विपर्ययो न तेष्वस्ति एतत्स्वाभाविकं स्मृतम् आरोग्यं सुखबाहुल्यं मानसीं सिद्धिमास्थिताः
There is no reversal for them; this is considered their natural state. They possess health, abundant happiness, and attain mental perfection.
सुखमायुश्च रूपं च त्रिषु द्वीपेषु सर्वशः अधमोत्तमौ न तेष्वास्तां तुल्यास्ते वीर्यरूपतः
Happiness, lifespan, and beauty are found everywhere in the three continents; there are no inferior or superior among them, for they are equal in strength and appearance.
न तत्र वध्यवधकौ नेर्ष्यासूया भयं तथा न लोभो न च दम्भो वा न च द्वेषः परिग्रहः
There is neither killer nor killed there, nor envy, jealousy, or fear; neither greed nor deceit, nor hatred or possessiveness.
सत्यानृते न तेष्वास्तां धर्माधर्मौ तथैव च वर्णाश्रमाणां वार्त्ता च पाशुपाल्यं वणिक्कृषिः
Truth and falsehood, righteousness and unrighteousness do not exist among them; nor do occupations of caste or stage of life, nor herding, trade, or agriculture.
त्रयीविद्या दण्डनीतिः शुश्रूषा दण्ड एव च न तत्र वर्षं नद्यो वा शीतोष्णं च न विद्यते
The threefold Veda, the science of punishment, service, and punishment itself are not found there; nor is there rain, rivers, or cold and heat.
उद्भिदान्युदकानि स्युर् गिरिप्रस्रवणानि च तुल्योत्तरकुरूणां तु कालस्तत्र तु सर्वदा
There are springs and waters arising from mountains; time there is always equal to that of Uttarakuru.
सर्वतः सुखकालो ऽसौ जराक्लेशविवर्जितः सर्गस्तु धातकीखण्डे महावीते तथैव च
Everywhere, the time is pleasant, free from the distress of old age; creation occurs in Dhātakīkhanda and likewise in Mahāvīta.
एवं द्वीपाः समुद्रैस्तु सप्त सप्तभिरावृताः द्वीपस्यानन्तरो यस्तु समुद्रस्तत्समस्तु वै
Thus, the seven continents are surrounded by seven oceans; the ocean next to the continent is always similar.
एवं द्वीपसमुद्राणां वृद्धिर्ज्ञेया परस्परम् अपां चैव समुद्रेकात् समुद्र इति संज्ञितः
In this way, the mutual increase of islands and oceans is to be understood; and because the waters flow from one ocean to another, it is called 'samudra' (ocean).
ऋषद्वसन्त्यो वर्षेषु प्रजा यत्र चतुर्विधाः ऋषिरत्येव रमणे वर्षन्त्वेतेन तेषु वै
In those regions, the seasons are as the Ṛṣis declare, and there are four kinds of beings; the seasons are delightful there, and the rains occur as described.
उदयतीन्दौ पूर्वे तु समुद्रः पूर्यते सदा प्रक्षीयमाने बहुले क्षीयते ऽस्तमिते च वै
When the moon rises in the east, the ocean is always filled; but when the moon wanes or sets, the ocean decreases greatly.
आपूर्यमाणो ह्युदधिर् आत्मनैवाभिपूर्यते ततो वै क्षीयमाणे तु स्वात्मन्येव ह्य् अपां क्षयः
As the ocean is being filled, it is replenished by itself; and when it decreases, the loss of water is also within itself.
उदयात्पयसां योगात् पुष्पन्त्य् आपो यथा स्वयम् तथा स तु समुद्रो ऽपि वर्धते शशिनोदये
Just as, at the rising of the moon, the waters blossom by the union with its rays, so too does the ocean grow when the moon rises.
अन्यूनानतिरिक्तात्मा वर्धन्त्यापो ह्रसन्ति च उदये ऽस्तमये चेन्दोः पक्षयोः शुक्लकृष्णयोः
The waters neither increase nor decrease beyond their measure, but they swell and shrink at the moon’s waxing and waning, during the bright and dark fortnights.
क्षयवृद्धी समुद्रस्य शशिवृद्धिक्षये तथा दशोत्तराणि पञ्चाहुर् अङ्गुलानां शतानि च
The increase and decrease of the ocean correspond to the waxing and waning of the moon; it is said to be one hundred and ten plus five aṅgulas (fingers) in measure.
