असंचयाद् द्विजानां च स्नानमात्रेण नान्यथा तथा संनिहितानां च यज्ञार्थं दीक्षितस्य च
For twice-borns, purification is achieved merely by bathing, without accumulation, and likewise for those present for a sacrifice, and for the initiated.
एकाहाद् यज्ञयाजिनां शुद्धिरुक्ता स्वयंभुवा ततस्त्वधीतशाखानां चतुर्भिः सर्वदेहिनाम्
Purification for those who perform a one-day sacrifice is declared by Svayambhu; then, for those who have studied four branches, it applies to all embodied beings.
सूतकं प्रेतकं नास्ति त्र्यहाद् ऊर्ध्वम् अमुत्र वै अर्वाग् एकादशाहान्तं बान्धवानां द्विजोत्तमाः
There is no impurity from birth or death after three days in the other world; here, O best of twice-borns, it lasts up to eleven days for relatives.
स्नानमात्रेण वै शुद्धिर् मरणे समुपस्थिते तत ऋतुत्रयादर्वाग् एकाहः परिगीयते
Purification at the time of death is achieved merely by bathing; after three seasons, one day is prescribed.
सप्तवर्षात् ततश्चार्वाक् त्रिरात्रं हि ततः परम् दशाहं ब्राह्मणानां वै प्रथमे ऽहनि वा पितुः
After seven years, then three nights; thereafter, ten days for Brahmins, or on the first day for the father.
दशाहं सूतिकाशौचं मातुरप्येवमव्ययाः अर्वाक् त्रिवर्षात्स्नानेन बान्धवानां पितुः सदा
Ten days is the impurity for childbirth, likewise for the mother; after three years, relatives of the father are purified by bathing.
अष्टाब्दाद् एकरात्रेण शुद्धिः स्याद् बान्धवस्य तु द्वादशाब्दात्ततश्चार्वाक् त्रिरात्रं स्त्रीषु सुव्रताः
After eight years, purification for a relative occurs in one night; after twelve years, O virtuous ones, three nights for women.
सपिण्डता च पुरुषे सप्तमे विनिवर्तते अतिक्रान्ते दशाहे तु त्रिरात्रमशुचिर्भवेत्
Relationship by offering the same oblations ceases in the seventh year; after ten days have passed, impurity lasts for three nights.
ततः संनिहितो विप्रश् चार्वाक् पूर्वं तदेव वै संवत्सरे व्यतीते तु स्नानमात्रेण शुध्यति
Then, for one who is present, O Brahmin, as before; after a year has passed, purification is achieved merely by bathing.
स्पृष्ट्वा प्रेतं त्रिरात्रेण धर्मार्थं स्नानमुच्यते दाहकानां च नेतॄणां स्नानमात्रमबान्धवे
After touching a corpse, purification is prescribed by bathing after three nights for the sake of righteousness; for those who burn or carry the dead, mere bathing suffices for non-relatives.
अनुगम्य च वै स्नात्वा घृतं प्राश्य विशुध्यति आचार्यमरणे चैव त्रिरात्रं श्रोत्रिये मृते
After following the deceased, one is purified by bathing and eating ghee; for the death of a teacher, three nights, and likewise when a Vedic scholar dies.
पक्षिणी मातुलानां च सोदराणां च वा द्विजाः भूपानां मण्डलीनां च सद्यो नीराष्ट्रवासिनाम्
For maternal uncles, brothers, and twice-borns; for kings and their retinues, and those living outside the territory, purification is immediate.
केवलं द्वादशाहेन क्षत्त्रियाणां द्विजोत्तमाः नाभिषिक्तस्य चाशौचं संप्रमादेषु वै रणे
O best of twice-borns, for Kshatriyas, impurity lasts only twelve days; for one not anointed, impurity applies in cases of error or in battle.
वैश्यः पञ्चदशाहेन शूद्रो मासेन शुध्यति इति संक्षेपतः प्रोक्ता द्रव्यशुद्धिरनुत्तमा
A Vaishya is purified in fifteen days, a Shudra in a month; thus, the supreme purification of substances is briefly stated.
अशौचं चानुपूर्व्येण यतीनां नैव विद्यते त्रेताप्रभृति नारीणां मासि मास्यार्तवं द्विजाः
There is no impurity in succession for ascetics; from the Treta age onward, O twice-borns, women have monthly impurity during menstruation.
