आदित्यशीतकिरणौ ग्राह्यावस्तङ्गतौ यदि
The sun and the moon should be considered when they are setting, if that occurs.
दृष्टचन्द्रा सिनीवाली नष्टचन्द्रा कुहूः स्मृता
When the moon is visible, it is called Sinīvālī; when it is not seen, it is known as Kuhū.
सिनीवालीं द्विजैर्ग्राह्या साग्निकैः श्राद्धकर्मणि
Sinīvālī should be chosen by twice-born men who perform śrāddha rites with fire.
अपराह्नद्वयव्यापिन्यमावास्यातिथिर्यदि
If the new moon day extends over two afternoons,
अमावास्या प्रतीता चेन्मध्याह्नात्परतो यदि
If the new moon is observed after midday,
अत्यन्तक्षयपक्षे तु परेद्युर्नापराह्नगा
In the case of an extremely waning fortnight, the next day should not be taken if it falls after afternoon.
अर्वाचीनक्षये चचैव सायाह्नव्यापिनी तथा
And if the waning is recent, it should also extend into the evening.
अत्यन्ततिथिवृद्धौ तु भूतविद्धां परित्यजेत्
When the lunar day is greatly increased, one should avoid those joined with the previous day.
यथार्वाचीनवृद्धौ तु संत्याज्या भूतसंयुताः
Likewise, when the increase is recent, those joined with the previous day should be abandoned.
मध्याह्नद्वितये व्यात्पा ह्यमावास्या तिथिर्यदि
If the new moon day extends over two middays,
अन्वाधानं प्रवक्ष्यामि संतः संपूर्णवर्वणि
I will now explain the procedure for anvādhāna, O noble ones, in full detail regarding the festival days.
पर्वणो यश्चतुर्थांश आद्याः प्रतिपदस्त्रयः
On festival days, the first three tithis are to be taken as a quarter portion each.
मध्याह्नद्वितये स्याताममावास्या च पूर्णिमा
There are two midday periods, as well as the new moon and full moon days.
परेद्युरेव विप्रेन्द्र सद्यः कालो विधीयते
O best of Brahmins, the prescribed time is set for the following day or immediately.
सद्यः कालः परेद्युः स्याज्ज्ञेयमेवं तिथिक्षये
The immediate time or the next day is to be understood thus, when the tithi expires.
दशमीसंयुता हॄन्तिपुण्यं जन्मत्रयार्जितम्
When the tenth tithi is combined, the merit acquired spans three births.
द्वादशी च त्रयोदश्यामस्ति चेत्सा परा स्मृता
If the twelfth tithi occurs on the thirteenth, it is considered superior.
त्रघयोदशी च रात्र्यन्ते तत्र वक्ष्यामि निर्णयम्
If the thirteenth tithi falls at the end of the night, I will declare the decision regarding that.
गृहस्थाः सिद्धिमिच्छन्ति यतो मोक्षं यतीश्वराः
Householders seek accomplishment, while ascetics desire liberation.
तदानीं दशमीविद्धाप्युपोष्यैकादशी तिथिः
At that time, even if the tenth tithi is mixed, one should fast on the eleventh tithi.
गृहस्थानां तु पूर्वोक्ता यतीनामुत्तरा स्मृता
For householders, the previously mentioned rule applies; for ascetics, the later one is remembered.
दिनक्षये द्वितीयैव सर्वेषां परिकीर्तितां
When the day ends, only the second tithi is prescribed for all.
अविद्धापि निषिद्धैव परतो द्वादशी यदि
Even if it is not mixed, the twelfth tithi is prohibited if it follows thereafter.
द्वादशद्वादशीपुण्यं त्रयोदश्यां तु पारणे
The merit of the twelfth tithi is obtained by breaking the fast on the thirteenth.
द्वादशी च त्रयोदश्यां नास्ति वा विद्यते ऽथवा
The twelfth tithi may or may not occur on the thirteenth.
यदिभिश्चोत्तरा ग्राह्या ह्यवीराभिस्तथैव च
If the later tithi is to be accepted, it should be taken only if it is not weak.
द्वादशी च त्रयोदशयामस्ति तत्र कथं भवेत्
If the twelfth tithi occurs on the thirteenth, how should it be observed?
उपोष्यैव द्वितीयेति केचिदाहुश्च भक्तितः
Some say, out of devotion, that only the second tithi should be fasted.
द्वादशी च त्रयोदश्यामस्ति तत्रैव चापरे
There are also others who observe the twelfth and thirteenth days in that same manner.
केचिदाहुश्च पूर्वां तु तन्मतं न समञ्जसम्
Some declare the earlier day, but that opinion is not appropriate.