कुरुरं च चकोरं च जालपादं च कोकिलम् । वायसान्खंजरीटांश्च श्येनं गृध्रं तथैव च
One should not eat the kurura bird, the chakora, the jalapada, the kokila, the crow, the khanjariṭa, the shyen (hawk), nor the vulture.
उलूकं चक्रवाकं च भासं पारावतं तथा । कपोतं टिट्टिभं चैव ग्रामकुक्कुटमेव च
Nor should one eat the owl, the chakravaka, the bhāsa, the pigeon, the dove, the titibha, nor the village rooster.
सिंहं व्याघ्रं च मार्जारं श्वानं सूकरमेव च । शृगालं मर्कटं चैव गर्द्दभं न च भक्षयेत्
One should not eat the lion, the tiger, the cat, the dog, the boar, the jackal, the monkey, nor the donkey.
न भक्षयेत्सर्पमृगाञ्छिखिनोन्यान्वनेचरान् । जलेचरान्स्थलचरान्प्राणिनश्चेति धारणा
One should not eat snakes, wild animals, peacocks, or other forest-dwelling creatures, nor aquatic or terrestrial animals—this is the rule.
गोधा कूर्मः शशः खड्गः सल्लकश्चेति सत्तमाः । भक्ष्यान्पंचनखान्नित्यं मनुराह प्रजापतिः
The iguana, tortoise, hare, rhinoceros, and porcupine—these five-clawed creatures are declared by Manu, lord of creatures, as edible.
मत्स्यान्सशल्कान्भुंजीत मांसं रौरवमेव च । निवेद्य देवताभ्यस्तु ब्राह्मणेभ्यश्च नान्यथा
One may eat fish with scales and the flesh of the raurava animal, but only after offering it to the gods and to Brahmins, not otherwise.
मयूरं तित्तिरं चैव कपोतं च कपिंजलम् । वार्ध्रीणसं बकं भक्ष्यं मीनं हंसं पराजितम्
The peacock, the partridge, the dove, the kapiñjala, the vulture, the crane, the edible fish, the swan, and the parājita are permitted as food.
शफरी सिंहतुंडं च तथा पाठीनरोहितौ । मत्स्याश्चैते समुद्दिष्टा भक्षणीया द्विजोत्तमाः
The shapharī, the simhatuṇḍa, as well as the pāṭhīna and the rohitā—these fish are specified as edible for excellent twice-born men.
प्रोक्षितं भक्षयेदेषां मांसं च द्विजकाम्यया । यथाविधि प्रयुक्तं च प्राणानामपि चात्यये
One should eat the flesh of these, purified, and only with the desire of a twice-born, as prescribed by rule, and even in times of life-threatening danger.
भक्षयेन्नैव मांसानि शेषभोजी न लिप्यते । औषधार्थमशक्तो वा नियोगाद्यज्ञकारणात्
One should not eat meat as a leftover; the one who eats leftovers is not tainted. For medicine, or if unable, or by command, or for the sake of sacrifice, it is permitted.
आमंत्रितश्च यः श्राद्धे दैवे वा मांसमुत्सृजेत् । यावंति पशुरोमाणि तावन्नरकमृच्छति
If one invited to a śrāddha or divine rite rejects meat, for as many hairs as are on the animal, for that many years he will go to hell.
अदेयं वाप्यपेयं वा तथैवास्पृश्यमेव वा । द्विजातीनामनालोक्यं नित्यं मद्यमिति स्थितिः
That which is not to be given, not to be drunk, or not to be touched—such is alcohol for the twice-born; it should never be looked at, this is the rule.
तस्मात्सर्वप्रयत्नेन मद्यं नित्यं विवर्जयेत् । पीत्वा पतति कर्म्मभ्यस्त्वसंभाष्यो भवेद्द्विजः
Therefore, by every effort, one should always avoid alcohol; if a twice-born drinks it, he falls from his duties and becomes unfit for association.
भक्षयित्वाप्यभक्ष्याणि पीत्वाऽपेयान्यपि द्विजः । नाधिकारी भवेत्तावद्यावत्तन्न जहात्यधः
If a twice-born eats forbidden foods or drinks forbidden drinks, he is not qualified (for rites) until he abandons them completely.
तस्मात्परिहरेन्नित्यमभक्ष्याणि प्रयत्नतः । अपेयानि च विप्रो वै तथा चेद्याति रौरवम्
Therefore, a Brahmin should always carefully avoid forbidden foods and drinks; if he does not, he goes to the hell called Raurava.