कृते सकृद् युगवशाज् जायन्ते वै सहैव तु प्रयान्ति च महाभागा भार्याभिः कुरवो यथा
In the Krita age, they are born together according to the yuga, and depart together, O great ones, with their wives, as the Kurus did.
वर्णाश्रमव्यवस्था च त्रेताप्रभृति सुव्रताः भारते दक्षिणे वर्षे व्यवस्था नेतरेष्वथ
O virtuous ones, the system of varna and ashrama has existed from the Treta age onward in Bharata, the southern land, but not in other regions.
महावीते सुवीते च जंबूद्वीपे तथाष्टसु शाकद्वीपादिषु प्रोक्तो धर्मो वै भारते यथा
In Mahavita, Suvita, Jambudvipa, and the eight regions such as Shakadvipa, the dharma is declared as it is in Bharata.
रसोल्लासा कृते वृत्तिस् त्रेतायां गृहवृक्षजा सैवार्तवकृताद् दोषाद् रागद्वेषादिभिर् नृणाम्
In the Kṛta age, sustenance arose from the essence; in the Tretā, it came from trees grown at home. Due to the fault of unseasonal harvest, and because of passion, hatred, and such among people, this changed.
मैथुनात्कामतो विप्रास् तथैव परुषादिभिः यवाद्याः सम्प्रजायन्ते ग्राम्यारण्याश्चतुर्दश
From sexual union out of desire, O Brāhmaṇas, and likewise from harshness and similar acts, barley and other grains are produced, both cultivated and wild, fourteen in number.
ओषध्यश् च रजोदोषाः स्त्रीणां रागादिभिर् नृणाम् अकालकृष्टा विध्वस्ताः पुनरुत्पादितास् तथा
Plants too are affected by the fault of impurity, and because of passion and similar faults in women and men, they are prematurely harvested, destroyed, and then produced again in the same way.
तस्मात्सर्वप्रयत्नेन न संभाष्या रजस्वला प्रथमे ऽहनि चाण्डाली यथा वर्ज्या तथाङ्गना
Therefore, by every effort, a menstruating woman should not be spoken to; on the first day, she is to be avoided just as an outcaste woman is, so too is a menstruating woman.
द्वितीये ऽहनि विप्रा हि यथा वै ब्रह्मघातिनी तृतीये ऽह्नि तदर्धेन चतुर्थे ऽहनि सुव्रताः
On the second day, O Brāhmaṇas, she is to be avoided as one who has slain a Brāhmaṇa; on the third day, by half as much, and on the fourth day, O virtuous ones,
स्नात्वार्धमासात् संशुद्धा ततः शुद्धिर्भविष्यति आ षोडशात् ततः स्त्रीणां मूत्रवच्छौचमिष्यते
After bathing, she is purified in half a month; then purity is attained. From the sixteenth day onward, for women, cleanliness is as with urine.
पञ्चरात्रं तथास्पृश्या रजसा वर्तते यदि सा विंशद्दिवसादूर्ध्वं रजसा पूर्ववत्तथा
If her impurity lasts for five nights, she remains untouchable with that impurity; if it continues beyond twenty days, the impurity is as before.
स्नानं शौचं तथा गानं रोदनं हसनं तथा यानमभ्यञ्जनं नारी द्यूतं चैवानुलेपनम्
Bathing, cleaning, singing, weeping, laughing, traveling, anointing, a woman should avoid, as well as gambling and applying ointments.
दिवास्वप्नं विशेषेण तथा वै दन्तधावनम् मैथुनं मानसं वापि वाचिकं देवतार्चनम्
Sleeping during the day especially, brushing the teeth, sexual union—whether mental or verbal—worship of deities,
वर्जयेत्सर्वयत्नेन नमस्कारं रजस्वला रजस्वलाङ्गनास्पर्शसंभाषे च रजस्वला
She should avoid, with all effort, salutation; and touching or conversing with a menstruating woman should also be avoided.
संत्यागं चैव वस्त्राणां वर्जयेत्सर्वयत्नतः स्नात्वान्यपुरुषं नारी न स्पृशेत्तु रजस्वला
She should also, with all effort, avoid discarding clothes; after bathing, a menstruating woman should not touch another person.
ईक्षयेद्भास्करं देवं ब्रह्मकूर्चं ततः पिबेत् केवलं पञ्चगव्यं वा क्षीरं वा चात्मशुद्धये
She should look at the sun, then drink water consecrated with Brahma grass, or only five products of the cow, or milk, for self-purification.