Linga Purana

द्युतिर्द्युतिमतां कृत्स्नं यत्तेजः सर्वलौकिकम् सर्वात्मा सर्वलोकेशो महादेवः प्रजापतिः

The radiance of all the radiant ones, all your worldly brilliance, the soul of all, the lord of all worlds—Mahādeva, the lord of creatures.

सूर्य एव त्रिलोकेशो मूलं परमदैवतम् ततः संजायते सर्वं तत्रैव प्रविलीयते

The sun alone is the lord of the three worlds, the supreme and original deity; from him everything arises, and into him all dissolves.

भावाभावौ हि लोकानाम् आदित्यान्निःसृतौ पुरा अविज्ञेयो ग्रहो विप्रा दीप्तिमान्सुप्रभो रविः

The coming into being and passing away of worlds originally proceed from the sun; the planet, O Brahmins, is not easily known—Ravi, the radiant and resplendent one.

अत्र गच्छन्ति निधनं जायन्ते च पुनः पुनः क्षणा मुहूर्ता दिवसा निशाः पक्षाश् च कृत्स्नशः

Here, moments, instants, days, nights, and fortnights all come to an end and are born again, over and over.

मासाः संवत्सरश्चैव ऋतवो ऽथ युगानि च तदादित्यादृते ह्येषा कालसंख्या न विद्यते

Months, years, seasons, and even ages—without the sun, none of these reckonings of time exist.

कालादृते न नियमो न दीक्षा नाह्निकक्रमः ऋतूनां च विभागश् च पुष्पं मूलं फलं कुतः

Without time, there is no order, no initiation, no daily sequence; nor is there division of seasons, nor flower, root, or fruit.

कुतः सस्यविनिष्पत्तिस् तृणौषधिगणो ऽपि च अभावो व्यवहाराणां जन्तूनां दिवि चेह च

How could there be the ripening of crops, or even the multitude of grasses and herbs? Without it, there is no existence for living beings, either here or in heaven.

जगत्प्रतापनमृते भास्करं रुद्ररूपिणम् स एष कालश्चाग्निश् च द्वादशात्मा प्रजापतिः

Without Bhāskara, the sun who is the form of Rudra and who heats the world, there is no shining; he is time, fire, the twelvefold lord of creatures.

तपत्येष द्विजश्रेष्ठास् त्रैलोक्यं सचराचरम् स एष तेजसां राशिः समस्तः सार्वलौकिकः

He burns, O best of twice-born, the three worlds, both moving and unmoving; he is the total mass of all brilliance, pervading all the worlds.

उत्तमं मार्गमास्थाय रात्र्यहोभिर् इदं जगत् पार्श्वत ऊर्ध्वम् अधश् चैव तापयत्येष सर्वशः

Taking the highest path, by day and night, he heats this world from the sides, above, and below—entirely.

यथा प्रभाकरो दीपो गृहमध्ये ऽवलम्बितः पार्श्वत ऊर्ध्वम् अधश्चैव तमो नाशयते समम्

Just as a shining lamp, hanging in the middle of a house, destroys darkness equally on all sides, above, and below—

तद्वत्सहस्रकिरणो ग्रहराजो जगत्प्रभुः सूर्यो गोभिर् जगत् सर्वम् आदीपयति सर्वतः

So too, the sun, lord of planets, master of the world, with a thousand rays, illuminates the whole world in every direction with his beams.

रवे रश्मिसहस्रं यत् प्राङ्मया समुदाहृतम् तेषां श्रेष्ठाः पुनः सप्त रश्मयो ग्रहयोनयः

Of the thousand rays of the sun that I have previously described, seven are the best among them—these are the sources of the planets.

सुषुम्नो हरिकेशश् च विश्वकर्मा तथैव च विश्वव्यचाः पुनश्चाद्यः संनद्धश् च ततः परः

Suṣumna, Harikeśa, Viśvakarman, likewise Viśvavyacā, then Ādya and Saṃnaddha, and after them Para—

सर्वावसुः पुनश्चान्यः स्वराडन्यः प्रकीर्तितः सुषुम्नः सूर्यरश्मिस्तु दक्षिणां राशिम् ऐधयत्

Sarvāvasu is another, and Svarāṭ is also named; Suṣumna, the sun's ray, kindled the southern sign.

