तर्पणं देवतानां च पूर्वं कृत्वा समाहितः। अधिकारी भवेत्पश्चात्पितॄणां तर्पणे बुधः
First, with a concentrated mind, one should offer libations to the deities; only afterwards does the wise person become eligible to offer libations to the ancestors.
श्राद्धे भोजनकाले च पाणिनैकेन दापयेत्। उभाभ्यां तर्पणे दद्याद्विधिरेष सनातनः
At the time of the śrāddha meal, one should give with one hand; but for the libation, one should offer with both hands—this is the eternal rule.
दक्षिणाभिमुखो भूत्वा शुचिस्तु तर्पयेत्पितॄन्। तृप्यतामिति वाक्येन नामगोत्रेण वै पुनः
Facing south and being pure, one should satisfy the ancestors, saying 'May they be satisfied,' and again, by their name and lineage.
अकृष्णैर्यत्तिलैर्मोहात्तर्पयेत्पितृसंचयम्। भूम्यां ददाति यदपो दाता चैव जले स्थितः
One should satisfy the assembly of ancestors with unbroken white sesame seeds, not black ones, out of delusion; what is given on the ground is water, and the giver stands in the water.
वृथा तद्दीयते दानं नोपतिष्ठति कस्यचित्। स्थले स्थित्वा जले यस्तु प्रयच्छेदुदकं नरः
Such a gift, given in vain, does not reach anyone; but a man who, standing on land, offers water in water—
नोपतिष्ठेत्पितॄणां तु सलिलं तन्निरर्थकम्। आर्द्रवासा जले यस्तु कुर्यादुदकतर्पणम् ५० 1.49.
—the water does not reach the ancestors; that is fruitless. But one who, wearing wet clothes, performs the water libation in water—
पितरस्तस्य तृप्यंति सहदेवैस्सदानघ। रजकैः क्षालितं वस्त्रमशुद्धं कवयो विदुः
His ancestors are always satisfied together with the gods, O sinless one. But cloth washed by launderers is considered impure by the wise.
हस्तप्रक्षालने चैव पुनर्वस्त्रं तु शुध्यति। शुष्कवासाः शुचौ देशे स्थाने यत्तर्पयेत्पितॄन्
After washing the hands, the cloth becomes pure again; wearing dry clothes in a clean place, one should satisfy the ancestors.
ततो दशगुणेनैव तुष्यंति पितरो ध्रुवम्। स्नानं संध्यां च पाषाणे खड्गे वा ताम्रभाजने
Then, the ancestors are certainly satisfied tenfold. Bathing and performing the twilight worship on a stone, sword, or copper vessel—
तर्पणं कुरुते यस्तु प्रत्येकं च शताधिकम्। रौप्यांगुलीयं तर्जन्यां धृत्वा यत्तर्पयेत्पितॄन्
One who performs the libation in each of these, with a hundred times more merit, and who, holding a silver ring on the index finger, satisfies the ancestors—
सर्वं च शतसाहस्रगुणं भवति नान्यथा। तथैवानामिकायां तु धृत्वा स्वर्णांगुलीं बुधः
All that becomes a hundred thousand times more meritorious, and not otherwise. Likewise, the wise one, holding a gold ring on the ring finger—
तर्पयेत्पितृसंदोहं लक्षकोटिगुणं भवेत्। अंगुष्ठदेशिनी मध्ये सव्यहस्तस्य खड्गकम्
Should satisfy the assembly of ancestors, and it becomes a hundred thousand million times more meritorious. Placing a sword between the thumb and forefinger of the left hand—
धृत्वानामिकया रत्नमंजलेरक्षयंफलं। स्नानार्थमभिगच्छंतं देवाः पितृगणैः सह
And, holding a jewel with the ring finger, the result is inexhaustible. The gods, together with the hosts of ancestors, approach one who goes for bathing.
वायुभूतानुगच्छंति तृषार्ताः सलिलार्थिनः। निराशास्ते निवर्तंते वस्त्रनिष्पीडनेन च
They, afflicted by thirst and seeking water, follow along as wind-beings; disappointed, they turn back when the cloth is wrung out.
तस्मान्न पीडयेद्वस्त्रमकृत्वा पितृतर्पणम्। तिस्रःकोट्योऽर्धकोटी च यानि लोमानि मानुषे
Therefore, one should not wring out the cloth before performing the ancestor libation. The three and a half crore hairs on a human being—
स्रवंति सर्वतीर्थानि तस्मान्न परिपीडयेत्। देवाः पिबंति शिरसि श्मश्रुतः पितरस्तथा
All the sacred waters flow through them; therefore, one should not wring them out. The gods drink on the head, and so do the ancestors, as has been heard.
