हरिज्ञानं यथाक्षेमं प्रत्यक्षाच्च प्रकाशयेत् । अधीते च समर्थश्च यः प्रमादं करोति च
One who, though knowledgeable and capable, reveals the knowledge of Hari as it is, directly, yet acts negligently—
अशुचिश्चाशुचौ स्थाने यः प्रवक्ति शृणोति च । इति सर्वं समासेन ज्ञाननिंदा समं स्मृतम्
And one who, being impure, speaks or listens in an impure place—this, in summary, is all regarded as equal to the denigration of knowledge.
गुरुपूजामकृत्वैव यः शास्त्रं श्रोतुमिच्छति । न करोति च शुश्रूषामाज्ञाभंगं च भावतः
One who wishes to hear scripture without first honoring the teacher, who does not serve or obey, and who in spirit breaks commands—
नाभिनंदति तद्वाक्यमुत्तरं संप्रयच्छति । गुरुकर्मणि साध्ये च तदुपेक्षां करोति च
Who does not welcome the teacher’s words, who responds back, and who neglects duties assigned by the teacher—
गुरुमार्तमशक्तं च विदेशं प्रस्थितं तथा । अरिभिः परिभूतं वा यः संत्यजति पापकृत्
One who abandons the teacher when he is afflicted, powerless, has departed to another land, or is insulted by enemies—such a one is a wrongdoer.
पठमानं पुराणं तु तस्य पापं वदाम्यहम् । कुंभीपाके वसेत्तावद्यावदिंद्राश्चतुर्दश
I declare the sin of one who neglects a teacher reciting the Purāṇa: he shall dwell in Kumbhīpāka hell as long as the fourteen Indras reign.
पठमानं गुरुं यो हि उपेक्षयति पापधीः । तस्यापि पातकं घोरं चिरं नरकदायकम्
He who, with evil mind, disregards a teacher reciting, for him too there is a terrible sin, causing long torment in hell.
भार्यापुत्रेषु मित्रेषु यश्चावज्ञां करोति च । इत्येतत्पातकं ज्ञेयं गुरुनिन्दासमं महत्
One who shows contempt toward wife, children, or friends—this sin is to be known as great, equal to the denigration of the teacher.
ब्रह्महा स्वर्णस्तेयी च सुरापी गुरुतल्पगः । महापातकिनश्चैते तत्संयोगी च पंचमः
A slayer of a brāhmaṇa, a thief of gold, a drinker of liquor, one who violates the teacher’s bed—these are great sinners, and one who associates with them is the fifth.
क्रोधाद्द्वेषाद्भयाल्लोभाद्ब्राह्मणस्य विशेषतः । मर्मातिकृन्तको यश्च ब्रह्मघ्नः स प्रकीर्तितः
Out of anger, hatred, fear, or greed, especially toward a brāhmaṇa, one who strikes at the vital part—he is called a slayer of a brāhmaṇa.
ब्राह्मणं यः समाहूय याचमानमकिंचनम् । पश्चान्नास्तीति यो ब्रूयात्स च वै ब्रह्महा नृप
He who, after summoning a brāhmaṇa who is begging and destitute, then says, ‘There is nothing,’ he too, O king, is a slayer of a brāhmaṇa.
यस्तु विद्याभिमानेन निस्तेजयति वै द्विजम् । उदासीनं सभामध्ये ब्रह्महा स प्रकीर्तितः
And he who, out of pride in learning, insults a brāhmaṇa who is indifferent in the midst of an assembly—he is declared a slayer of a brāhmaṇa.
मिथ्यागुणैरथात्मानं नयत्युत्कर्षतां पुनः । गुरुं विरोधयेद्यस्तु स च वै ब्रह्महा स्मृतः
One who falsely praises himself with untrue qualities, or opposes the teacher—he too is considered a slayer of a brāhmaṇa.
क्षुत्तृषातप्तदेहानामन्नभोजनमिच्छताम् । यः समाचरते विघ्नं तमाहुर्ब्रह्मघातकम्
He who obstructs those desiring food, whose bodies are afflicted by hunger and thirst—such a one is called a slayer of a brāhmaṇa.
पिशुनः सर्वलोकानां रंध्रान्वेषणतत्परः । उद्वेजनकरः क्रूरः स च वै ब्रह्महा स्मृतः
A slanderer of all people, intent on seeking out faults, causing distress, and cruel—he too is considered a slayer of a brāhmaṇa.
