दानप्रधानः शूद्रः स्याद् इत्याह भगवान्प्रभुः दानेन सर्वकामाप्तिर् अस्य संजायते यतः
The venerable Lord has said that the Śūdra should be devoted to giving, for by giving, all desires are fulfilled for him.
एकोद्दिष्टमतो वक्ष्ये यदुक्तं चक्रपाणिना मृते पुत्रैर्यथा कार्यम् आशौचं च पितर्यपि
Now I will explain the ekoddiṣṭa rite, as spoken by the discus-bearing Lord: what should be done by sons for the deceased, and the impurity observed for the father.
दशाहं शावमाशौचं ब्राह्मणेषु विधीयते क्षत्रियेषु दश द्वे च पक्षं वैश्येषु चैव हि
For Brāhmaṇas, the period of impurity for a corpse is ten days; for Kṣatriyas, it is twelve days; for Vaiśyas, a fortnight.
शूद्रेषु मासमाशौचं सपिण्डेषु विधीयते नैशं वाकृतचूडस्य त्रिरात्रं परतः स्मृतम्
For Śūdras, the impurity among sapiṇḍas lasts a month; for one whose hair-cutting has not been performed, it is said to be three nights.
जनने ऽप्येवमेव स्यात् सर्ववर्णेषु सर्वदा तथास्थिसंचयाद् ऊर्ध्वम् अङ्गस्पर्शो विधीयते
The same applies at birth, for all castes at all times; after collecting the bones, touching the body is prescribed.
प्रेताय पिण्डदानं तु द्वादशाहं समाचरेत् पाथेयं तस्य तत्प्रोक्तं यतः प्रीतिकरं महत्
For the departed, the offering of the funeral ball should be performed for twelve days; this is called his provision for the journey, as it brings him great satisfaction.
तस्मात्प्रेतपुरं प्रेतो द्वादशाहं न नीयते गृहं पुत्रं कलत्रं च द्वादशाहं प्रपश्यति
Therefore, the departed is not taken to the city of the dead for twelve days; he observes his home, son, and wife for those twelve days.
तस्मान्निधेयमाकाशे दशरात्रं पयस्तथा सर्वदाहोपशान्त्यर्थम् अध्वश्रमविनाशनम्
Therefore, milk should be placed in the open air for ten nights, always for the appeasement of the funeral fire and to remove the fatigue of the journey.
तत एकादशाहे तु द्विजानेकादशैव तु क्षत्रादिः सूतकान्ते तु भोजयेदयुजो द्विजान्
Then, on the eleventh day, eleven Brāhmaṇas, or Kṣatriyas and others at the end of impurity, should be fed by one who is not in mourning.
द्वितीये ऽह्नि पुनस्तद्वद् एकोद्दिष्टं समाचरेत् आवाहनाग्नौकरणं दैवहीनं विधानतः
On the second day, again, the ekoddiṣṭa rite should be performed in the same way, with the summoning of fire, but without the divine portion, as prescribed.
एकं पवित्रमेको ऽर्घ एकः पिण्डो विधीयते उपतिष्ठतामित्येतद् देयं पश्चात्तिलोदकम्
One sacred thread, one arghya, and one ball of food are prescribed; the phrase 'let him approach' should be said, and then the water mixed with sesame is to be given.
स्वदितं विकिरेद्ब्रूयाद् विसर्गे चाभिरम्यताम् शेषं पूर्ववदत्रापि कार्यं वेदविदा पितुः
He should scatter the remnants, say 'may it be pleasing at the departure,' and as before, the rest of the rites for the father should be performed by the knower of the Veda.
अनेन विधिना सर्वम् अनुमासं समाचरेत् सूतकान्ताद्द्वितीये ऽह्नि शय्यां दद्याद्विलक्षणाम्
In this manner, one should perform all the rites for a month; on the second day after the period of impurity ends, a different bed should be given.
काञ्चनं पुरुषं तद्वत् फलवस्त्रसमन्विताम् संपूज्य द्विजदाम्पत्यं नानाभरणभूषणैः
A golden figure of a man, adorned with fruits and garments, should be worshipped, and a Brahmin couple should be honored with various ornaments.
वृषोत्सर्गं प्रकुर्वीत देया च कपिला शुभा उदकुम्भश्च दातव्यो भक्ष्यभोज्यसमन्वितः
The release of a bull should be performed, and an auspicious tawny cow should be given; a water pot filled with food and edibles should also be donated.