चक्षुषोरपि गंधर्वा अधस्तात्सर्वजंतवः। देवाः पितृगणाः सर्वे गंधर्वा जंतवस्तथा
Even below the Gandharvas are all living beings; all the gods, the groups of ancestors, the Gandharvas, and likewise the creatures.
स्नानमात्रेण तुष्यंति स्नानात्पापं न विद्यते। नित्यस्नानं च यः कुर्यात्स नरः पुरुषोत्तमः
By the mere act of bathing, they are satisfied; from bathing, sin does not exist. And whoever performs daily bathing, that man is the best among men.
सर्वपापैर्विनिर्मुक्तो नाकलोकेमहीयते। स्नानं तर्पणपर्यंतं देवा महर्षयो विदुः
Freed from all sins, he does not fall from the world of the imperishable. The gods and great sages know that bathing, up to the act of offering water, is required.
अतः परं च देवानां पूजनं कारयेद्बुधः। गणेशं पूजयेद्यस्तु विघ्नस्तस्य न जायते
After this, a wise person should perform the worship of the gods. Whoever worships Ganesha, for him no obstacle arises.
आरोग्यार्थं च सूर्यं च धर्ममोक्षाय माधवम्। शिवं च कृत्यकामार्थं सर्वकामाय चंडिकाम्
For health, one should worship the Sun; for righteousness and liberation, Madhava; for the fulfillment of duties, Shiva; and for all desires, Chandika.
देवांस्तु पूजयित्वा तु वैश्वदेवबलिं चरेत्। वह्निकार्यं ततः कृत्वा यज्ञं ब्राह्मणतर्पणम्
Having worshipped the gods, one should offer the Vaisvadeva oblation. After performing the fire ritual, one should conduct the sacrifice and the offering to Brahmins.
देवानां सर्वसत्वानां पुनस्त्रिविष्टपं व्रजेत्। गतागतं स्थिरं कृत्वा कामान्मोक्षं सुखं दिवम्
Again, having satisfied the gods and all beings, one attains heaven. Having made the cycle of coming and going firm, through desire, one attains liberation, happiness, and the celestial world.
तस्मात्सर्वप्रयत्नेन नित्यं कर्माणि कारयेत्। नारद उवाच-। किमर्थं च जलं तात देवाः पितृगणैः सह
Therefore, with all effort, one should always perform the prescribed duties. Narada said: For what reason, O father, do the gods together with the groups of ancestors not obtain water as humans do?
न प्राप्नुवंति सर्वज्ञ लभंते मानवा यथा। ब्रह्मोवाच। पुरा सृष्टं मया तोयं सर्वदेवमयामृतम्
They do not receive it, O all-knowing one, as humans do. Brahma said: Long ago, I created water as the nectar for all the gods.
तस्यैव रक्षणार्थं च रक्षा यक्षा धनुर्धराः। घ्नंति ते पितरं देवमस्मद्वाक्यान्न मानुषम्
For the protection of that very water, the Yakshas, wielders of bows, are its guardians. They strike down the ancestors and gods at our command, but not humans.
पशवः पक्षिणः कीटा मर्त्यलोके व्यवस्थिताः। मर्त्यजाताश्च देवा ये तथैव मानुषा ध्रुवम्
Animals, birds, and insects are established in the world of mortals; and those gods who are born as mortals, likewise, are certainly humans.
तर्पयित्वा गुरुं नित्यं सुरलोके प्रतिष्ठिताः। अस्नायी च मलं भुंक्ते अजपी पूयशोणितम्
By always satisfying the teacher, they are established in the world of the gods. One who does not bathe consumes filth, and one who does not recite suffers from pus and blood.
अकृत्वा तर्पणं नित्यं पितृहा चोपजायते। ब्रह्महत्यासमं पापं देवानामप्यपूजने
By not performing the daily offering of water, one becomes a slayer of ancestors. Not worshipping the gods is a sin equal to killing a Brahmin.
सन्ध्याकृत्यमकृत्वा च सूर्यं हंति च पापकृत्। नारद उवाच-। ब्राह्मणस्य सदाचारक्रमं ब्रूहि च कर्मणाम्
And by not performing the twilight rites, the sinner harms the Sun. Narada said: Tell me the proper conduct and duties for a Brahmin, and also the practices for the other classes.