उदग्धिमवतः शैलस्य्-ओत्तरे चैव दक्षिणे पुण्ड्रं नाम समाख्यातं सम्यग्वृष्टिविवृद्धये
To the north of that southern mountain lies the region called Puṇḍra, renowned for the abundant increase of rainfall.
तस्मिन्प्रवर्तते वर्षं तत्तुषारसमुद्भवम् ततो हिमवतो वायुर् हिमं तत्र समुद्भवम्
There, rain arises, originating from frost; then, from the wind of the Himalaya, snow is produced there.
आनयत्यात्मवेगेन सिञ्चयानो महागिरिम् हिमवन्तमतिक्रम्य वृष्टिशेषं ततः परम्
Driven by its own force, it brings and pours down upon the great mountain, crossing the Himalaya, and then the remaining rain proceeds further.
इभास्ये च ततः पश्चाद् इदं भूतविवृद्धये वर्षद्वयं समाख्यातं सम्यग्वृष्टिविवृद्धये
Afterwards, on the face of the elephant, for the growth of beings, a double rain is declared, for the abundant increase of rainfall.
मेघाश्चाप्यायनं चैव सर्वमेतत्प्रकीर्तितम् सूर्य एव तु वृष्टीनां स्रष्टा समुपदिश्यते
The clouds and their nourishment have all been described; but the Sun alone is taught as the creator of rains.
वर्षं घर्मं हिमं रात्रिं संध्ये चैव दिनं तथा शुभाशुभफलानीह ध्रुवात्सर्वं प्रवर्तते
Rain, heat, cold, night, twilight, and day, as well as auspicious and inauspicious results, all proceed here from Dhruva.
ध्रुवेणाधिष्ठिताश्चापः सूर्यो वै गृह्य तिष्ठति सर्वभूतशरीरेषु त्व् आपो ह्यनुश्रिताश्च याः
Presided over by Dhruva, the Sun holds the waters; and those waters, which are present in the bodies of all beings, are indeed established.
दह्यमानेषु तेष्वेव जङ्गमस्थावरेषु च धूमभूतास्तु ता ह्यापो निष्क्रामन्तीह सर्वशः
When those moving and unmoving beings are burned, those waters, having become smoke, depart from here entirely.
तेन चाभ्राणि जायन्ते स्थानमभ्रमयं स्मृतम् तेजोभिः सर्वलोकेभ्य आदत्ते रश्मिभिर्जलम्
From that, clouds are produced; the place where clouds are formed is called 'cloud-region.' By means of rays, the sun draws water from all worlds.
समुद्राद्वायुसंयोगाद् वहन्त्यापो गभस्तयः ततस्त्वृतुवशात्काले परिवर्तन्दिवाकरः
From the ocean, through the union with wind, the rays carry water; then, according to the seasons and time, the sun revolves.
नियच्छत्यापो मेघेभ्यः शुक्लाः शुक्लैस्तु रश्मिभिः अभ्रस्थाः प्रपतन्त्यापो वायुना समुदीरिताः
He restrains water from the clouds, the white ones with white rays; the waters residing in the clouds, stirred by the wind, fall down.
ततो वर्षति षण्मासान् सर्वभूतविवृद्धये वायुभिः स्तनितं चैव विद्युतस्त्वग्निजाः स्मृताः
Then, for six months, it rains for the growth of all beings; thunder is caused by winds, and lightning is said to arise from fire.
मेहनाच्च मिहेर् धातोर् मेघत्वं व्यञ्जयन्ति च न भ्रश्यन्ते ततो ह्यापस् तस्मादभ्रस्य वै स्थितिः स्रष्टासौ वृष्टिसर्गस्य ध्रुवेणाधिष्ठितो रविः
From the root 'mih,' the term 'megha' (cloud) is derived, and thus its nature is indicated; the waters do not perish, so the existence of clouds is established. The sun, fixed by the pole, is the creator and sustainer of rainfall.
ध्रुवेणाधिष्ठितो वायुर् वृष्टिं संहरते पुनः ग्रहन्निवृत्त्या सूर्यात्तु चरते ऋक्षमण्डलम्
The wind, established by the pole, gathers the rain again; due to the cessation of the eclipse, it moves from the sun to the circle of stars.
चारस्यान्ते विशत्यर्कं ध्रुवेण समधिष्ठितम् अतः सूर्यरथस्यापि संनिवेशं प्रचक्षते
At the end of its movement, it enters the sun, established by the pole; therefore, the arrangement of the sun's chariot is described.
