ब्राह्मणं यः समाहूय याचमानमकिंचनम् । पश्चान्नास्तीति यो ब्रूयात्स च वै ब्रह्महा नृप
He who, after summoning a brāhmaṇa who is begging and destitute, then says, ‘There is nothing,’ he too, O king, is a slayer of a brāhmaṇa.
यस्तु विद्याभिमानेन निस्तेजयति वै द्विजम् । उदासीनं सभामध्ये ब्रह्महा स प्रकीर्तितः
And he who, out of pride in learning, insults a brāhmaṇa who is indifferent in the midst of an assembly—he is declared a slayer of a brāhmaṇa.
मिथ्यागुणैरथात्मानं नयत्युत्कर्षतां पुनः । गुरुं विरोधयेद्यस्तु स च वै ब्रह्महा स्मृतः
One who falsely praises himself with untrue qualities, or opposes the teacher—he too is considered a slayer of a brāhmaṇa.
क्षुत्तृषातप्तदेहानामन्नभोजनमिच्छताम् । यः समाचरते विघ्नं तमाहुर्ब्रह्मघातकम्
He who obstructs those desiring food, whose bodies are afflicted by hunger and thirst—such a one is called a slayer of a brāhmaṇa.
पिशुनः सर्वलोकानां रंध्रान्वेषणतत्परः । उद्वेजनकरः क्रूरः स च वै ब्रह्महा स्मृतः
A slanderer of all people, intent on seeking out faults, causing distress, and cruel—he too is considered a slayer of a brāhmaṇa.
देवद्विज गवां भूमिं पूर्वदत्तां हरेत्तु यः । प्रनष्टामपि कालेन तमाहुर्ब्रह्मघातकम्
He who takes land previously given to gods, brāhmaṇas, or cows, even if it has been lost over time—such a one is called a slayer of a brāhmaṇa.
द्विजवित्तापहरणं न्यासेन समुपार्जितम् । ब्रह्महत्यासमं ज्ञेयं तस्य पातकमुत्तमम्
The taking away of a brāhmaṇa’s wealth, acquired as a trust, is to be known as an utmost sin, equal to the slaying of a brāhmaṇa.
अग्निहोत्रं परित्यज्य पंचयज्ञीयकर्मणि । मातापित्रोर्गुरूणां च कूटसाक्ष्यं च यश्चरेत्
One who abandons the agnihotra and the duties of the five sacrifices, or who gives false testimony against mother, father, or teachers—
अप्रियं शिवभक्तानामभक्ष्याणां च भक्षणम् । वने निरपराधानां प्राणिनां च प्रमारणम्
Causing distress to devotees of Shiva, eating forbidden foods, and killing innocent creatures in the forest.
गवां गोष्ठे वने चाग्नेः पुरे ग्रामे च दीपनम् । इति पापानि घोराणि सुरापानसमानि तु
Setting fire to cowsheds, forests, homes, cities, or villages—these are terrible sins, equal to drinking liquor.
दीनसर्वस्वहरणं परस्त्रीगजवाजिनाम् । गोभूरजतवस्त्राणामोषधीनां रसस्य च
Taking away the possessions of the destitute, seizing another's wife, elephant, or horse, and stealing cows, land, silver, cloth, medicinal plants, or their essence.
चंदनागुरुकर्पूर कस्तूरी पट्ट वाससाम् । परन्यासापहरणं रुक्मस्तेयसमं स्मृतम्
Stealing sandalwood, aloe, camphor, musk, silk garments, or taking entrusted property is considered equal to stealing gold.
कन्याया वरयोग्याया अदानं सदृशे वरे । पुत्रमित्रकलत्रेषु गमनं भगिनीषु च
Not giving a suitable bride to a worthy groom, and sexual relations with one's son, friend, wife, or sister.
कुमारीसाहसं घोरमंत्यजस्त्रीनिषेवणम् । सवर्णायाश्च गमनं गुरुतल्पसमं स्मृतम्
Violent acts against maidens, intercourse with outcast women, and relations with a woman of one's own caste are considered equal to violating the teacher's bed.
महापातकतुल्यानि पापान्युक्तानि यानि तु । तानि पातकसंज्ञानि तन्न्यूनमुपपातकम्
The sins described, which are equal to the great sins, are called 'pātaka'; those lesser than these are 'upapātaka'.
