यजनाध्यापने योनिस्तथैव सहभोजनम् । सहाध्यायस्तु दशमः सहयाजनमेव च
Performing sacrifices, teaching, sharing lineage, eating together, studying together, or performing rituals together—these are also to be avoided.
एकादश समुद्दिष्टा दोषाः सांकर्यसंस्थिताः । समीपे चाप्यवस्थानात्पापं संक्रमते नृणाम्
Eleven faults are declared, arising from such mingling; by merely being near, sin is transmitted among people.
तस्मात्सर्वप्रयत्नेन सांकर्य्यं परिवर्जयेत् । एकपंक्त्युपविष्टा ये न स्पृशंति परस्परम्
Therefore, by every effort, one should avoid such mingling; those who sit in a single row but do not touch each other—
भस्मना कृतमर्य्यादा न तेषां संकरो भवेत् । अग्निना भस्मना चैव सलिलेन विलेखतः
If a boundary is made with ashes, there is no mingling among them; likewise, if separated by fire, ashes, or water.
द्वारेण स्तंभमार्गेण षड्भिः पंक्तिर्विभिद्यते । न कुर्याच्छुष्कवैराणि विवादं न च पैशुनम्
A row is divided in six ways: by a door, a pillar, a path, fire, ashes, or water; one should not engage in fruitless quarrels, disputes, or slander.
परक्षेत्रे गां चरंतीं न चाचक्षीत कर्हिचित् । न संवसेत्सूचकेन न कं वै मर्मणि स्पृशेत्
One should never point out a cow grazing in another's field; one should not live with an informer, nor touch anyone at a vital spot.
न सूर्यपरिवेषं वा नेंद्रचापं पराह्निकम् । परस्मै कथयेद्विद्वान्शशिनं वाथ कांचनम्
One should not look at the halo around the sun or the midday rainbow; a wise man should not reveal the moon or gold to another.
न कुर्याद्बहुभिः सार्द्धं विरोधं बंधुभिस्तथा । आत्मनः प्रतिकूलानि परेषां न समाचरेत्
One should not engage in conflict with many, nor with relatives; one should not do to others what is unfavorable to oneself.
तिथिं पक्षस्य न ब्रूयान्नक्षत्राणि न निर्दिशेत् । नोदक्यामभिभाषेत नाशुचिं वा द्विजोत्तमः
One should not announce the lunar day or point out the constellations; the best of twice-born should not speak with a widow or an impure person.
न देवगुरुविप्राणां दीयमानं तु वारयेत् । न चात्मानं प्रशंसेद्वा परनिंदां च वर्जयेत्
One should not obstruct what is given to gods, teachers, or Brahmins; nor should one praise oneself or indulge in slandering others.
वेदनिंदां देवनिंदां प्रयत्नेन विवर्जयेत् । यस्तु देवानृषींश्चैव वेदान्वा निंदते द्विजः
One should carefully avoid reviling the Vedas and the gods; if a twice-born reviles the gods, the seers, or the Vedas—
न तस्य निष्कृतिर्दृष्टा शास्त्रेष्विह मुनीश्वराः । निंदयेद्वा गुरुं देवं वेदं वासोपबृंहणम्
—for him, O best of sages, no expiation is prescribed in the scriptures here; whether he reviles the teacher, the god, the Veda, or the means of their adornment.
कल्पकोटिशतं साग्रं रौरवे पच्यते नरः । तूष्णीमासीत निंदायां न ब्रूयात्किंचिदुत्तरम्
Such a man is cooked in the Raurava hell for a full hundred million aeons; when slander occurs, one should remain silent and not utter any reply.
कर्णौ पिधाय गंतव्यं न चैनमवलोकयेत् । वर्ज्जयेद्वै रहस्यानि परेषां गर्हणं बुधः
One should cover one's ears and depart, not even glancing at the slanderer; a wise person should avoid exposing the secrets or faults of others.
विवादं स्वजनैः सार्द्धं नकुर्य्याद्वै कदाचन । न पापं पापिनां ब्रूयादपापं वा द्विजोत्तमः
One should never engage in disputes with one's own people; an excellent twice-born should not declare the sin of a sinner, nor the innocence of the innocent.
सत्येन तुल्यो दोषः स्यादसत्याद्दोषवान्भवेत् । नृणां मिथ्याभिशस्तानां पतंत्यश्रूणि रोदनात्
A falsehood is as blameworthy as the truth; one incurs fault by speaking untruth; from the weeping of those falsely accused, tears fall.
