संबन्धात्कारणाद्यैस्तद्भोगौत्सुक्येन चोदनात्
Because of its connection with the instruments and the rest, and due to the urge for enjoyment,
अकर्तृत्वाभ्युपगमे भोक्तृत्वाख्या वृथास्य तु
If non-agency is accepted, then the designation of enjoyer for it is indeed in vain.
कर्तृत्वरहिते पुंसि करणाद्यप्रयोजके
When there is no agency in the person, the instruments and the rest serve no purpose.
करणादिप्रयोक्तृआत्वं विद्ययैवास्य संमतम्
Its role as the agent of the instruments and the rest is accepted only through knowledge.
येन भोग्याय जनिता भिद्यङ्गे पुरुषे पुनः
By which, for the sake of enjoyment, difference is produced again in the embodied person.
एभिस्तत्त्वैश्च भोक्तृत्वदशायां कलितो यदा
And when, through these principles, he is established in the state of enjoyer,
कलैव प्रश्चादव्यक्तं सूते भोग्याय चास्य तु
Just as time, in due course, brings forth the unmanifest for the sake of its own experience.
गुणानामविभागो ऽत्र ह्याधारे क्ष्मादिभागवत्
Here, the distinction of the qualities is not present in the substratum, which is earth and the rest, O sage.
त्रय एव गुणा ह्यषामव्यक्तादेव संभवः
Indeed, only three qualities arise from the unmanifest.
गुणतो धीश्च विषयाध्यवसायस्वरूपिणी
From the qualities arises intellect, whose nature is determination regarding objects.
महत्तत्तवादहॄङ्कारो जातः संरंभवृत्तिमान्
From the great principle, ego is born, possessing the function of initiative.
सत्त्वा द्विगुणभेदेन स पुनस्त्रिविधो भवेत्
That ego, due to a twofold division of qualities, again becomes threefold.
तत्र तैजसतो ज्ञानेन्द्रियाणि मनसा सह
From the luminous (sattvic) aspect arise the organs of knowledge, together with the mind.
राजसाञ्च क्रियाहेतोस्तथा कर्मेन्द्रियाणि तु
And from the passionate (rajasic) aspect, for the sake of action, arise the organs of action.
इच्छारूपं च संकल्पव्यापारं तत्र वै मनः
There, the mind is indeed of the nature of desire and the activity of intention.
बहिः करणभावेन स्वोचितेन यतः सदा
Because it always functions outwardly as an organ, according to its own nature.
करोत्यन्तःस्थितं भूयस्ततो ऽन्तः करणं मनः
It acts inwardly more than the rest; therefore, the mind is called the internal organ.
इच्छासंरंभबोधाख्या वृत्तयः क्रमतो ऽस्य तु
Its functions, in order, are called desire, initiative, and knowledge.
ग्राह्याश्च विषया ह्येषां ज्ञेयाः शब्दादयो मुने
And the objects to be grasped by these are to be known as sound and the rest, O sage.
वाक्पाणिपादपायूपस्थास्तु कर्मेन्द्रियाण्यपि
Speech, hands, feet, anus, and genitals are also the organs of action.
करणानि च सिद्धिना न कृतिः करणैर्विना
And the organs are instruments of accomplishment; without the organs, there is no action.
चेष्टन्ते कार्यमालंब्य विभुत्वात्करणानि तु
The organs perform actions by relying on objects, due to their power.
तेभ्यो भूतान्येकगुणान्याख्यातानि भवन्ति हि
From these, the elements, each possessing one quality, are said to arise.
रूपं त्रिषु रसश्चैव द्वयोर्गन्धः क्षितौ तथा
Form exists in three, taste in two, and smell in earth as well.
पाकश्च संग्रहश्चैव धारणं चेति कथ्यते
Cooking, gathering, and retention—these are declared.
भास्वदग्नौ जले शुक्लं क्षितौ शुक्लाद्यनेकधा
In the shining fire, in water, and on earth, whiteness and other qualities appear in many forms.
गन्धः क्षितावसुरभिः सुरभिश्च प्रकीर्तितः
On earth, fragrance is called 'surabhi' and is renowned as such.
भूतस्य तु विशेषो ऽयं विशेषरहितं तु तत्
This is the distinction of the element; that which is without distinction is indeed that.
पञ्चभूतात्मकं सर्वं जगत्स्थावरजङ्गमम्
All the world, both immobile and mobile, is composed of the five elements.
देहे ऽस्थिमांसकेशत्वङ्नखदन्ताश्च पार्थिवाः
In the body, bones, flesh, hair, skin, nails, and teeth are of the earth element.