those beings become afflicted by the suffering of dualities.
ततो दुर्गाणि ताश्चक्रुर्वार्क्षं पार्वतमौदकम्। धान्वनं च तथा दुर्गं पुरं खार्वटकादि यत्
Thereafter, they made fortresses—mountainous, forested, watery, and woodland strongholds, as well as cities and villages, O King.
गृहाणि च यथान्यायं तेषु चक्रुः पुरादिषु। शीततापादिबाधानां प्रशमाय महामते
They built houses in those cities and other places, as appropriate, O wise one, to alleviate afflictions from cold, heat, and the like.
प्रतिहारमिमं कृत्वा शीतादेस्ताः प्रजाः पुनः। वार्तोपायं ततश्चक्रुर्हस्तसिद्धिं च कर्मजाम्
Having thus established these protections against cold and so on, those beings then devised means of livelihood and acquired skill in manual work.
व्रीहयश्च यवाश्चैव गोधूमा अणवस्तिलाः। प्रियंगुकोविदाराश्च कोरदूषाः सचीनकाः
Rice, barley, wheat, millet, sesame, priyangu, kodrava, and china—these grains and pulses were produced.
माषा मुद्गा मसूराश्च निष्पावाः सकुलत्थकाः। अढकाश्चणकाश्चैव शणास्सप्तदश स्मृताः
Black gram, green gram, lentils, niṣpāva, kulattha, aḍhaka, chickpeas, and hemp—seventeen are thus remembered.
इत्येता ओषधीनां तु ग्राम्याणां जातयो नृप। ओषध्यो यज्ञियाश्चैव ग्राम्यावन्याश्चतुर्दश
These are the types of cultivated plants, O King; and there are fourteen cultivated and wild grains suitable for sacrifice.
व्रीहयः सयवा माषा गोधूमा अणवस्तिलाः। प्रियंगुसप्तमा ह्येता अष्टमास्तु कुलुत्थकाः
Rice, barley, black gram, wheat, millet, sesame, priyangu—these are the seven; the eighth is kulattha.
श्यामाकस्त्वथ नीवारो वर्तुलस्स गवेधुकः। अथ वेणुयवाः प्रोक्तास्तद्वन्मर्कटका नृप
Śyāmāka, nīvāra, vartula, gavedhuka, veṇuyava, and markaṭaka are also mentioned, O King.
ग्राम्या वन्याः स्मृता ह्येता ओषध्यश्च चतुर्दश। यज्ञनिष्पत्तये तद्वत्तथासां हेतुरुत्तमः १५० 1.3.
These fourteen, both cultivated and wild, are known as sacrificial plants; they are the best means for the accomplishment of sacrifice.
एताश्च सहयज्ञेन प्रजानां कारणं परम्। परापरविदः प्राज्ञास्ततो यज्ञान्वितन्वते
And these, together with sacrifice, are the supreme cause of beings; therefore, the wise who know the higher and lower truths perform sacrifices.
अहन्यहन्यनुष्ठानं यज्ञानां पार्थिवोत्तम। उपकारकरं पुंसां क्रियमाणं फलार्थिनाम्
Day after day, the performance of sacrifices, O best of kings, is beneficial for people who act seeking their reward.
येषां चकालसृष्टोसौ पपा(?)बिंदुर्महामते। मर्यादां स्थापयामास यथास्थानं यथागुणम्
For those whose creation occurred in that age, O wise one, he established boundaries according to place and merit.
वर्णानामाश्रमाणां च धर्मान्धर्मभृतांवर। लोकांश्च सर्ववर्णानां सम्यग्धर्मानुपालिनाम्
For the castes and stages of life, O foremost upholder of dharma, he set forth their duties, and for all castes who properly follow dharma, their worlds.
प्राजापत्यं ब्राह्मणानां स्मृतं स्थानं तु पार्थिव। स्थानमैंद्रं क्षत्रियाणां सङ्ग्रामेष्वनिवर्तिनाम्
The place called Prajapatya is remembered for Brahmins, O king; the place called Indra is for Kshatriyas who do not turn back in battle.
वैश्यानाम्मारुतं स्थानं स्वधर्ममनुवर्तिनाम्। गान्धर्वं शूद्रजातीनां परिचर्या सुवर्तिनाम्
For Vaishyas who follow their own duty, the place is that of Maruta; for Shudras who excel in service, the place is Gandharva.
अष्टाशीतिसहस्राणां यतीनामूर्द्ध्वरेतसाम्। स्मृतं तेषां तु यत्स्थानं तदेव गुरुवासिनाम्
For eighty-eight thousand ascetics with uplifted semen, their remembered place is the same as that of those who dwell with their teacher.
सप्तर्षीणां च यत्स्थानं स्मृतं तद्वै वनौकसाम्। प्राजापत्यं गृहस्थानां न्यासिनां ब्राह्मसंज्ञितम्
The place remembered for the seven sages is that of forest-dwellers; Prajapatya is for householders, and Brahma-named for renunciants.
योगिनाममृतं स्थानं ब्रह्मणः परमं पदं। एकांतिनः सदोद्युक्ता ध्यायिनो योगिनो हि ये
For yogis, the place is immortal—the supreme abode of Brahman; those who are solitary, always diligent, and meditative yogis.
तेषां तत्परमं स्थानं यत्तत्पश्यंति सूरयः। गतागतानि वर्त्तंते चंद्रादित्यादयो ग्रहाः
For them, that supreme place is what the sages perceive; the moon, sun, and other planets revolve in coming and going.
अद्यापि न निवर्तंते नारायणपरायणाः। तामिस्रमंधतामिस्रं महारौरव रौरवम्
Even today, those devoted to Narayana do not return; Tāmisra, Andhatāmisra, Mahāraurava, and Raurava.
असिपत्रवनं घोरं कालसूत्रमवीचिमत्। विनिंदकानां वेदस्य यज्ञव्याघातकारिणाम्
The dreadful forest of sword-leaves, Kālasūtra, Avīci—these are for those who violate the Veda and obstruct sacrifice.
स्थानमेतत्समाख्यातं स्वधर्मत्यागिनश्च ये। ततोभिध्यायतस्तस्य जज्ञिरे मानसाः प्रजाः
This place is declared for those who abandon their own duty; from his meditation, mental offspring were born.