स्वयं कर्मण्यशक्तश्चेत्सुतं विप्रं नियोजयेत् । राजकार्यनियुक्तस्य दासग्रहणवर्तिनः
If one is personally unable to perform the rite, one should appoint a son or a Brāhmaṇa; for one engaged in royal service or in the house of a master—
व्यसनेषु समस्तेषु श्राद्धं विप्रेण कारयेत् । प्रातःकाले तु न श्राद्धं प्रकुर्वंति द्विजोत्तमाः
In all such adversities, the śrāddha should be performed by a Brāhmaṇa; but the best of twice-born do not perform śrāddha in the morning.
नैमित्तिकेषु श्राद्धेषु न कालनियमः स्मृतः
For occasional śrāddhas, there is no fixed time prescribed.
गृहादिव्यतिरिक्तस्य प्रक्रमः कुतुपः स्मृतः । कुतुपादथवाप्यर्वागासन्नकुतुपो भवेत्
Except for those performed at home and similar, the proper time is called kutupa; or it may be performed a little before or after kutupa.
मासेमासे यथाश्राद्धेऽपराह्णस्पृग्विधीयते । अपराह्णव्यापिनी स्यादुभयत्र यदा त्वमा
For monthly śrāddhas, the prescribed time is the afternoon; when the new moon extends into both, it applies to both cases.
क्षये पूर्वा तु कर्तव्या वृद्धौ साम्ये परा स्मृता । अमावास्या तु या हि स्यादपराह्णद्वये समा
When it decreases, it should be done earlier; when it increases or is equal, the later time is prescribed; but if the new moon falls equally on two afternoons—
क्षये पूर्वा परा वृद्धौ साम्येऽपि च परा भवेत् । क्षीणस्तु चंद्रमा यत्र तत्र श्राद्धं तु पार्वणम्
When the moon is waning, the earlier tithi prevails; when waxing, the later tithi prevails; even if they are equal, the later prevails. Wherever the moon is diminished, there the Parvaṇa Śrāddha should be performed.
अमाष्टभागे सूक्ष्मोऽसौ भूताष्टांशे स नास्ति चेत् । मध्याह्नव्यापिनी सा स्यादेकोद्दिष्टे तिथिर्भवेत्
If, at the eighth part of the new moon, only a subtle portion remains, and at the eighth part of the waxing phase it is absent, then the tithi that extends into midday is considered for the Ekoddiṣṭa rite.
सायाह्नव्यापिनी या स्यात्पार्वणे सा तिथिर्भवेत् । अल्पापराह्णगा यामा ग्राह्या श्राद्धादिके भवेत्
The tithi that extends into the evening is considered for Parvaṇa; those that last only a short time in the afternoon are acceptable for Śrāddha and similar rites.
मृताहे त्रिमुहूर्ता च सायंकाले तिथिर्भवेत् । परेह्यस्तंगता यत्र त्रिमुहूर्तं तु पूर्ववत्
On the day of death, if the tithi lasts for three muhūrtas in the evening, it is considered valid; if it sets after that, then for three muhūrtas, it is as before.
तत्रापरेद्युः श्राद्धं स्याज्ज्येष्ठपुत्रस्य नाशनम् । अमाश्राद्धं यथा कुर्यान्मृताहे समुपस्थिते
In that case, the Śrāddha should be performed on the next day; otherwise, it brings destruction to the eldest son. The Amā Śrāddha should be performed as prescribed when the day of death arrives.
मध्याह्नव्यापिनी तत्र ह्य द्विजस्य विधीयते । राम उवाच- श्राद्धक्रममशेषेण मर्त्यकर्मक्रमं तथा
If the tithi extends into midday, then for a twice-born person, that is prescribed. Rāma said: Please explain in full the order of Śrāddha and the sequence of rites for mortals.
प्रासंगिकानां धर्माणां निर्णयं वक्तुमर्हसि । शंभुरुवाच- श्राद्धस्य दिवसे प्राप्ते पूर्वेद्युर्नियमान्वितः
You should declare the decision regarding the incidental duties. Śambhu said: When the day for Śrāddha arrives, on the previous day, one should, with proper observance,
निमंत्रयीत विप्रेंद्रान्विप्रलक्षणसंयुतान् । एकभुक्तं ब्रह्मचर्यमंत्यजाद्यैरभाषणम्
invite eminent Brāhmaṇas who possess the marks of a Brāhmaṇa; observe single-meal fasting, celibacy, and avoid speaking with outcastes and the like.
