Linga Purana

मासतृप्तिमवाप्याग्र्यां पीत्वा गच्छन्ति ते ऽमृतम् पितृभिः पीयमानस्य पञ्चदश्यां कला तु या

Having attained satisfaction for a month by drinking the best nectar, they depart; and the portion of the fifteenth day, drunk by the ancestors,

यावत्तु क्षीयते तस्य भागः पञ्चदशस्तु सः अमावास्यां ततस्तस्या अन्तरा पूर्यते पुनः

As long as that fifteenth part is diminished, at the new moon, in between, it is filled again.

वृद्धिक्षयौ वै पक्षादौ षोडश्यां शशिनः स्मृतौ एवं सूर्यनिमित्तैषा पक्षवृद्धिर्निशाकरे

The waxing and waning of the moon at the beginning of each fortnight and on the sixteenth day are remembered; thus, by the sun's influence, the waxing of the fortnight occurs in the moon.

अष्टभिश् च हयैर्युक्तः सोमपुत्रस्य वै रथः वारितेजोमयश्चाथ पिशङ्गैश्चैव शोभनैः

The chariot of the son of Soma is yoked with eight horses, made of water and light, and adorned with beautiful tawny ones.

दशभिश्चाकृशैरश्वैर् नानावर्णै रथः स्मृतः शुक्रस्य क्ष्मामयैर्युक्तो दैत्याचार्यस्य धीमतः

The chariot of Shukra is said to have ten slender horses of various colors, yoked with earthly ones, belonging to the wise preceptor of the Daityas.

अष्टाश्वश्चाथ भौमस्य रथो हैमः सुशोभनः जीवस्य हैमश्चाष्टाश्वो मन्दस्यायसनिर्मितः

The chariot of Mars has eight horses and is made of gold, very splendid; the chariot of Jiva is also golden with eight horses, and that of Saturn is made of iron.

रथ आपोमयैरश्वैर् दशभिस्तु सितेतरैः स्वर्भानोर्भास्करारेश् च तथा चाष्टहयः स्मृतः

The chariot of Rahu is drawn by ten horses made of water, white and other colors; likewise, the chariot of Ketu and the Sun is said to have eight horses.

सर्वे ध्रुवनिबद्धा वै ग्रहास्ते वातरश्मिभिः एतेन भ्राम्यमाणाश् च यथायोगं व्रजन्ति वै

All these planets are fixed to the pole star and move by wind-rays; being thus rotated, they proceed according to their proper order.

यावन्त्यश्चैव ताराश् च तावन्तश्चैव रश्मयः सर्वे ध्रुवनिबद्धाश् च भ्रमन्तो भ्रामयन्ति तम्

As many as there are stars, so many are the rays; all are fixed to the pole star, revolving and causing it to revolve.

अलातचक्रवद्यान्ति वातचक्रेरितानि तु यस्माद्वहति ज्योतींषि प्रवहस्तेन स स्मृतः

They move like the rim of a firebrand wheel, driven by the wheel of wind; because he carries the lights, he is called Pravaha.

नक्षत्रसूर्याश् च तथा ग्रहतारागणैः सह उन्मुखाभिमुखाः सर्वे चक्रभूताः श्रिता दिवि

The lunar mansions and the sun, together with the groups of planets and stars, all face toward and away, forming a wheel established in the sky.

ध्रुवेणाधिष्ठिताश्चैव ध्रुवमेव प्रदक्षिणम् प्रयान्ति चेश्वरं द्रष्टुं मेढीभूतं ध्रुवं दिवि

Established by the pole star, they all move clockwise around the pole star, to behold the lord, the pole star, fixed in the sky.

नवयोजनसाहस्रो विष्कम्भः सवितुः स्मृतः त्रिगुणस्तस्य विस्तारो मण्डलस्य प्रमाणतः

The diameter of the sun's orb is said to be nine thousand yojanas; its circumference is three times that, according to measurement.

द्विगुणः सूर्यविस्ताराद् विस्तारः शशिनः स्मृतः तुल्यस्तयोस्तु स्वर्भानुर् भूत्वाधस्तात्प्रसर्पति

The extent of the moon is said to be twice that of the sun; and Svarbhanu is equal to both, moving below.

