वैद्युतो ऽब्जस्तु विज्ञेयस् तेषां वक्ष्ये तु लक्षणम् वैद्युतो जाठरः सौरो वारिगर्भास्त्रयो ऽग्नयः
Of these, the electric, the aquatic, and the lotus-born are to be understood; I shall now describe their characteristics. The electric, the digestive, the solar, and the aquatic—these three are fires.
तस्मादपः पिबन्सूर्यो गोभिर् दीप्यत्यसौ विभुः जले चाब्जः समाविष्टो नाद्भिर् अग्निः प्रशाम्यति
Therefore, the sun, drinking up the waters, shines forth with rays; the lotus-born fire is established in water, but fire is not extinguished by water.
मानवानां च कुक्षिस्थो नाग्निः शाम्यति पावकः अर्चिष्मान्पवनः सो ऽग्निर् निष्प्रभो जाठरः स्मृतः
In the bellies of humans, fire is not extinguished; the blazing fire, accompanied by wind, is called the digestive fire, though it is without visible light.
यश्चायं मण्डली शुक्ली निरूष्मा सम्प्रजायते प्रभा सौरी तु पादेन ह्य् अस्तं याते दिवाकरे
And that which appears as a white, circular, and cool form, when the sun has set with its foot, is the solar radiance.
अग्निमाविशते रात्रौ तस्माद्दूरात्प्रकाशते उद्यन्तं च पुनः सूर्यम् औष्ण्यम् अग्नेः समाविशेत्
At night, the fire enters the sun's orb, and thus it shines from afar; when the sun rises again, the heat of fire enters the sun once more.
पादेन पार्थिवस्याग्नेस् तस्मादग्निस्तपत्यसौ प्रकाशोष्णस्वरूपे च सौराग्नेये तु तेजसी
By the foot of the terrestrial fire, therefore, that fire burns; in both their forms of light and heat, the solar and terrestrial fires are radiant.
परस्परानुप्रवेशाद् आप्यायेते परस्परम् उत्तरे चैव भूम्यर्धे तथा ह्यग्निश् च दक्षिणे
By mutual interpenetration, they nourish each other; in the northern half of the earth is water, and in the southern, fire.
उत्तिष्ठति पुनः सूर्यः पुनर्वै प्रविशत्य् अपः तस्मात्ताम्रा भवन्त्यापो दिवारात्रिप्रवेशनात्
The sun rises again and again, and again enters the waters; therefore, the waters become coppery due to the sun's entering by day and night.
अस्तं याति पुनः सूर्यो ऽहर्वै प्रविशत्य् अपः तस्मान्नक्तं पुनः शुक्ला आपो दृश्यन्ति भास्वराः
The sun sets again, and the waters enter the day; therefore, at night, the waters appear white and shining.
एतेन क्रमयोगेन भूम्यर्धे दक्षिणोत्तरे उदयास्तमने नित्यम् अहोरात्रं विशत्य् अपः
By this sequential process, in the southern and northern halves of the earth, at sunrise and sunset, day and night, the waters always enter.
यश्चासौ तपते सूर्यः पिबन्नंभो गभस्तिभिः पार्थिवाग्निविमिश्रो ऽसौ दिव्यः शुचिरिति स्मृतः
And that sun who shines, drinking water with his rays, is said to be the divine and pure one, mingled with terrestrial fire.
सहस्रपादसौ वह्निर् वृत्तकुम्भनिभः स्मृतः आदत्ते स तु नाडीनां सहस्रेण समन्ततः
That fire is said to have a thousand feet, resembling a round pot; it draws in, on all sides, with a thousand channels.
नादेयीश्चैव सामुद्रीः कूपाश्चैव तथा घनाः स्थावरा जङ्गमाश्चैव वापीकुल्यादिका अपः
The channels are those of the ocean, wells, clouds, stationary and moving waters, as well as tanks, streams, and the like.
तस्य रश्मिसहस्रं तच् छीतवर्षोष्णनिःस्रवम् तासां चतुःशता नाड्यो वर्षन्ते चित्रमूर्तयः
Its thousand rays emit cold, rain, and heat; of these, four hundred channels rain forth, each with a wondrous form.
भजनाश्चैव माल्याश् च केतनाः पतनास् तथा अमृता नामतः सर्वा रश्मयो वृष्टिसर्जनाः
They are called vessels, garlands, banners, and falling streams; all the rays that cause rain are named 'nectar.'