दंतधावनमभ्यंग नखकेशनिकृंतनम् । कर्ता कुर्वीत पूर्वेद्युस्त्यक्त्वा चैव परेऽहनि
On the previous day, one should brush the teeth, bathe, and trim nails and hair; these should be done, abandoning them on the following day.
गृह्णीतनियमानुक्तान्सर्वमेतत्परित्यजेत् । त्रिकालं चैव पूजा चेत्प्रातर्देवं यजेत्स्वकम्
One should observe all the prescribed disciplines, but on the Śrāddha day, all these should be abandoned. If one worships thrice daily, then in the morning, one should worship one's chosen deity.
अरुणोदयवेलायां करोति यदि पूजनम् । अधःशायी तथा भूतः प्रातरुत्थाय कर्मवित्
If one performs worship at the time of dawn, lying on the ground, then, having risen in the morning, the knower of rites
प्रातस्त्यमपि यत्कर्म तत्कृत्वा स्नानपूर्वकम् । ऋणत्रयविनिर्मुक्तो यास्यति ब्रह्मतत्परम्
Having performed whatever morning duties there are, preceded by bathing, he, freed from the three debts, will attain the supreme state of Brahman.
सूर्यस्योदयवेलायां शिवपूजां करोति यः । सूर्येणसम तेजस्वी शिवलोके महीयते
Whoever performs Śiva worship at sunrise shines with the brilliance of the sun and is honored in the realm of Śiva.
उदिते भास्करे पश्चाद्धटिकांतरपूजनम् । रुद्रेणसम तेजस्वी शिवलोके महीयते
If, after the sun has risen, one performs worship after a ghaṭikā interval, he shines with the brilliance of Rudra and is honored in the realm of Śiva.
तृतीयघटिकायां तु शिवपूजां समाचरेत् । कुबेरसम तेजस्वी शिवलोके महीयते
If one performs Śiva worship at the third ghaṭikā, he shines with the brilliance of Kubera and is honored in the realm of Śiva.
तृतीयघटिकायां तु शिवपूजां समाचरेत् । कुबेरसम तेजस्वी शिवलोके महीयते
If one performs Śiva worship at the third ghaṭikā, he shines with the brilliance of Kubera and is honored in the realm of Śiva.
चतुर्थीपंचमीषष्ठीसप्तमी घटिकासु यः । शिवं पूजयते भक्त्या शिवलोके मरुत्समः
Whoever worships Śiva with devotion during the fourth, fifth, sixth, or seventh ghaṭikā is like the Maruts in the realm of Śiva.
तत्काल एव क्रियते पूजा यत्कालनोदिता । यथा प्रतिज्ञमथवा गृहीत नियमो यजेत्
At whatever time the worship is performed, as indicated by the time, one should worship according to one's vow or as previously undertaken.
उपचारेषु शक्त्या वै नियमं परिपालयेत् । नियमातिक्रमे वापि यागश्च स्याद्विभोर्यदि
One should observe discipline to the best of one's ability in the offerings; even if discipline is transgressed, if the worship is for the Lord, it is still valid.
श्रीराम उवाच- क्व पूजा देवदेवस्य शंकरस्यामितौजसः । स्मरणात्पापनाशस्य स्मरणान्मोक्षदस्य च
Śrī Rāma said: Where is the worship of the god of gods, Śaṅkara of boundless energy, who destroys sin by remembrance and grants liberation by remembrance?
शिवस्य शिवरूपस्य शिवतत्त्वार्थवेदिनः । सोमस्य सोमभूषस्य सोमनेत्रस्य राजितुः
Of Śiva, who is auspicious in form, who knows the essence of auspiciousness, who is Soma, adorned with the moon, whose eye is the moon, who is the sovereign.
वेदमूर्तेरमूर्तेश्च वेदसारस्य वेदिनः । वेदवेदांगवित्तस्य वेद्यावेद्यस्य योगिनः
Of the embodiment of the Vedas, the Lord beyond form, the knower of the essence of the Vedas, who knows the Vedas and their limbs, the knowable and the knower, the yogin.
गोक्षीरसमदेहस्य गोक्षीरस्नानमोदिनः । गोपालिनस्त्रिनेत्रस्य त्रयीनेत्रस्य मायिनः
Of him whose body is like cow's milk, who delights in bathing with cow's milk, the protector of cows, the three-eyed one, the seer of the three Vedas, the master of illusion.
प्रश्नमध्ये तथा रामं शिवज्ञानमथादिशत् । स्थाणुभूतइवासीनो नासाग्रन्यस्तलोचनः
In the midst of the question, he instructed Rāma in the knowledge of Śiva; remaining motionless, with his gaze fixed at the tip of his nose.