एतैः पर्वतपादैस्तु स देशो वै द्विधाकृतः दक्षिणार्धं तु द्वीपस्य धातकीखण्डमुच्यते
By these mountain bases, that region is divided in two; the southern half of the continent is called Dhātakīkhanda.
कुमुदं तूत्तरे तस्य द्वितीयं वर्षमुत्तमम् एतौ जनपदौ द्वौ तु गोमेदस्य तु विस्तृतौ
Kumuda is the excellent second region to the north of it; these two populous areas are the expanse of Gomeda.
अतः परं प्रवक्ष्यामि सप्तमं द्वीपमुत्तमम् समुद्रेक्षुरसं चैव गोमेदाद्द्विगुणं हि सः
Next, I will describe the seventh and most excellent continent; its ocean is of sugarcane juice, and it is twice the size of Gomeda.
आवृत्य तिष्ठति द्वीपः पुष्करः पुष्करैर्वृतः पुष्करेण वृतः श्रीमांश् चित्रसानुमहागिरिः
Encircling it stands the continent Puṣkara, surrounded by lotus flowers; within Puṣkara is the splendid mountain Citrasānu, great and colorful.
कूटैश्चित्रैर्मणिमयैः शिलाजालसमुद्भवैः द्वीपस्यैव तु पूर्वार्धे चित्रसानुः स्थितो महान्
With peaks adorned by gems, formed from networks of stone, the great mountain Citrasānu stands in the eastern half of the continent.
परिमण्डलसहस्राणि विस्तीर्णः सप्तविंशतिः ऊर्ध्वं स वै चतुर्विंशद्योजनानां महाबलः
It is spread over twenty-seven thousand circular leagues, and rises upwards for twenty-four yojanas, possessing great strength.
द्वीपार्धस्य परिक्षिप्तः पश्चिमे मानसो गिरिः स्थितो वेलासमीपे तु पूर्वचन्द्र इवोदितः
In the western half of the continent, the mountain Mānasa stands enclosed, near the shore, rising like the former moon.
योजनानां सहस्राणि सार्धं पञ्चाशदुच्छ्रितः तस्य पुत्रो महावीतः पश्चिमार्धस्य रक्षिता
It rises fifty-one and a half thousand yojanas high; its son Mahāvīta is the guardian of the western half.
पूर्वार्धे पर्वतस्यापि द्विधा देशस्तु स स्मृतः स्वादूदकेनोदधिना पुष्करः परिवारितः
In the eastern half of the mountain, the region is also considered divided in two; Puṣkara is surrounded by an ocean of sweet water.
विस्तारान्मण्डलाच्चैव गोमेदाद्द्विगुणेन तु त्रिंशद्वर्षसहस्राणि तेषु जीवन्ति मानवाः
In breadth and circumference, it is twice the size of Gomeda; in those regions, humans live for thirty thousand years.
विपर्ययो न तेष्वस्ति एतत्स्वाभाविकं स्मृतम् आरोग्यं सुखबाहुल्यं मानसीं सिद्धिमास्थिताः
There is no reversal for them; this is considered their natural state. They possess health, abundant happiness, and attain mental perfection.
सुखमायुश्च रूपं च त्रिषु द्वीपेषु सर्वशः अधमोत्तमौ न तेष्वास्तां तुल्यास्ते वीर्यरूपतः
Happiness, lifespan, and beauty are found everywhere in the three continents; there are no inferior or superior among them, for they are equal in strength and appearance.
न तत्र वध्यवधकौ नेर्ष्यासूया भयं तथा न लोभो न च दम्भो वा न च द्वेषः परिग्रहः
There is neither killer nor killed there, nor envy, jealousy, or fear; neither greed nor deceit, nor hatred or possessiveness.
सत्यानृते न तेष्वास्तां धर्माधर्मौ तथैव च वर्णाश्रमाणां वार्त्ता च पाशुपाल्यं वणिक्कृषिः
Truth and falsehood, righteousness and unrighteousness do not exist among them; nor do occupations of caste or stage of life, nor herding, trade, or agriculture.
त्रयीविद्या दण्डनीतिः शुश्रूषा दण्ड एव च न तत्र वर्षं नद्यो वा शीतोष्णं च न विद्यते
The threefold Veda, the science of punishment, service, and punishment itself are not found there; nor is there rain, rivers, or cold and heat.
उद्भिदान्युदकानि स्युर् गिरिप्रस्रवणानि च तुल्योत्तरकुरूणां तु कालस्तत्र तु सर्वदा
There are springs and waters arising from mountains; time there is always equal to that of Uttarakuru.