यावदब्दं नरश्रेष्ठ सतिलोदकपूर्वकम् ततः संवत्सरे पूर्णे सपिण्डीकरणं भवेत्
For a full year, O best of men, one should offer water with sesame seeds; after the year is complete, the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa rite should be performed.
सपिण्डीकरणादूर्ध्वं प्रेतः पार्वणभाग्भवेत् वृद्धिपूर्वेषु योग्यश्च गृहस्थश्च भवेत्ततः
After sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, the departed becomes a participant in the fortnightly offerings; thereafter, he is eligible for rites of increase and is considered a householder.
सपिण्डीकरणे श्राद्धे देवपूर्वं नियोजयेत् पितॄन् निवासयेत्तत्र पृथक्प्रेतं विनिर्दिशेत्
At the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa śrāddha, one should first assign the deities; the ancestors should be seated there, and the departed should be designated separately.
गन्धोदकतिलैर्युक्तं कुर्यात्पात्रचतुष्टयम् अर्घार्थं पितृपात्रेषु प्रेतपात्रं प्रसेचयेत्
One should prepare four vessels with sandal, water, and sesame seeds; for the purpose of arghya, the vessel for the departed should be poured into the vessels for the ancestors.
तद्वत्संकल्प्य चतुरः पिण्डान्पिण्डप्रदस्तथा ये समाना इति द्वाभ्याम् अन्त्यं तु विभजेत्त्रिधा
Likewise, having made the resolve, the giver of the offerings should prepare four balls of food, saying, 'Those who are equal'; of the last two, the final one should be divided into three parts.
चतुर्थस्य पुनः कार्यं न कदाचिदतो भवेत् ततः पितृत्वमापन्नः सर्वतस्तुष्टिमागतः
There is never again any further rite for the fourth; thereafter, having attained the status of ancestor, he becomes completely satisfied.
अग्निष्वात्तादिमध्यत्वं प्राप्नोत्यमृतमुत्तमम् सपिण्डीकरणादूर्ध्वं तस्मै तस्मान्न दीयते
He attains the middle status among the Agniṣvāttas and others, and the highest immortality; after sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, nothing further is to be given to him.
पितृष्वेव तु दातव्यं तत्पिण्डो येषु संस्थितः ततः प्रभृति संक्रान्ताव् उपरागादिपर्वसु
That offering should be given only to the ancestors in whom he is now established; from that time onward, at eclipses and other festivals, the transfer takes place.
त्रिपिण्डमाचरेच्छ्राद्धम् एकोद्दिष्टे मृते ऽहनि एकोद्दिष्टं परित्यज्य मृताहे यः समाचरेत्
One should perform the śrāddha with three balls of food on the day of death for one who has died; abandoning the single-offering rite, whoever performs it on the day of death—
सदैव पितृहा स स्यान् मातृभ्रातृविनाशकः मृताहे पार्वणं कुर्वन् नधो ऽधो याति मानवः
He is always an ancestor-killer, a destroyer of mother and brother; a man who performs the fortnightly rite on the day of death goes lower and lower.
संपृक्तेष्वाकुलीभावः प्रेतेषु तु गतो भवेत् प्रतिसंवत्सरं तस्माद् एकोद्दिष्टं समाचरेत्
When the departed are mingled, confusion arises; therefore, one should perform the single-offering rite every year.
यावदब्दं तु यो दद्याद् उदकुम्भं विमत्सरः प्रेतायान्नसमायुक्तं सो ऽश्वमेधफलं लभेत्
Whoever, without envy, gives a water pot with food for the departed for a year obtains the fruit of an Aśvamedha sacrifice.
आमश्राद्धं यदा कुर्याद् विधिज्ञः श्राद्धदस्तदा तेनाग्नौकरणं कुर्यात् पिण्डांस्तेनैव निर्वपेत्
When one who knows the rites performs the preliminary śrāddha, he should make the fire offering and offer the balls of food accordingly.
त्रिभिः सपिण्डीकरणे अशेषत्रितये पिता यदा प्राप्स्यति कालेन तदा मुच्येत बन्धनात्
When, in the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, the father attains the full connection with the three groups, then, in due time, he is released from bondage.
मुक्तो ऽपि लेपभागित्वं प्राप्नोति कुशमार्जनात् लेपभाजश्चतुर्थाद्याः पित्राद्याः पिण्डभागिनः पिण्डदः सप्तमस्तेषां सापिण्ड्यं साप्तपौरुषम्
Even when released, he attains a share of the residue through the cleansing with kuśa grass; from the fourth ancestor onward, those who share the balls of food are residue-sharers, and the seventh in the line is the giver of the balls—this is the relationship up to seven generations.