स्थितेन त्वेकचक्रेण पञ्चारेण त्रिणाभिना हिरण्मयेनाणुना वै अष्टचक्रैकनेमिना चक्रेण भास्वता सूर्यः स्यन्दनेन प्रसर्पिणा
With a single wheel, five spokes, three hubs, a golden and minute axle, eight wheels, one rim, and a radiant wheel, the sun moves with its chariot.
शतयोजनसाहस्रो विस्तारायाम उच्यते द्विगुणा च रथोपस्थाद् ईषादण्डः प्रमाणतः
Its breadth and length are said to be a hundred thousand yojanas; the shaft is twice the size of the chariot's base, measured precisely.
स तस्य ब्रह्मणा सृष्टो रथो ह्यर्थवशेन तु असङ्गः काञ्चनो दिव्यो युक्तः पवनगैर्हयैः
That chariot, created by Brahma for a purpose, is unattached, golden, divine, and yoked with horses driven by the wind.
छन्दोभिर्वाजिरूपैस्तैर् यथाचक्रं समास्थितैः वारुणस्य रथस्येह लक्षणैः सदृशश्च सः
With meters in the form of steeds, arranged according to the wheels, it resembles the chariot of Varuna in its features.
तेनासौ चरति व्योम्नि भास्वाननुदिनं दिवि अथाङ्गानि तु सूर्यस्य प्रत्यङ्गानि रथस्य च संवत्सरस्यावयवैः कल्पितानि यथाक्रमम्
By means of that, the radiant one travels daily in the sky; the parts of the sun and the chariot are conceived as the components of the year, arranged in order.
अहर्नाभिस्तु सूर्यस्य एकचक्रस्य वै स्मृतः अराः संवत्सरास्तस्य नेम्यः षडृतवः स्मृताः
The navel of the sun is remembered as the single wheel; the spokes are the years, the rims are the six seasons.
रात्रिर्वरूथो धर्मश्च ध्वज ऊर्ध्वं व्यवस्थितः अक्षकोट्योर्युगान्यस्य आर्तवाहाः कलाः स्मृताः
Night is the yoke, righteousness is the banner set upright; the ends of the axle are the ages, and the divisions of time are the bearers of the seasons.
तस्य काष्ठा स्मृता घोणा दन्तपङ्क्तिः क्षणास्तु वै निमेषश्चानुकर्षो ऽस्य ईषा चास्य कला स्मृता
Its marks are remembered as the boundary, the row of teeth, and the moments; the blink is its movement, and the shaft is remembered as its division.
युगाक्षकोटी ते तस्य अर्थकामावुभौ स्मृतौ सप्ताश्वरूपाश्छन्दांसि वहन्ते वायुरंहसा
The ends of the axle are remembered as both purpose and desire; the seven meters, in the form of horses, are carried swiftly by the wind.
गायत्री चैव त्रिष्टुप्च जगत्यनुष्टुप्तथैव च पङ्क्तिश्च बृहती चैव उष्णिगेव तु सप्तमम्
Gayatri, Trishtup, Jagati, Anushtubh, Pankti, Brihati, and Ushnik are the seven.
चक्रमक्षे निबद्धं तु ध्रुवे चाक्षः समर्पितः सहचक्रो भ्रमत्यक्षः सहाक्षो भ्रमति ध्रुवः
The wheel is fixed on the axle, and the axle is set on the pole; the wheel rotates with the axle, and the pole rotates with the axle.
अक्षः सहैव चक्रेण भ्रमते ऽसौ ध्रुवेरितः एवमर्थवशात्तस्य संनिवेशो रथस्य तु
The axle, together with the wheel, revolves, impelled by the pole star; thus, by the force of its purpose, is the arrangement of that chariot.
तथा संयोगभागेन सिद्धो वै भास्करो रथः तेनासौ तरणिर्देवो नभसः सर्पते दिवम्
In the same way, by the combination of its parts, the chariot of the Sun is established; by this, the shining god moves through the sky toward heaven.
युगाक्षकोटी ते तस्य दक्षिणे स्यन्दनस्य तु भ्रमतो भ्रमतो रश्मी तौ चक्रयुगयोस्तु वै
The ends of the yoke and axle of his chariot are on the right; as it revolves, the rays are those two, belonging to the pair of wheel and yoke.
मण्डलानि भ्रमन्ते ऽस्य खेचरस्य रथस्य तु कुलालचक्रभ्रमवन् मण्डलं सर्वतोदिशम्
The circles of this chariot, which moves through the sky, revolve like the spinning of a potter’s wheel, forming a circle in every direction.