सर्वतः सुखकालो ऽसौ जराक्लेशविवर्जितः सर्गस्तु धातकीखण्डे महावीते तथैव च
Everywhere, the time is pleasant, free from the distress of old age; creation occurs in Dhātakīkhanda and likewise in Mahāvīta.
एवं द्वीपाः समुद्रैस्तु सप्त सप्तभिरावृताः द्वीपस्यानन्तरो यस्तु समुद्रस्तत्समस्तु वै
Thus, the seven continents are surrounded by seven oceans; the ocean next to the continent is always similar.
एवं द्वीपसमुद्राणां वृद्धिर्ज्ञेया परस्परम् अपां चैव समुद्रेकात् समुद्र इति संज्ञितः
In this way, the mutual increase of islands and oceans is to be understood; and because the waters flow from one ocean to another, it is called 'samudra' (ocean).
ऋषद्वसन्त्यो वर्षेषु प्रजा यत्र चतुर्विधाः ऋषिरत्येव रमणे वर्षन्त्वेतेन तेषु वै
In those regions, the seasons are as the Ṛṣis declare, and there are four kinds of beings; the seasons are delightful there, and the rains occur as described.
उदयतीन्दौ पूर्वे तु समुद्रः पूर्यते सदा प्रक्षीयमाने बहुले क्षीयते ऽस्तमिते च वै
When the moon rises in the east, the ocean is always filled; but when the moon wanes or sets, the ocean decreases greatly.
आपूर्यमाणो ह्युदधिर् आत्मनैवाभिपूर्यते ततो वै क्षीयमाणे तु स्वात्मन्येव ह्य् अपां क्षयः
As the ocean is being filled, it is replenished by itself; and when it decreases, the loss of water is also within itself.
उदयात्पयसां योगात् पुष्पन्त्य् आपो यथा स्वयम् तथा स तु समुद्रो ऽपि वर्धते शशिनोदये
Just as, at the rising of the moon, the waters blossom by the union with its rays, so too does the ocean grow when the moon rises.
अन्यूनानतिरिक्तात्मा वर्धन्त्यापो ह्रसन्ति च उदये ऽस्तमये चेन्दोः पक्षयोः शुक्लकृष्णयोः
The waters neither increase nor decrease beyond their measure, but they swell and shrink at the moon’s waxing and waning, during the bright and dark fortnights.
क्षयवृद्धी समुद्रस्य शशिवृद्धिक्षये तथा दशोत्तराणि पञ्चाहुर् अङ्गुलानां शतानि च
The increase and decrease of the ocean correspond to the waxing and waning of the moon; it is said to be one hundred and ten plus five aṅgulas (fingers) in measure.
अपां वृद्धिः क्षयो दृष्टः समुद्राणां तु पर्वसु द्विरापत्वात् स्मृतो द्वीपो दधनाच्चोदधिः स्मृतः
The growth and decrease of the waters of the oceans are observed at the lunar phases; because it is surrounded twice, it is called 'dvīpa' (island), and because it holds water, it is called 'udadhi' (ocean).
निगीर्णत्वाच्च गिरयः पर्वबन्धाच्च पर्वताः शाकद्वीपे तु वै शाकः पर्वतस्तेन चोच्यते
Because they are swallowed, they are called 'girayaḥ' (mountains), and because they are bound together, they are called 'parvataḥ' (ranges); in Śākadvīpa, the mountain called Śāka is thus named.
कुशद्वीपे कुशस्तम्बो मध्ये जनपदस्य तु क्रौञ्चद्वीपे गिरिः क्रौञ्चस् तस्य नाम्ना निगद्यते
In Kuśadvīpa, there is a clump of kuśa grass in the middle of the land; in Krauñcadvīpa, there is the mountain Krauñca, which is named after it.
शाल्मलिः शाल्मलद्वीपे पूज्यते स महाद्रुमः गोमेदके तु गोमेदः पर्वतस्तेन चोच्यते
In Śālmaladvīpa, the great tree Śālmalī is revered; on Gomeda, the mountain Gomeda is thus named.
न्यग्रोधः पुष्करद्वीपे पद्मवत्तेन स स्मृतः पूज्यते स महादेवैर् ब्रह्मांशो ऽव्यक्तसम्भवः
On Puṣkaradvīpa, the banyan tree is known as Padmavat; it is revered by the great gods, being a portion of Brahmā, born from the unmanifest.