असंगतं पर्य्युषितं पर्यस्तान्नं च नित्यशः । काककुक्कुटसंस्पृष्टं कृमिभिश्चैव संगतम्
Food that is not properly mixed, that is stale, or that has been scattered should always be avoided, as well as food touched by crows or chickens, or contaminated by worms.
मनुष्यैरप्यवघ्रातं कुष्ठिना स्पृष्टमेव च । न रजस्वलया दत्तं न पुंश्चल्या सरोगया
Food smelled by people, touched by a leper, given by a menstruating woman, or by a woman of ill-repute or one who is diseased, should not be eaten.
मलवद्वाससा वापि परवासोथ वर्जयेत् । विवत्सायाश्च गोक्षीरं मेषस्यानिर्दशस्य च
One should avoid food given by someone wearing dirty clothes or another's garment, as well as the milk of a cow whose calf is dead, and that of a sheep or a goat that has not borne young.
आविकं संधिनीक्षीरमपेयं मनुरब्रवीत् । बलाकं हंसदात्यूहं कलविंकं शुकं तथा
Manu has declared that one should not drink sheep's milk or milk from a she-goat at the time of joining, nor eat the meat of the crane, swan, waterfowl, lapwing, or parrot.
कुरुरं च चकोरं च जालपादं च कोकिलम् । वायसान्खंजरीटांश्च श्येनं गृध्रं तथैव च
One should also avoid the curlew, the partridge, the net-footed bird, the cuckoo, crows, wagtails, hawks, and vultures.
उलूकं चक्रवाकं च भासं पारावतं तथा । कपोतं टिट्टिभं चैव ग्रामकुक्कुटमेव च
One should not eat the owl, the ruddy goose, the kite, the pigeon, the dove, the sandpiper, or the village hen.
सिंहं व्याघ्रं च मार्जारं श्वानं सूकरमेव च । शृगालं मर्कटं चैव गर्द्दभं न च भक्षयेत्
One should not eat the lion, tiger, cat, dog, pig, jackal, monkey, or donkey.
न भक्षयेत्सर्पमृगाञ्छिखिनोन्यान्वनेचरान् । जलेचरान्स्थलचरान्प्राणिनश्चेति धारणा
One should not eat snakes, wild animals, peacocks, or other forest-dwelling creatures, nor those living in water or on land—such is the rule.
गोधा कूर्मः शशः खड्गः सल्लकश्चेति सत्तमाः । भक्ष्यान्पंचनखान्नित्यं मनुराह प्रजापतिः
The iguana, tortoise, hare, rhinoceros, and porcupine—these five-clawed animals are always considered edible, so says Manu, the lord of creatures.
मत्स्यान्सशल्कान्भुंजीत मांसं रौरवमेव च । निवेद्य देवताभ्यस्तु ब्राह्मणेभ्यश्च नान्यथा
One may eat fish with scales and the meat of the raurava animal, but only after offering them to the deities and to Brahmins, and not otherwise.
मयूरं तित्तिरं चैव कपोतं च कपिंजलम् । वार्ध्रीणसं बकं भक्ष्यं मीनं हंसं पराजितम्
The peacock, the partridge, the dove, the francolin, the vulture, the crane, the fish, the swan, and the partridge are permitted as food.
शफरी सिंहतुंडं च तथा पाठीनरोहितौ । मत्स्याश्चैते समुद्दिष्टा भक्षणीया द्विजोत्तमाः
The śapharī fish, the siṃhatuṇḍa, as well as the pāṭhīna and rohiṭa—these fish are declared as edible for the best of the twice-born.
प्रोक्षितं भक्षयेदेषां मांसं च द्विजकाम्यया । यथाविधि प्रयुक्तं च प्राणानामपि चात्यये
One may eat the flesh of these, after purification, if a twice-born desires, as prescribed, and even in situations of life-threatening danger.
भक्षयेन्नैव मांसानि शेषभोजी न लिप्यते । औषधार्थमशक्तो वा नियोगाद्यज्ञकारणात्
One should not eat other kinds of flesh; the one who eats leftovers is not tainted, whether for medicinal purposes, inability, by command, or for the sake of sacrifice.
आमंत्रितश्च यः श्राद्धे दैवे वा मांसमुत्सृजेत् । यावंति पशुरोमाणि तावन्नरकमृच्छति
If one invited to a śrāddha or divine rite rejects meat, for as many hairs as are on the animal, for that many years he goes to hell.