अपां वृद्धिः क्षयो दृष्टः समुद्राणां तु पर्वसु द्विरापत्वात् स्मृतो द्वीपो दधनाच्चोदधिः स्मृतः
The growth and decrease of the waters of the oceans are observed at the lunar phases; because it is surrounded twice, it is called 'dvīpa' (island), and because it holds water, it is called 'udadhi' (ocean).
निगीर्णत्वाच्च गिरयः पर्वबन्धाच्च पर्वताः शाकद्वीपे तु वै शाकः पर्वतस्तेन चोच्यते
Because they are swallowed, they are called 'girayaḥ' (mountains), and because they are bound together, they are called 'parvataḥ' (ranges); in Śākadvīpa, the mountain called Śāka is thus named.
कुशद्वीपे कुशस्तम्बो मध्ये जनपदस्य तु क्रौञ्चद्वीपे गिरिः क्रौञ्चस् तस्य नाम्ना निगद्यते
In Kuśadvīpa, there is a clump of kuśa grass in the middle of the land; in Krauñcadvīpa, there is the mountain Krauñca, which is named after it.
शाल्मलिः शाल्मलद्वीपे पूज्यते स महाद्रुमः गोमेदके तु गोमेदः पर्वतस्तेन चोच्यते
In Śālmaladvīpa, the great tree Śālmalī is revered; on Gomeda, the mountain Gomeda is thus named.
न्यग्रोधः पुष्करद्वीपे पद्मवत्तेन स स्मृतः पूज्यते स महादेवैर् ब्रह्मांशो ऽव्यक्तसम्भवः
On Puṣkaradvīpa, the banyan tree is known as Padmavat; it is revered by the great gods, being a portion of Brahmā, born from the unmanifest.
तस्मिन्स वसति ब्रह्मा साध्यैः सार्धं प्रजापतिः तत्र देवा उपासन्ते त्रयस्त्रिंशन्महर्षिभिः
There, Brahmā, the lord of creatures, dwells together with the Sādhyas; there, the gods worship him along with the thirty-three great sages.
स तत्र पूज्यते देवो देवैर्महर्षिसत्तमैः जम्बूद्वीपात्प्रवर्तन्ते रत्नानि विविधानि च
There, that god is worshipped by the gods and the foremost great sages; from Jambūdvīpa, various kinds of jewels arise.
द्वीपेषु तेषु सर्वेषु प्रजानां क्रमशस्तु वै आर्जवाद्ब्रह्मचर्येण सत्येन च दमेन च
On all those islands, the people, in due order, by uprightness, celibacy, truthfulness, and self-restraint, live accordingly.
आरोग्यायुःप्रमाणाभ्यां द्विगुणं द्विगुणं ततः द्वीपेषु तेषु सर्वेषु यथोक्तं वर्षकेषु च
In all those islands, as described in the regions, health and lifespan are twice and then twice again as great.
गोपायन्ते प्रजास्तत्र सर्वैः सहजपण्डितैः भोजनं चाप्रयत्नेन सदा स्वयमुपस्थितम्
There, the people are protected by all who are naturally wise, and food is always available to them without effort.
षड्रसं तन्महावीर्यं तत्र ते भुञ्जते जनाः परेण पुष्करस्याथ आवृत्यावस्थितो महान्
There, the people partake of food that is of six tastes and great potency; and beyond, the great one stands encircling Puṣkara.
स्वादूदकसमुद्रस्तु स समन्ताद् अवेष्टयत् स्वादूदकस्य परितः शैलस्तु परिमण्डलः
The ocean of fresh water encircled it on all sides, and around the fresh water was a circular mountain.
प्रकाशश्चाप्रकाशश्च लोकालोकः स उच्यते आलोकस्तत्र चार्वाक्च निरालोकस्ततः परम्
That is called Lokāloka, both luminous and non-luminous; there, light exists and darkness, and beyond that is utter darkness.
लोकविस्तारमात्रं तु पृथिव्यर्धं तु बाह्यतः प्रतिच्छिन्नं समन्तात्तु उदकेनावृतं महत्
The earth's expanse is only half of the world, externally bounded, and all around it is enveloped by a vast body of water.
भूमेर्दशगुणाश्चापः समन्तात्पालयन्ति गाम् अद्भ्यो दशगुणश्चाग्निः सर्वतो धारयत्य् अपः
Waters, ten times greater than the earth, protect the earth on all sides; and fire, ten times greater than water, sustains the waters everywhere.