इति श्रीपाद्मे महापुराणे स्वर्गखंडे भक्ष्याभक्ष्यनियमो नाम षट्पंचाशत्तमोऽध्यायः
Thus ends the fifty-sixth chapter, named 'The Rules of Edible and Inedible Foods,' in the Bhakṣyābhakṣyaniyama section of the Śrī Padma Mahāpurāṇa, Svarga-khaṇḍa.
व्यास उवाच- अथातः संप्रवक्ष्यामि दानधर्म्ममनुत्तमम् । ब्रह्मणाभिहितं पूर्वमृषीणां ब्रह्मवादिनाम्
Vyāsa said: Now, I shall explain the supreme law of giving, as formerly declared by Brahmā to the sages who know Brahman.
अर्थानामुचितं पात्रे श्रद्धया प्रतिपादनम् । दानमित्यभिनिर्दिष्टं भुक्तिमुक्तिफलप्रदम्
Giving with faith, to a worthy recipient, of things appropriate—this is called 'dāna' (charity), which grants both enjoyment and liberation as its fruit.
यो ददाति विशिष्टेभ्यः श्रद्धया परया युतः । तद्वै दत्तमहं मन्ये शेषं कस्यापि रक्षति
Whoever gives to the worthy, endowed with supreme faith, I consider that as true giving; the rest preserves something for someone else.
नित्यं नैमित्तिकं काम्यं त्रिविधं दानमुच्यते । चतुर्थं विमलं प्रोक्तं सर्वदानोत्तमोत्तमम्
Perpetual, occasional, and desire-motivated—these are said to be the three kinds of gifts; a fourth, called pure, is declared the highest of all gifts.
अहन्यहनि यत्किंचिद्दीयते नुपकारिणे । अनुद्दिश्यफलं तस्माद्ब्राह्मणाय तु नित्यकम्
Whatever is given daily, even a little, to one who offers no return, without seeking a reward, that is the perpetual gift to a Brāhmaṇa.
यत्तु पापोपशांत्यर्थं दीयते विदुषां करे । नैमित्तिकं तदुद्दिष्टं दानं सद्भिरनुत्तमम्
That which is given for the purpose of alleviating sin, into the hands of the learned, is called the occasional gift, and is regarded by the virtuous as excellent.
अपत्यविजयैश्वर्य सुखार्थं यत्प्रदीयते । दानं तत्काम्यमाख्यातमृषिभिर्धर्मचिंतकैः
The gift that is given for the sake of offspring, victory, wealth, or happiness is called the desire-motivated gift by sages who contemplate dharma.
यदीश्वरस्य प्रीत्यर्थं ब्रह्मवित्सु प्रदीयते । चेतसा धर्मयुक्तेन दानं तद्विमलं शिवम्
That which is given to knowers of Brahman, with a mind joined to righteousness, for the sake of pleasing the Lord, is the pure and auspicious gift.
दानधर्मं निषेवेत पात्रमासाद्य शक्तितः । उपास्यते तु तत्पात्रं यत्तारयति सर्वतः
One should practice the dharma of giving, approaching a worthy recipient according to one's ability; that recipient is to be revered, for he delivers from all sides.
कुटुंबभुक्तिवसनाद्देयं यदतिरिच्यते । अन्यथा दीयते यद्वै न तद्दानं फलप्रदम्
What remains after the family's food and clothing should be given; if given otherwise, that gift does not yield fruit.
श्रोत्रियाय कुलीनाय विनीताय तपस्विने । व्रतस्थाय दरिद्राय प्रदेयं भक्तिपूर्वकम्
One should give, with devotion, to a learned, noble, humble, austere, vow-keeping, and poor person.
यस्तु दद्यान्महीं भक्त्या ब्राह्मणायाहिताग्नये । स याति परमं स्थानं यत्र गत्वा न शोचति
Whoever gives land with devotion to a Brāhmaṇa who maintains the sacred fire attains the supreme state, where, having gone, he does not grieve.
इक्षुभिः संयुतां भूमिं यवगोधूमशालिनीम् । ददाति वेदविदुषे यः स भूयो न जायते
Whoever gives land rich with sugarcane, barley, wheat, or rice to a knower of the Veda is not born again.
गोचर्ममात्रामपि वा यो भूमिं संप्रयच्छति । ब्राह्मणाय दरिद्राय सर्वपापैः प्रमुच्यते
Even one who gives as much land as a cowhide to a poor Brāhmaṇa is freed from all sins.