अदेयं वाप्यपेयं वा तथैवास्पृश्यमेव वा । द्विजातीनामनालोक्यं नित्यं मद्यमिति स्थितिः
That which is not to be given, not to be drunk, or not to be touched—such is always forbidden for the twice-born; this is the rule regarding liquor.
तस्मात्सर्वप्रयत्नेन मद्यं नित्यं विवर्जयेत् । पीत्वा पतति कर्म्मभ्यस्त्वसंभाष्यो भवेद्द्विजः
Therefore, one should always avoid liquor with all effort; having drunk, a twice-born falls from duty and becomes unfit for association.
भक्षयित्वाप्यभक्ष्याणि पीत्वाऽपेयान्यपि द्विजः । नाधिकारी भवेत्तावद्यावत्तन्न जहात्यधः
Even after eating the inedible or drinking the forbidden, a twice-born is not qualified until he fully abandons those acts.
तस्मात्परिहरेन्नित्यमभक्ष्याणि प्रयत्नतः । अपेयानि च विप्रो वै तथा चेद्याति रौरवम्
Therefore, a brāhmaṇa should always carefully avoid the inedible and the forbidden; if not, he goes to Raurava hell.
इति श्रीपाद्मे महापुराणे स्वर्गखंडे भक्ष्याभक्ष्यनियमो नाम षट्पंचाशत्तमोऽध्यायः
Thus ends the fifty-sixth chapter named 'The Rule of Edible and Inedible' in the Svargakhaṇḍa of the glorious Padma Purāṇa.
व्यास उवाच- अथातः संप्रवक्ष्यामि दानधर्म्ममनुत्तमम् । ब्रह्मणाभिहितं पूर्वमृषीणां ब्रह्मवादिनाम्
Vyāsa said: Now, I shall explain the supreme law of giving, as formerly spoken by Brahmā to the sages who know Brahman.
अर्थानामुचितं पात्रे श्रद्धया प्रतिपादनम् । दानमित्यभिनिर्दिष्टं भुक्तिमुक्तिफलप्रदम्
To offer wealth appropriately, with faith, to a worthy recipient is called 'dāna'—giving—which bestows both enjoyment and liberation.
यो ददाति विशिष्टेभ्यः श्रद्धया परया युतः । तद्वै दत्तमहं मन्ये शेषं कस्यापि रक्षति
He who gives with supreme faith to the distinguished—such a gift I consider true giving; the rest is preserved for someone else.
नित्यं नैमित्तिकं काम्यं त्रिविधं दानमुच्यते । चतुर्थं विमलं प्रोक्तं सर्वदानोत्तमोत्तमम्
Giving is said to be of three kinds: regular, occasional, and desire-motivated; the fourth, called pure, is declared the highest of all gifts.
अहन्यहनि यत्किंचिद्दीयते नुपकारिणे । अनुद्दिश्यफलं तस्माद्ब्राह्मणाय तु नित्यकम्
Whatever is given daily, without expectation of return, to a brāhmaṇa, not aiming at a specific result, is called regular giving.
यत्तु पापोपशांत्यर्थं दीयते विदुषां करे । नैमित्तिकं तदुद्दिष्टं दानं सद्भिरनुत्तमम्
That which is given for the removal of sin, into the hands of the wise, is called occasional giving, and is praised by the virtuous as supreme.
अपत्यविजयैश्वर्य सुखार्थं यत्प्रदीयते । दानं तत्काम्यमाख्यातमृषिभिर्धर्मचिंतकैः
That which is given for the sake of offspring, victory, wealth, or happiness is called desire-motivated giving by the sages devoted to dharma.
यदीश्वरस्य प्रीत्यर्थं ब्रह्मवित्सु प्रदीयते । चेतसा धर्मयुक्तेन दानं तद्विमलं शिवम्
That which is given to the knowers of Brahman, with a mind joined to righteousness, for the pleasure of the Lord, is called pure and auspicious giving.
दानधर्मं निषेवेत पात्रमासाद्य शक्तितः । उपास्यते तु तत्पात्रं यत्तारयति सर्वतः
One should practice the duty of giving, upon finding a worthy recipient and according to one's ability; indeed, that recipient is to be revered who delivers one from all troubles.
कुटुंबभुक्तिवसनाद्देयं यदतिरिच्यते । अन्यथा दीयते यद्वै न तद्दानं फलप्रदम्
Whatever exceeds the needs of one's family for food and clothing should be given; if given otherwise, such a gift does not yield its proper fruit.