देवद्विज गवां भूमिं पूर्वदत्तां हरेत्तु यः । प्रनष्टामपि कालेन तमाहुर्ब्रह्मघातकम्
He who takes land previously given to gods, brāhmaṇas, or cows, even if it has been lost over time—such a one is called a slayer of a brāhmaṇa.
द्विजवित्तापहरणं न्यासेन समुपार्जितम् । ब्रह्महत्यासमं ज्ञेयं तस्य पातकमुत्तमम्
The taking away of a brāhmaṇa’s wealth, acquired as a trust, is to be known as an utmost sin, equal to the slaying of a brāhmaṇa.
अग्निहोत्रं परित्यज्य पंचयज्ञीयकर्मणि । मातापित्रोर्गुरूणां च कूटसाक्ष्यं च यश्चरेत्
One who abandons the agnihotra and the duties of the five sacrifices, or who gives false testimony against mother, father, or teachers—
अप्रियं शिवभक्तानामभक्ष्याणां च भक्षणम् । वने निरपराधानां प्राणिनां च प्रमारणम्
Causing distress to devotees of Shiva, eating forbidden foods, and killing innocent creatures in the forest.
गवां गोष्ठे वने चाग्नेः पुरे ग्रामे च दीपनम् । इति पापानि घोराणि सुरापानसमानि तु
Setting fire to cowsheds, forests, homes, cities, or villages—these are terrible sins, equal to drinking liquor.
दीनसर्वस्वहरणं परस्त्रीगजवाजिनाम् । गोभूरजतवस्त्राणामोषधीनां रसस्य च
Taking away the possessions of the destitute, seizing another's wife, elephant, or horse, and stealing cows, land, silver, cloth, medicinal plants, or their essence.
चंदनागुरुकर्पूर कस्तूरी पट्ट वाससाम् । परन्यासापहरणं रुक्मस्तेयसमं स्मृतम्
Stealing sandalwood, aloe, camphor, musk, silk garments, or taking entrusted property is considered equal to stealing gold.
कन्याया वरयोग्याया अदानं सदृशे वरे । पुत्रमित्रकलत्रेषु गमनं भगिनीषु च
Not giving a suitable bride to a worthy groom, and sexual relations with one's son, friend, wife, or sister.
कुमारीसाहसं घोरमंत्यजस्त्रीनिषेवणम् । सवर्णायाश्च गमनं गुरुतल्पसमं स्मृतम्
Violent acts against maidens, intercourse with outcast women, and relations with a woman of one's own caste are considered equal to violating the teacher's bed.
महापातकतुल्यानि पापान्युक्तानि यानि तु । तानि पातकसंज्ञानि तन्न्यूनमुपपातकम्
The sins described, which are equal to the great sins, are called 'pātaka'; those lesser than these are 'upapātaka'.
द्विजायार्थं प्रतिज्ञाय न प्रयच्छति यः पुनः । तत्र विस्मरते विप्रस्तुल्यं तदुपपातकम्
One who promises something to a Brahmin and does not give it, or a Brahmin who forgets in such a case, both are guilty of upapātaka.
द्विजद्रव्यापहरणं मर्यादाया व्यतिक्रमम् । अतिमानातिकोपश्च दांभिकत्वं कृतघ्नता
Stealing Brahmin property, violating boundaries, excessive pride or anger, hypocrisy, and ingratitude.
अन्यत्र विषयासक्तिः कार्पर्ण्यं शाठ्यमत्सरम् । परदाराभिगमनं साध्वीकन्याभिदूषणम्
Attachment to sensual pleasures, miserliness, deceit, envy, approaching another's wife, and defaming a virtuous maiden.
परिवित्तिः परिवेत्ता यया च परिविद्यते । तयोर्दानं च कन्यायास्तयोरेव च याजनम्
The act of parivitti (accepting food from the guilty), the parivettā (the giver), and the one who is so treated; giving a girl in marriage to them, or performing rituals for them.
पुत्रमित्रकलत्राणामभावे स्वामिनस्तथा । भार्याणां च परित्यागः साधूनां च तपस्विनाम्
Abandoning one's son, friend, wife, or master in their absence, or forsaking the wives of ascetics and virtuous men.