हिमोद्वहाश् च ता नाड्यो रश्मयस् त्रिशताः पुनः रेशा मेघाश् च वात्स्याश् च ह्लादिन्यो हिमसर्जनाः
Three hundred of those channels are rays that carry snow; among them are threads, clouds, and showers, which are cooling and produce snow.
चन्द्रभा नामतः सर्वा पीताभाश् च गभस्तयः शुक्लाश् च ककुभाश्चैव गावो विश्वभृतस् तथा
All are called by the name 'moon-rays,' and the yellowish rays, the white ones, the directions, and the cows that sustain the universe as well.
शुक्लास्ता नामतः सर्वास् त्रिशतीर्घर्मसर्जनाः सोमो बिभर्ति ताभिस्तु मनुष्यपितृदेवताः
All those white ones are named as three hundred rays that produce heat; by these, the moon nourishes humans, ancestors, and gods.
मनुष्यानौषधेनेह स्वधया च पितॄनपि अमृतेन सुरान् सर्वांस् तिसृभिस् तर्पयत्यसौ
Here, he satisfies humans with herbs, ancestors with oblations, and all the gods with nectar, by means of three things.
वसन्ते चैव ग्रीष्मे च शतैः स तपते त्रिभिः वर्षास्वथो शरदि च चतुर्भिः संप्रवर्षति
In spring and summer, he burns with three hundred rays; in the rainy season and autumn, he pours forth with four hundred.
हेमन्ते शिशिरे चैव हिममुत्सृजते त्रिभिः इन्द्रो धाता भगः पूषा मित्रो ऽथ वरुणो ऽर्यमा
In winter and late winter, he releases frost with three rays: Indra, Dhātā, Bhaga, Pūṣā, Mitra, Varuṇa, and Aryaman.
अंशुर् विवस्वांस्त्वष्टा च पर्जन्यो विष्णुरेव च वरुणो माघमासे तु सूर्य एव तु फाल्गुने
Aṃśu, Vivasvān, Tvaṣṭā, Parjanya, Viṣṇu, Varuṇa in the month of Māgha, and Sūrya in Phālguna.
चैत्रे मासि भवेदंशुर् धाता वैशाखतापनः ज्येष्ठे मासि भवेदिन्द्र आषाढे चार्यमा रविः
In the month of Caitra, Aṃśu; in Vaiśākha, Dhātā the heat-giver; in Jyeṣṭha, Indra; in Āṣāḍha, Aryaman and Ravi.
विवस्वान् श्रावणे मासि प्रौष्ठपदे भगः स्मृतः पर्जन्यो ऽश्वयुजे मासि त्वष्टा वै कार्तिके रविः
Vivasvān in Śrāvaṇa; Bhaga is remembered in Prauṣṭhapada; Parjanya in Āśvayuja; Tvaṣṭā and Ravi in Kārtika.
मार्गशीर्षे भवेन्मित्रः पौषे विष्णुः सनातनः पञ्चरश्मिसहस्राणि वरुणस्यार्ककर्मणि
Mitra in Mārgaśīrṣa; Viṣṇu, the eternal, in Pauṣa; Varuṇa’s solar work has five thousand rays.
षड्भिः सहस्रैः पूषा तु देवो ऽंशुः सप्तभिस् तथा धाताष्टभिः सहस्रैस्तु नवभिस्तु शतक्रतुः
Pūṣā, the god Aṃśu, shines with six thousand rays; Dhātā with seven thousand; Śatakratu with eight thousand.
विवस्वान् दशभिर् याति यात्येकादशभिर् भगः सप्तभिस्तपते मित्रस् त्वष्टा चैवाष्टभिः स्मृतः
Vivasvān moves with ten rays; Bhaga with eleven; Mitra burns with seven; Tvaṣṭā is remembered with eight.
अर्यमा दशभिर् याति पर्जन्यो नवभिस् तथा षड्भी रश्मिसहस्रैस्तु विष्णुस्तपति मेदिनीम्
Aryaman moves with ten rays; Parjanya with nine; Viṣṇu heats the earth with six thousand rays.
वसंते कपिलः सूर्यो ग्रीष्मे काञ्चनसप्रभः श्वेतो वर्षासु वर्णेन पाण्डुः शरदि भास्करः
In spring, the Sun is tawny; in summer, he shines with golden brilliance; in the rainy season, he is white; in autumn, he is pale.
हेमन्ते ताम्रवर्णस्तु शिशिरे लोहितो रविः इति वर्णाः समाख्याता मया सूर्यसमुद्भवाः
In winter, his color is coppery; in late winter, he is red. Thus, I have described the colors arising from the Sun.