अग्नेर्दशगुणो वायुर् धारयञ्ज्योतिरास्थितः तिर्यक्च मण्डलो वायुर् भूतान्यावेष्ट्य धारयन्
Wind, ten times greater than fire, upholds the radiant element; wind, circular and transverse, encompasses and sustains the elements.
दशाधिकं तथाकाशं वायोर्भूतान्यधारयत् भूतादिर्धारयन्व्योम तस्माद्दशगुणस्तु वै
Space, exceeding wind by ten times, supports the elements; the primal element sustains space, and thus it is ten times greater.
भूतादितो दशगुणं महद्भूतान्यधारयत् महत्तत्त्वं ह्यनन्तेन अव्यक्तेन तु धार्यते
The great elements, ten times greater than the primal element, sustain the elements; the principle of greatness is upheld by the infinite, the unmanifest.
आधाराधेयभावेन विकारास्ते विकारिणाम् पृथ्व्यादयो विकारास्ते परिच्छिन्नाः परस्परम्
By the relation of support and supported, these modifications arise from the modifiers; earth and the rest are modifications, each limited by the other.
परस्पराधिकाश्चैव प्रविष्टाश्च परस्परम् एवं परस्परोत्पन्ना धार्यन्ते च परस्परम्
They are mutually superior and interpenetrate each other; thus, arising from one another, they are sustained by one another.
यस्मात्प्रविष्टास्ते ऽन्योन्यं तस्मात्ते स्थिरतां गताः आसंस्ते ह्यविशेषाश्च विशेषा अन्यवेशनात्
Because they enter into one another, they attain stability; those without distinction remain, and distinctions arise from mutual interpenetration.
पृथ्व्यादयस्तु वाय्वन्ताः परिच्छिन्नास्तु तत्र ते भूतेभ्यः परतस् तेभ्यो ह्य् अलोकः सर्वतः स्मृतः
Earth and the rest, ending with wind, are bounded there; beyond the elements, everywhere, is remembered as utter darkness.
तथा ह्यालोक आकाशे परिच्छिन्नानि सर्वशः पात्रे महति पात्राणि यथा ह्यन्तर्गतानि च
Likewise, light in space is entirely bounded; as in a large vessel, smaller vessels are contained within.
भवन्त्यन्योन्यहीनानि परस्परसमाश्रयात् तथा ह्यालोक आकाशे भेदास्त्वन्तर्गतागताः
They lack one another, yet rest upon each other; thus, light in space has divisions, some contained within, some outside.
कृतान्येतानि तत्त्वानि अन्योन्यस्याधिकानि च यावदेतानि तत्त्वानि तावदुत्पत्तिरुच्यते
These principles have been made, each superior to the other; as long as these principles exist, so long is creation said to occur.
जन्तूनामिह संस्कारो भूतेष्वन्तर्गतेषु वै प्रत्याख्यायेह भूतानि कार्योत्पत्तिर् न विद्यते
Here, the formation of beings occurs within the elements; if the elements are denied, the production of effects does not take place.
तस्मात्परिमिता भेदाः स्मृताः कार्यात्मकास्तु वै ते कारणात्मकाश्चैव स्युर्भेदा महदादयः
Thus, limited divisions are remembered, being of the nature of effects; divisions of the great principle and others are also of the nature of causes.
इत्येवं संनिवेशो ऽयं पृथ्व्याक्रान्तस्तु भागशः सप्तद्वीपसमुद्राणां याथातथ्येन वै मया
Thus, this arrangement of the earth, divided by parts, of the seven continents and oceans, has been described by me as it truly is.
विस्तारान्मण्डलाच्चैव प्रसंख्यानेन चैव हि विश्वरूपं प्रधानस्य परिमाणैकदेशिनः
By their extent and circular form, and by enumeration, the universal form of the Pradhāna, the measure of its particular portion.
एतावत्संनिवेशस्तु मया सम्यक्प्रकाशितः एतावदेव श्रोतव्यं संनिवेशस्य पार्थिव
Thus, the arrangement has been properly explained by me; only this much is to be heard regarding the arrangement, O King.
अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रवक्ष्यामि सूर्यचन्द्रमसोर्गतिम् सूर्याचन्द्रमसावेतौ भ्राजन्तौ यावदेव तु
Now I shall describe the course of the sun and the moon; as far as the sun and moon shine, I will tell you.
सप्तद्वीपसमुद्राणां द्वीपानां भाति विस्तरः विस्तरार्धं पृथिव्यास्तु भवेदन्यत्र बाह्यतः
The expanse of the seven island-continents and oceans, and of the continents, shines forth; outside of this, half the extent of the earth is said to be.
पर्यासपरिमाणं च चन्द्रादित्यौ प्रकाशतः पर्यासपारिमाण्यात्तु बुधैस्तुल्यं दिवः स्मृतम्
The measure of their circuit, the sun and moon reveal; according to the wise, the circuit and extent of heaven are considered equal to theirs.
त्रींल्लोकान्प्रति सामान्यात् सूर्यो यात्यविलम्बतः अचिरात्तु प्रकाशेन अवनात्तु रविः स्मृतः
The sun, by its radiance, swiftly traverses the three worlds without delay; because of its light and descent, it is called Ravi.
भूयो भूयः प्रवक्ष्यामि प्रमाणं चन्द्रसूर्ययोः महितत्वान्महच्छब्दो ह्य् अस्मिन्नर्थे निगद्यते
Again and again I shall declare the measure of the moon and sun; because of their greatness, the word 'great' is used in this context.
अस्य भारतवर्षस्य विष्कम्भात्तुल्यविस्तृतम् मण्डलं भास्करस्याथ योजनैस्तन्निबोधत
The disk of the sun is as wide as the diameter of this land of Bharata; now hear its measure in yojanas.
नवयोजनसाहस्रो विस्तारो मण्डलस्य तु विस्तारात्त्रिगुणश्चापि परिणाहो ऽत्र मण्डले
The width of the disk is nine thousand yojanas; and its circumference is three times its width.
विष्कम्भान्मण्डलाच्चैव भास्कराद्द्विगुणः शशी अतः पृथिव्या वक्ष्यामि प्रमाणं योजनैः पुनः
From the diameter and the disk, the moon is twice as large as the sun; now I shall again declare the measure of the earth in yojanas.
सप्तद्वीपसमुद्राया विस्तारो मण्डलस्य तु इत्येतदिह संख्यातं पुराणे परिमाणतः
The expanse of the disk of the seven island-continents and oceans—this has been enumerated here in the Purāṇa by its measure.
तद्वक्ष्यामि प्रसंख्याय साम्प्रतं चाभिमानिभिः अभिमानिनो ह्यतीता ये तुल्यास्ते साम्प्रतैस्त्विह
I shall now state that enumeration, as reckoned by those who are proud; those proud ones of the past are equal to those of the present here.
देवादेवैर् अतीतास्तु रूपैर्नामभिरेव च तस्माद्वै साम्प्रतैर्देवैर् वक्ष्यामि वसुधातलम्
The gods and antigods of the past were known only by their forms and names; therefore, I shall describe the surface of the earth according to the present gods.
दिव्यस्य संनिवेशो वै साम्प्रतैरेव कृत्स्नशः शतार्धकोटिविस्तारा पृथिवी कृत्स्नशः स्मृता
The divine arrangement is now entirely according to the present; the earth is said to have a total expanse of one hundred and fifty million.
तस्याश्चार्धप्रमाणं च मेरोश्चैवोत्तरोत्तरम् मेरोर्मध्ये प्रतिदिशं कोटिरेका तु सा स्मृता
And half that measure is said for Meru, each direction from the middle of Meru is reckoned as one crore.
तथा शतसहस्राणाम् एकोननवतिं पुनः पञ्चाशच्च सहस्राणि पृथिव्यर्धस्य विस्तरः
Likewise, again, ninety-nine hundred thousand and fifty thousand is the expanse of half the earth.
पृथिव्या विस्तरं कृत्यं योजनैस्तं निबोधत तिस्रः कोट्यस्तु विस्तारात् संख्यातास्तु चतुर्दिशम्
Now hear the measure of the earth's expanse in yojanas; three crores are counted in each of the four directions.