आज्ञायित्वा स्वकाद्राष्ट्राद्राजा तं विप्रवासयेत् । पश्चात्सद्भ्यो ददातीह स्वद्रव्यं धर्मसाधनम्
The king, having learned this, should banish him from his own kingdom; but one who later gives his own wealth to the worthy as a means of dharma—
सपूर्वाभ्यधिकः पापी नरके पच्यते नरः । स्वाध्यायवंतो ये विप्रा विद्यावंतो जितेंद्रियाः
—is more sinful than before and is cooked in hell; those Brahmins who are devoted to self-study, learned, and self-controlled—
सत्यसंयमसंयुक्तास्तेभ्यो दद्याद्द्विजोत्तमाः । प्रभुक्तमपि विद्वांसं धार्मिकं भोजयेद्द्विजम्
Those endowed with truthfulness and self-restraint—one should give to them, O best of twice-born; even if already eaten, a learned and righteous Brahmin should be fed.
न च मूर्खमवृत्तस्थं दशरात्रमुपोषितम् । सन्निकृष्टमतिक्रम्य श्रोत्रियं यः प्रयच्छति
But not to a fool, not to one of bad conduct, nor to one who has fasted for ten nights; whoever, bypassing a worthy scholar, gives to such a person—
स तेन कर्मणा पापी दहत्यासप्तमं कुलम् । यदि स्यादधिको विप्रः शीलविद्यादिभिः स्वयम्
By that act, he becomes sinful and burns up to the seventh generation of his family; if, however, a Brahmin excels in character, knowledge, and the like—
तस्मै यत्नेन दातव्यमतिक्रम्य च सन्निधिम् । योर्चितं प्रतिगृह्णीयाद्दद्यादर्चितमेव च
To him, one should give with effort, even bypassing those present; if one receives what is offered with respect, one should also give with respect.
तावुभौ गच्छतः स्वर्गं नरकं तु विपर्यये । न वार्यपि प्रयच्छेत नास्तिके हैतुकेपि च
Both of them attain heaven; in the reverse case, they go to hell. One should not give even water to an atheist or to one who argues against the Veda.
न पाखंडेषु सर्वेषु नावेदविदिधर्मवित् । रूप्यं चैव हिरण्यं च गामश्वं पृथिवीं तिलान्
One should not give to heretics, nor to those ignorant of the Veda or Dharma; whether it be silver, gold, cows, horses, land, or sesame seeds.
अविद्वान्प्रतिगृह्णीयाद्भस्मी भवति काष्ठवत् । द्विजातिभ्यो धनं लिप्सेत्प्रशस्तेभ्यो द्विजोतमः
If an unlearned man accepts, he becomes like wood turned to ashes; a Brahmin should seek wealth only from worthy twice-born men.
अपि राजन्यवैश्याभ्यां न तु शूद्रात्कथंचन । वृत्तिसंकोचमन्विच्छेन्नेहेत धनविस्तरम्
Even from Kshatriyas and Vaishyas, but never from a Shudra in any way; one should seek only a modest livelihood here, not the accumulation of wealth.
धनलोभे प्रसक्तस्तु ब्राह्मण्यादेव हीयते । वेदानधीत्य सकलान्यज्ञांश्चावाप्य सर्वशः
One attached to greed for wealth falls away from Brahminhood; even after studying all the Vedas and performing all sacrifices—
न तां गतिमवाप्नोति संतोषाद्यामवाप्नुयात् । प्रतिग्रहरुचिर्न स्याच्छूद्रान्न तु समाहरेत्
He does not attain that state which comes from contentment; one should not desire gifts from Shudras, nor accept from them.
स्थित्यर्थादधिकं गृह्णन्ब्राह्मणो यात्यधोगतिम् । यस्तु याति न संतोषं न स स्वर्गस्य भाजनम्
A Brahmin who accepts more than needed for subsistence goes to a lower state; he who is never content is not fit for heaven.
