आयतास्ते महाशैलाः समुद्रं दक्षिणं प्रति चक्रमैनाकयोर्मध्ये दिवि सन् दक्षिणापथे
Those great mountains extend toward the southern sea; between Cakra and Maināka, in the southern path, they stand in the sky.
तत्र संवर्तको नाम सो ऽग्निः पिबति तज्जलम् अग्निः समुद्रवासस्तु और्वो ऽसौ वडवामुखः
There, the fire called Saṃvartaka drinks up that water; the fire dwelling in the ocean is Aurva, known as the Vadavāmukha.
इत्येते पर्वताविष्टाश् चत्वारो लवणोदधिम् छिद्यमानेषु पक्षेषु पुरा इन्द्रस्य वै भयात्
Thus, these four mountains are situated in the salty ocean; when the lunar phases were being cut, formerly, out of fear of Indra.
तेषां तु दृश्यते चन्द्रे शुक्ले कृष्णे समाप्लुतिः ते भारतस्य वर्षस्य भेदा येन प्रकीर्तिताः
Among them, immersion is seen during the waxing and waning of the moon; these are the divisions of Bhārata's region, as described.
इहोदितस्य दृश्यन्ते अन्ये त्वन्यत्र चोदिताः उत्तरोत्तरमेतेषां वर्षम् उद्रिच्यते गुणैः
Some are seen here as stated, others elsewhere as mentioned; in each, the rainfall increases progressively with their qualities.
आरोग्यायुःप्रमाणाभ्यां धर्मतः कामतो ऽर्थतः समन्वितानि भूतानि तेषु वर्षेषु भागशः
In those regions, beings are endowed, in portions, with health, lifespan, righteousness, desire, and wealth.
वसन्ति नानाजातीनि तेषु सर्वेषु तानि वै इत्येतद्धारयद्विश्वं पृथ्वी जगदिदं स्थिता
Various kinds of creatures dwell in all those regions; thus, the whole world, this earth, is sustained and established.
शाकद्वीपस्य वक्ष्यामि यथावदिह निश्चयम् कथ्यमानं निबोध त्वं शाकं द्वीपं द्विजोत्तमाः
I will now explain the certainty regarding Śākadvīpa as it is here; listen as I describe Śākadvīpa, O best of twice-born.
जम्बूद्वीपस्य विस्ताराद् द्विगुणस्तस्य विस्तरः विस्तारात्त्रिगुणश्चापि परिणाहः समन्ततः
Its expanse is twice that of Jambūdvīpa; and its circumference, all around, is three times the expanse.
तेनावृतः समुद्रो ऽयं द्वीपेन लवणोदधिः तत्र पुण्या जनपदाश् चिराच्च म्रियते जनः
This ocean, the salty sea, is encircled by that island; there, the people are virtuous, and death comes to them only after a long time.
कुत एव च दुर्भिक्षं क्षमातेजोयुतेष्विह तत्रापि पर्वताः शुभ्राः सप्तैव मणिभूषिताः
There is no famine at all, for the land is endowed with energy; there too are seven radiant mountains, adorned with gems.
शाकद्वीपादिषु त्वेषु सप्त सप्त नगास् त्रिषु ऋज्वायताः प्रतिदिशं निविष्टा वर्षपर्वताः
In Śākadvīpa and the other islands, there are seven mountains in each; three are straight and extended, situated in every direction as the region's mountains.
रत्नाकरादिनामानः सानुमन्तो महाचिताः समोदिताः प्रतिदिशं द्वीपविस्तारमानतः
The great cremation grounds, bearing the names of Ratnākara and others, rise as lofty mountains, extending in every direction across the breadth of the continent.
उभयत्रावगाढौ च लवणक्षीरसागरौ शाकद्वीपे तु वक्ष्यामि सप्त दिव्यान्महाचलान्
On both sides, the salt and milk oceans are deep; now, in Śākadvīpa, I will describe the seven divine great mountains.
देवर्षिगन्धर्वयुतः प्रथमो मेरुरुच्यते प्रागायतः स सौवर्ण उदयो नाम पर्वतः
The first is called Meru, surrounded by gods, sages, and gandharvas; to the east lies the golden mountain named Udaya.