द्विजायार्थं प्रतिज्ञाय न प्रयच्छति यः पुनः । तत्र विस्मरते विप्रस्तुल्यं तदुपपातकम्
One who promises something to a Brahmin and does not give it, or a Brahmin who forgets in such a case, both are guilty of upapātaka.
द्विजद्रव्यापहरणं मर्यादाया व्यतिक्रमम् । अतिमानातिकोपश्च दांभिकत्वं कृतघ्नता
Stealing Brahmin property, violating boundaries, excessive pride or anger, hypocrisy, and ingratitude.
अन्यत्र विषयासक्तिः कार्पर्ण्यं शाठ्यमत्सरम् । परदाराभिगमनं साध्वीकन्याभिदूषणम्
Attachment to sensual pleasures, miserliness, deceit, envy, approaching another's wife, and defaming a virtuous maiden.
परिवित्तिः परिवेत्ता यया च परिविद्यते । तयोर्दानं च कन्यायास्तयोरेव च याजनम्
The act of parivitti (accepting food from the guilty), the parivettā (the giver), and the one who is so treated; giving a girl in marriage to them, or performing rituals for them.
पुत्रमित्रकलत्राणामभावे स्वामिनस्तथा । भार्याणां च परित्यागः साधूनां च तपस्विनाम्
Abandoning one's son, friend, wife, or master in their absence, or forsaking the wives of ascetics and virtuous men.
गवां क्षत्रियवैश्यानां स्त्रीशूद्राणां च घातनम् । शिवायतनवृक्षाणां पुण्याराम विनाशनम्
Killing cows, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, women, or Shudras, and destroying trees in Shiva's temples or sacred gardens.
यः पीडामाश्रमस्थानामाचरेदल्पिकामपि । तद्भृत्यपरिवर्गस्य पशुधान्यवनस्य च
Anyone who causes even slight harm to residents of hermitages, their servants, dependents, livestock, grains, or forests.
कर्ष धान्य पशुस्तेयमयाज्यानां च याजनम् । यज्ञारामतडागानां दारापत्यस्य विक्रयः
Stealing ploughs, grain, livestock, performing rituals for the unworthy, selling sacrificial grounds, ponds, wives, or children.
तीर्थयात्रोपवासानां व्रतानां च सुकर्मणाम् । स्त्रीधनान्युपजीवंति स्त्रीभगात्यंतजीविता
Living off the wealth of women, or those who end their lives through women, as well as neglecting pilgrimages, fasting, vows, or good deeds.
स्वधर्मं विक्रयेद्यस्तु अधर्मं वर्णते नरः । परदोषप्रवादी च परच्छिद्रावलोककः
One who sells his own dharma, praises adharma, spreads slander about others, or observes others' faults.
परद्रव्याभिलाषी च परदारावलोककः । एते गोघ्नसमानाश्च ज्ञातव्या नृपनंदन
Desiring another's property, looking at another's wife—these are to be known as equal to killing a cow, O delight of kings.
यः कर्ता सर्वशास्त्राणां गोहर्ता गोश्च विक्रयी । निर्दयोऽतीव भृत्येषु पशूनां दमकश्च यः
He who is the author of all treatises, who kills cows or sells them, who is exceedingly merciless toward servants, and who is a punisher of cattle—
मिथ्या प्रवदते वाचमाकर्णयति यः परैः । स्वामिद्रोही गुरुद्रोही मायावी चपलः शठः
He who speaks falsely, listens to falsehoods from others, betrays his master or teacher, is deceitful, fickle, and cunning—
यो भार्यापुत्रमित्राणि बालवृद्धकृशातुरान् । भृत्यानतिथिबंधूंश्च त्यक्त्वाश्नाति बुभुक्षितान्
He who, abandoning his wife, children, friends, the young, the old, the weak, the sick, servants, guests, and relatives, eats while they are hungry—
ये तु मृष्टं समश्नंति नो वांच्छंतं ददंति च । पृथक्पाकी स विज्ञेयो ब्रह्मवादिषु गर्हितः
Those who eat fine food alone and do not give it to those who desire it, such a one is known as a separate-cooker, condemned among those who speak of Brahman.