उद्वेजयति भूतानि यथा चौरस्तथैव सः । गुरुं भृत्यांश्चोज्जिहीर्षुस्तर्पयन्देवतातिथीन्
He disturbs beings just like a thief; one who seeks to deprive his teacher or servants, even while satisfying gods and guests—
सर्वतः प्रतिगृह्णीयान्न तु तृप्येत्स्वयं ततः । एवं गृहस्थो युक्तात्मा देवतातिथिपूजकः
May accept from all sides, but should not himself become satisfied thereby; thus a householder, self-controlled and devoted to honoring gods and guests—
वर्तमानः संयतात्मा याति तत्परमं पदम् । पुत्रेषु भार्यां निक्षिप्य गत्वारण्यं तु तत्त्ववित्
Living with a restrained mind, attains that supreme state; having entrusted his wife to his sons, and gone to the forest, the knower of truth—
एकाकी विचरेन्नित्यमुदासीनः समाहितः । एष वः कथितो धर्म्मो गृहस्थानां द्विजोत्तमाः । ज्ञात्वा तु तिष्ठेन्नियतं तथानुष्ठापयेद्द्विजान्
Should always wander alone, detached and concentrated; thus, O best of twice-born, the dharma of householders has been explained to you. Knowing this, one should remain disciplined and instruct the twice-born accordingly.
इति देवमनादिमेकमीशं गृहधर्मेण समर्चयेदजस्रम् । समतीत्य स सर्वभूतयोनिं प्रकृतिं याति परं न याति जन्म
Thus, one should ceaselessly worship the one, beginningless Lord through the duties of a householder; transcending all beings and nature, he attains the supreme and is not born again.
व्यास उवाच- एवं गृहाश्रमे स्थित्वा द्वितीयं भागमायुषः । वानप्रस्थाश्रमं गच्छेत्सदारः साग्निरेव च
Vyasa said: Thus, having lived in the householder stage for the second part of life, one should go to the forest-dweller stage, taking along his wife and sacred fire.
निक्षिप्य भार्यां पुत्रेषु गच्छेद्वनमथापि वा । दृष्ट्वापत्यस्य वापत्यं जर्जरीकृतविग्रहः
Entrusting his wife to his sons, he should go to the forest, or else, seeing his children’s children and his body grown old and worn out—
शुक्लपक्षस्य पूर्वाह्णे प्रशस्ते चोत्तरायणे । गत्वारण्यं नियमवांस्तपः कुर्यात्समाहितः
In the bright fortnight, during the forenoon, and in the auspicious northern course of the sun, one should go to the forest, self-restrained, and practice austerity with concentration.
फलमूलानि पूतानि नित्यमाहारमाहरेत् । यदाहारो भवेत्तेन पूजयेत्पितृदेवताः
One should always take pure fruits and roots as food; with whatever food is obtained, one should worship the ancestors and the gods.
पूजयेदतिथिं नित्यं स्नात्वा चाभ्यर्चयेत्सुरान् । गृहादादाय चाश्नीयादष्टौ ग्रासान्समाहितः
One should daily honor the guest, bathe, and then worship the gods; after bringing food from the house, one should eat, mindfully, eight mouthfuls.
जटाश्च बिभृयान्नित्यं नखरोमाणि नोत्सृजेत् । स्वाध्यायं सर्वथा कुर्यान्नियच्छेद्वाचमन्यतः
One should always keep matted hair, not cut nails or hair, always perform self-study, and restrain speech in every way.
अग्निहोत्रं च जुहुयात्पंचयज्ञान्समाचरेत् । उत्पन्नैर्विविधैर्मेध्यैः शाकमूलफलेन वा
One should offer the agnihotra and perform the five sacrifices, using various pure vegetables, roots, or fruits that have arisen.
चीरवासा भवेन्नित्यं स्नायात्त्रिषवणं शुचिः । सर्वभूतानुकंपश्च प्रतिग्रहविवर्जितः
One should always wear bark garments, bathe three times a day, remain pure, be compassionate to all beings, and avoid accepting gifts.
दर्शेन पौर्णमासेन यजेत नियतं द्विजः । ऋत्विष्ट्याग्रयणे चैव चातुर्मास्यानि कारयेत्
A twice-born should regularly perform the new and full moon sacrifices, as well as the seasonal and four-monthly rites, with the prescribed offerings.
उत्तरायणं च क्रमशो दक्षिणायनमेव च । वासंतशारदैर्मेद्ध्यैरुत्पन्नैः स्वयमाहृतैः
During the northern and southern courses of the sun, one should use what is produced in spring and autumn, pure and self-gathered.
पुरोडाशांश्चरूंश्चैव विधिवन्निर्वपेत्पृथक् । देवताभ्यः पितृभ्यश्च दत्त्वा मेध्यतरं हविः
One should properly offer separately the sacrificial cakes and oblations, giving the purest portion as an offering to the gods and ancestors.
शेषं समुपभुंजीत लवणं च स्वयंकृतम् । वर्ज्जयेन्मद्यमांसानि भौमानि कवकानि च
One should partake of the remainder, and use only salt prepared by oneself; one must avoid wine, meat, foods grown in the ground, and mushrooms.