तत्र मेघास्तु वृष्ट्यर्थं प्रभवन्त्यपयान्ति च तस्यापरेण सुमहाञ् जलधारो महागिरिः
There, clouds arise and disperse for the sake of rain; beyond it stands the immense, water-bearing great mountain.
स वै चन्द्रः समाख्यातः सर्वौषधिसमन्वितः तस्मान्नित्यमुपादत्ते वासवः परमं जलम्
That is known as Candra, endowed with all medicinal herbs; from it, Indra always draws the supreme water.
नारदो नाम चैवोक्तो दुर्गशैलो महाचितः तत्राचलौ समुत्पन्नौ पूर्वं नारदपर्वतौ
There is also the formidable mountain called Nārada, a difficult peak; on it, the Nārada and Parvata mountains first arose.
तस्यापरेण सुमहाञ् श्यामो नाम महागिरिः यत्र श्यामत्वमापन्नाः प्रजाः पूर्वमिमाः किल
Beyond that lies the vast, dark-hued great mountain named Śyāma, where, it is said, the people first acquired their dark complexion.
स एव दुन्दुभिर्नाम श्यामपर्वतसंनिभः शब्दमृत्युः पुरा तस्मिन् दुन्दुभिस्ताडितः सुरैः
That very mountain is called Dundubhi, resembling the Śyāma mountain; in ancient times, the gods struck the drum of sound and death there.
रत्नमालान्तरमयः शाल्मलश्चान्तरालकृत् तस्यापरेण रजतो महानस्तो गिरिः स्मृतः
Śālmalā, made of a garland of jewels, stands as the divider; beyond it is the great silver mountain known as Astu.
स वै सोमक इत्युक्तो देवैर्यत्रामृतं पुरा संभृतं च हृतं चैव मातुरर्थे गरुत्मता
That is called Somaka, where, in ancient times, the gods gathered and took amṛta for the sake of their mother, with Garuḍa's help.
तस्यापरे चाम्बिकेयः सुमनाश्चैव स स्मृतः हिरण्याक्षो वराहेण तस्मिञ्छैले निषूदितः
Beyond that is the mountain called Āmbikeya, also known as Sumanā; on that mountain, Hiraṇyākṣa was slain by the Boar incarnation.
आम्बिकेयात्परो रम्यः सर्वौषधिनिषेवितः विभ्राजस्तु समाख्यातः स्फाटिकस्तु महान्गिरिः
Beyond Āmbikeya is the splendid Vibhrāja, radiant and covered with all medicinal herbs, known as the great crystal mountain.
यस्माद्विभ्राजते वह्निर् विभ्राजस्तेन स स्मृतः सैवेह केशवेत्युक्तो यतो वायुः प्रवाति च
Because fire shines forth from it, it is called Vibhrāja; it is also called Keśava here, for from it the wind blows.
तेषां वर्षाणि वक्ष्यामि पर्वतानां द्विजोत्तमाः शृणुध्वं नामतस्तानि यथावदनुपूर्वशः
I will now describe the regions of these mountains, O best of twice-born; listen to their names in proper order.
द्विनामान्येव वर्षाणि यथैव गिरयस्तथा उदयस्योदयं वर्षं जलधारेति विश्रुतम्
The regions are named after the mountains, just as the mountains themselves; the region of Udaya is called Udaya, and that of Jaladhāra is well known.
नाम्ना गतभयं नाम वर्षं तत्प्रथमं स्मृतम् द्वितीयं जलधारस्य सुकुमारमिति स्मृतम्
The first region is called Gatabhaya by name; the second, belonging to Jaladhāra, is remembered as Sukumāra.
तदेव शैशिरं नाम वर्षं तत्परिकीर्तितम् नारदस्य च कौमारं तदेव च सुखोदयम्
The next is known as Śaiśira, and that is its designation; the region of Nārada is called Kaumāra, and also Sukhodaya.
श्यामपर्वतवर्षं तद् अनीचकम् इति स्मृतम् आनन्दकमिति प्रोक्तं तदेव मुनिभिः शुभम्
The region of Śyāma mountain is called Anīcaka; the sages have also declared it to be the auspicious Ānandaka.