From the noble lineages of old, the Śaibyās and Gargās were remembered—twice-born sages who bore the qualities of kṣatriyas. Among them, Urukṣavaḥ, the wise son of Āhārya, was born. His wife, Viśālā, bore him three sons: Tryuṣaṇa, Puṣkari, and the illustrious Kavi. These sons of Urukṣavaḥ all attained the status of brāhmaṇas, and among the Kāvyas, these three were honored as the foremost of great sages. The Gargās, Saṃkṛtis, and Kāvyas were all twice-born, yet possessed the spirit of warriors. Alongside them stood the assembled Aṅgirasas and Dakṣas, and in their midst, the land of Bṛhatkṣatra flourished. Bṛhatkṣatra’s own heir was named Hastin, who first established the city called Gajasāhvaya. Hastin had three illustrious sons: Ajamīḍha, Dvimīḍha, and Purumīḍha. Ajamīḍha took three wives, all renowned women of the Kuru lineage: Nīlinī, Dhūminī, and Keśinī. From them, he begot sons endowed with divine qualities, and at the end of his austerities, the great and righteous Vṛddha was born. By the grace of Bhāradvāja, it is told that Ajamīḍha’s wife Keśinī bore him a son named Kaṇva. Kaṇva’s son was Medhātithi, from whom the Kāṇvāyana Brāhmaṇas descended. To Bhūminī, Ajamīḍha had a son named Bṛhadan. From Bṛhadan came Bṛhanta; from Bṛhanta, Bṛhanmanas; and Bṛhanmanas’ son was Bṛhaddhanu. Bṛhaddhanu’s son was Bṛhadiṣu, whose son was Jayadratha. Jayadratha’s son was Aśvajit, and Aśvajit’s son was Senajit. Senajit had four sons, each famed throughout the world: Rucirāśva, Kāvya, King Dṛḍharatha, and Vatsa, who was also called Avartaka. King Vatsa became the ancestor of the Parivatsakas. Rucirāśva’s heir was Pṛthusena, renowned for his greatness. Pṛthusena’s son was Pauru, from whom Nīpa was born. Nīpa had a hundred sons, all of immense energy, and all those kings were known as the Nīpas. Among them, the illustrious Kīrtivardhana was the founder of their lineage. From Kāvya came a son named Samara, along with Sadeṣṭa and another Samara. Samara had two sons, Pārasampa and Sadaśva, making three in all. All his sons were virtuous and renowned on earth. Pāra’s son was Pṛthu, and Pṛthu’s son was Sukṛta. Sukṛta’s son was Vibhrāja, who was endowed with every virtue. Vibhrāja’s heir was Aṇuha, famed for his strength. Aṇuha became the son-in-law of Śuka and the husband of Kṛtvī, who was renowned for her greatness. Their son was King Brahmadatta. Brahmadatta’s son was Yugadatta, and from him came Viṣvaksena, renowned for his greatness. Vibhrāja was born again in this line through virtuous deeds. Viṣvaksena’s son was Udaksena, and Udaksena’s son was Bhallāta, whose son was Janamejaya. For Janamejaya’s sake, all the Nīpas were destroyed by Ugrāyudha. Curious, it is asked: of whom was Ugrāyudha the son, and in which lineage was he born? For what reason did he destroy all those kings? Ugrāyudha, belonging to the Solar dynasty, performed fierce austerities at the hermitage of Varāśrama, standing steadfast for eight thousand years. Having been promised the kingdom, he attacked the kings, first speaking words of conciliation, but then killing both parties. As he struck down those who came before him, he declared, “Because my words were not heeded in the protection of those who sought refuge, I now curse you.” He invoked the merit of his austerities, saying, “If what I have done holds any merit, may Yama take you all away.” Then, out of compassion, he brought them before Yama. Overcome with great compassion, he spoke to Janamejaya: “These heroes who have now departed, you ought to protect them for my sake.” He declared to the sinners of evil conduct that they would become Janamejaya’s servants. Thus addressed, Janamejaya fought with Yama for a long time. Afflicted by terrible hellish diseases, Janamejaya overpowered them with Yama’s help and gave them to the sage—a wondrous event indeed. Then Yama, pleased, bestowed upon Janamejaya the supreme knowledge of liberation. Having fulfilled all that was proper, they journeyed to the imperishable Krishna. It is said that whoever hears of their deeds and is slain does not suffer untimely death; in this world and the next, he enjoys unending happiness. To Ajamīḍha, from Dhūminī, was born the learned Yavīnara. His son was the steadfast Satyadhṛti, and Satyadhṛti’s son was the mighty Dṛḍhanemi. Dṛḍhanemi’s son was the king Sudharmā, whose son was Sārvabhauma, a mighty sovereign. Sārvabhauma became renowned as the sole ruler of the earth, and in his great lineage was born the illustrious Mahāpaurava. Mahāpaurava’s son was the king Rukmaratha, and Rukmaratha’s son was the king Supārśva. Supārśva’s son was Sumati, righteous and virtuous; and Sumati’s son was the humble and righteous Saṃnati. To Saṃnatimat was born a great son named Kṛta, disciple of the noble Kauśalya, the illustrious Hiraṇyanābha. Kṛta taught the Sāma Saṃhitās in twenty-four divisions; those known as the Eastern Sāmans were composed by Kṛta, and their singers are called Sāmagas. Kṛti was Ugrāyudha, the enhancer of the Mahāpaurava line, and by his valor, he slew the father of Pṛthuka. Thus, the noble lineages, their deeds, and their teachings are remembered, shining forth through the ages.