उद्धृत्य पृथिवीछायां निर्मितां मण्डलाकृतिम् स्वर्भानोस्तु बृहत्स्थानं तृतीयं यत् तमोमयम्

Having taken the shadow of the earth, shaped like a circle, the great place of Svarbhanu is the third, which is made of darkness.

चन्द्रस्य षोडशो भागो भार्गवस्य विधीयते विष्कम्भान्मण्डलाच्चैव योजनाच्च प्रमाणतः

A sixteenth part of the Moon is assigned to Venus, according to the measure of their diameters, circles, and distances.

भार्गवात्पादहीनस्तु विज्ञेयो वै बृहस्पतिः पादहीनौ वक्रसौरी तथायामप्रमाणतः

Know that Jupiter is less by a quarter than Venus; similarly, Mars and Saturn are also less by a quarter, and their measures are not equal.

विस्तारान्मण्डलाच्चैव पादहीनस्तयोर्बुधः तारानक्षत्ररूपाणि वपुष्मन्तीह यानि वै

Mercury is less by a quarter in both diameter and circle compared to Mars and Saturn; all the shining forms here, such as stars and constellations,

बुधेन तानि तुल्यानि विस्तारान्मण्डलादपि प्रायशश्चन्द्रयोगीनि विद्यादृक्षाणि तत्त्ववित्

are equal to Mercury in diameter and circle; and the wise know that the stars associated with the Moon are generally of this kind.

तारानक्षत्ररूपाणि हीनानि तु परस्परम् शतानि पञ्च चत्वारि त्रीणि द्वे चैव योजने

The forms of stars and constellations are mutually less by five hundred, four hundred, three hundred, and two hundred yojanas.

सर्वोपरि निकृष्टानि तारकामण्डलानि तु योजनद्वयमात्राणि तेभ्यो ह्रस्वं न विद्यते

Above all are the lesser circles of stars, each measuring two yojanas; nothing is found smaller than these.

उपरिष्टात्त्रयस्तेषां ग्रहा ये दूरसर्पिणः सौरो ऽङ्गिराश् च वक्रश् च ज्ञेया मन्दविचारिणः

Above them are three planets, which move far: Saturn, Mars, and the retrograde planet, known as the slow-moving ones.

तेभ्यो ऽधस्तात्तु चत्वारः पुनरन्ये महाग्रहाः सूर्यः सोमो बुधश्चैव भार्गवश्चैव शीघ्रगाः

Below them are four other great planets: the Sun, the Moon, Mercury, and Venus, all moving swiftly.

तावन्त्यस्तारकाः कोट्यो यावन्त्यृक्षाणि सर्वशः ध्रुवात् तु नियमाच्चैषाम् ऋक्षमार्गे व्यवस्थितिः

The number of stars is as many crores as there are constellations in all; their positions are fixed on the path of the constellations, according to the rule from the Pole Star.

सप्ताश्वस्यैव सूर्यस्य नीचोच्चत्वमनुक्रमात् उत्तरायणमार्गस्थो यदा पर्वसु चन्द्रमाः

The Sun, drawn by seven horses, rises and sets in order; when the Moon is on the northern path at the junctions,

उच्चत्वाद्दृश्यते शीघ्रं नातिव्यक्तैर्गभस्तिभिः तदा दक्षिणमार्गस्थो नीचां वीथिमुपाश्रितः

because of its height, it appears swiftly, not with very distinct rays; then, being on the southern path, it follows a lower course.

भूमिरेखावृतः सूर्यः पौर्णिमावास्ययोस् तदा ददृशे च यथाकालं शीघ्रमस्तमुपैति च

The Sun, encircled by the earth, is seen at the full and new moons; at the proper time, it quickly sets as well.

तस्मादुत्तरमार्गस्थो ह्य् अमावास्यां निशाकरः ददृशे दक्षिणे मार्गे नियमाद्दृश्यते न च

Therefore, when the Moon is on the northern path at new moon, it is seen; on the southern path, by rule, it is not seen.

ज्योतिषां गतियोगेन सूर्यस्य तमसा वृतः समानकालास्तमयौ विषुवत्सु समोदयौ

By the conjunction of the movements of the luminaries, the Sun is covered by darkness; at the equinoxes, sunrise and sunset occur at the same time.