तानि पुत्रान्पशून्घ्नंति तेषां मिथ्याभिशंसिनाम् । ब्रह्महत्या सुरापाने स्तेये गुर्वंगनागमे
Those tears destroy the sons and cattle of those who utter false accusations; such slander is equal to the sins of killing a Brahmin, drinking liquor, theft, or violating the teacher's wife.
दृष्टं वै शोधनं वृद्धैर्नास्ति मिथ्याभिशंसने । नेक्षेतोद्यंतमादित्यं शशिनं वाऽनिमित्ततः
The elders have declared that there is expiation for visible sins, but none for false accusation; one should not gaze at the rising sun or moon without reason.
नास्तं यांतं न वारिस्थं नोपस्पृष्टं न मध्यगम् । तिरोहितं समीक्षेत नादर्शाद्यनुगामिनम्
One should not look at the sun setting, standing in water, being touched, or at its midpoint; nor should one gaze at it when it is hidden, or follow its reflection in a mirror.
न नग्नां स्त्रियमीक्षेत पुरुषं वा कदाचन । न च मूत्रं पुरीषं वा न च संसृष्टमैथुनम्
One should never look at a naked woman or man; nor at urine, excrement, or sexual intercourse.
नाशुचिः सूर्यसोमादीन्ग्रहानालोकयेद्बुधः । नाभिभाषेत च परमुच्छिष्टो वावगुंठितः
A wise person should not look at the sun, moon, or planets while impure; nor should one speak to another while eating or with the mouth covered.
न पश्येत्प्रेतसंस्पर्शं न क्रुद्धस्य गुरोर्मुखम् । न तैलोदकयोश्छायां न पंक्तिं भोजने सति
One should not see the touching of a corpse, nor the face of an angry teacher; nor the shadow of oil or water, nor a row of people eating.
न मुक्तबंधनं पश्येन्नोन्मत्तं गजमेव वा । नाश्नीयाद्भार्यया सार्द्धं नैनामीक्षेत चाश्नतीम्
One should not see someone being unbound, nor a mad elephant; one should not eat together with one's wife, nor look at her while she is eating.
क्षुवतीं जृंभमाणां वा नासनस्थां यथासुखम् । नोदके चात्मनो रूपं शुभं वाशुभमेव वा
One should not look at a woman sneezing, yawning, or sitting as she pleases; nor at one's own reflection in water, whether it is auspicious or inauspicious.
न लंघयेच्च मतिमान्नाधितिष्ठेत्कदाचन । न शूद्राय मतिं दद्यात्कृसरं पायसं दधि
A wise person should not step over or sit upon (the Vedas); nor should he ever give to a Shudra his mind, or rice, porridge, or curds.
नोच्छिष्टं वा मधु घृतं न च कृष्णाजिनं हविः । न चैवास्मै व्रतं ब्रूयान्न च धर्मं वदेद्बुधः
Nor should he give to him food that is left over, honey, ghee, or sacrificial offerings on a black antelope skin; nor should he teach him a vow or speak to him of dharma.
न च क्रोधवशं गच्छेद्द्वेषं रागं च वर्जयेत् । लोभं दंभं तथा शाठ्यं ह्यसूयां ज्ञानकुत्सनम्
One should not be overcome by anger, and should avoid hatred and passion; also greed, hypocrisy, deceit, envy, and disparagement of knowledge.
ईर्ष्यां मदं तथाशोकं मोहं च परिवर्जयेत् । न कुर्यात्कस्यचित्पीडां सुतं शिष्यं तु ताडयेत्
One should avoid jealousy, pride, grief, and delusion; one should not harm anyone, but may discipline a son or a student.
न हीनानुपसेवेत न च तृष्णामतिः क्वचित् । नात्मानं चावमन्येत दैन्यं यत्नेन वर्जयेत्
One should not associate with the lowly, nor ever be greedy; one should not belittle oneself, and should diligently avoid dejection.
न विशिष्टमसत्कुर्यान्नात्मानं वासनाद्बुधः । न नखेन लिखेद्भूमिं गां च संवेशयन्नहि
One should not disrespect the distinguished, nor should the wise person disparage himself out of habit; one should not scratch the ground with the nail, nor arrange the earth while seated.