न्यगूर्ध्वाधः प्रचारो ऽस्य सुषुम्नः परिकीर्तितः हरिकेशः पुरस्ताद् यो ऋक्षयोनिः प्रकीर्त्यते

Suṣumna is said to move downward, upward, and below; Harikeśa, who is in front, is called the source of the stars.

दक्षिणे विश्वकर्मा च रश्मिर्वर्धयते बुधम् विश्वव्यचास्तु यः पश्चाच् छुक्रयोनिः स्मृतो बुधैः

Viśvakarman, on the right, increases the ray for Mercury; Viśvavyacā, who is behind, is remembered by the wise as the source of Venus.

संनद्धश् च तु यो रश्मिः स योनिर् लोहितस्य तु षष्ठः सर्वावसू रश्मिः स योनिस्तु बृहस्पतेः

Saṃnaddha is the ray whose source is Mars; the sixth, Sarvāvasu, is the ray whose source is Jupiter.

शनैश्चरं पुनश् चापि रश्मिर् आप्यायते स्वराट् एवं सूर्यप्रभावेन नक्षत्रग्रहतारकाः

Again, the ray nourishes Saturn, called Śanaiścara; thus, by the sun's radiance, the stars, planets, and constellations shine.

दृश्यन्ते दिवि ताः सर्वाः विश्वं चेदं पुनर्जगत् न क्षीयन्ते यतस्तानि तस्मान्नक्षत्रता स्मृता

All these are seen in the sky, and this entire universe as well; since they do not perish, they are therefore called stars.

क्षेत्राण्येतानि सर्वाणि आतपन्ति गभस्तिभिः तेषां क्षेत्राण्यथादत्ते सूर्यो नक्षत्रतारकाः

All these fields shine with their rays; the sun receives from them the stars and constellations.

चीर्णेन सुकृतेनेह सुकृतान्ते ग्रहाश्रयाः तारणात्तारका ह्येताः शुक्लत्वाच्चैव तारकाः

Through virtuous acts performed here, at the end of good deeds, they resort to the planets; because they cross over, they are called stars, and because of their whiteness, they are also called stars.

दिव्यानां पार्थिवानां च नैशानां चैव सर्वशः आदानान्नित्यमादित्यस् तेजसां तमसामपि

Of the divine, earthly, and nocturnal ones, all without exception, the sun always takes their radiance, even of the dark ones.

सवने स्यन्दने ऽर्थे च धातुर् एष विभाष्यते सवनात्तेजसो ऽपां च तेनासौ सविता मतः

For the purpose of sacrifice and movement, this element is described; because he draws forth the radiance of the waters, he is therefore called Savitṛ.

बहुलश्चन्द्र इत्येष ह्लादने धातुरुच्यते शुक्लत्वे चामृतत्वे च शीतत्वे च विभाव्यते

The full moon is called the element of delight; it is perceived in whiteness, immortality, and coolness.

सूर्याचन्द्रमसोर्दिव्ये मण्डले भास्वरे खगे जलतेजोमये शुक्ले वृत्तकुंभनिभे शुभे

In the shining, radiant, celestial orbits of the sun and moon, which are luminous, watery, and bright, round and like a good pot, auspicious—

घनतोयात्मकं तत्र मण्डलं शशिनः स्मृतम् घनतेजोमयं शुक्लं मण्डलं भास्करस्य तु

There, the moon's orb is said to be of the nature of condensed water; the sun's orb, however, is bright, full of condensed light, and white.

वसन्ति सर्वदेवाश् च स्थानान्येतानि सर्वशः मन्वन्तरेषु सर्वेषु ऋक्षसूर्यग्रहाश्रयाः

All the gods dwell in these places; in every Manvantara, they all depend on the stars, the sun, and the planets.

तेन ग्रहा गृहाण्येव तदाख्यास्ते भवन्ति च सौरं सूर्यो ऽविशत्स्थानं सौम्यं सोमस्तथैव च

Therefore, the planets are indeed called houses; the sun entered the solar abode, and the moon likewise entered the lunar abode.