When the birds, the lotuses, and other beings pour down their waters, the entire ocean becomes full, and there, the Lord—who has no equal—rests in serene majesty. O best of the twice-born, know that the smoke arising from fire, from breath, from birds, and from clouds is always understood as nourishment for the world. In the Pundra region, all the rains are born of lightning, bringing coolness and abundant crops. The dew and frost that fall there are said to be the droplets of the serpents. The sacred Ganges, born from her own waters, is filled by the rains and mountain streams, crowded with rivers descending from the heights and the mighty elephants of the directions. The water separated from the clouds is mostly carried away by the wind known as Parāvaha, which brings it to the teacher of Ambika. After surpassing the lord of Mena, the remaining rain comes to the land of Bharata, enriching the western regions. Thus, O twice-born, the rains have been described as twofold, for the increase of all things. Now, I will briefly explain, as I understand, the two kinds of crops. The creator, the sun of great brilliance, the all-seeing one who pervades all—he is truly the supreme Lord Shiva. He is energy, vigor, strength, O Brahmins; he is fame, the eye, the ear, the mind, death, the self, anger, the directions, and the quarters. He is truth, order, the wind, the sky, and the one who moves within the sky. He is the guardian of the world—Hari, Brahma, Rudra—indeed, the great Lord himself. He shines with a thousand rays, glorious, eight-armed, most auspicious, with a form half-female, manifestly three-eyed, and the lord of the gods. By his grace alone, O twice-born, rain arises in many forms; with his rays, he draws up water to release it a thousandfold. There is neither destruction nor increase of water, as he wills; the wind, established in the pole star, gathers the rain again. Emerging from the planets, from the sun, and throughout the constellation circle, at the end of its journey, the water enters the sun, established by the pole star. Now, I will briefly describe the chariot of the sun, and also that of the moon, as well as the movement of the other planets and the bearer of water. The solar chariot was created by Brahma for a divine purpose; it is composed of the parts of the year, O best of the twice-born. This chariot has a wheel with three naves and five spokes, made of gold, the abode of all the gods, and especially of the sun himself. It is said to be nine thousand yojanas in both length and breadth, and its axle, twice as long as the platform, is measured accordingly. The chariot is harnessed to unyoked horses; wherever the wheel stands, there stand his seven steeds, fashioned from the meters of sacred verse. Bound to the spokes of the wheel, the axle is fixed at the pole; as the wheel with the horses revolves, so too does the axle with the pole. The axle, together with the single wheel, revolves, set in motion by the pole; the wise and steadfast pole, driven by the winds, propels the lights. Two rays of the chariot are joined at the ends of the yoke and axle; bound by rays to the pole, the yoke and axle revolve together. As the chariot turns, circles are formed in the heavens; the ends of the yoke and axle are on the right side of the chariot. Held by the pole and by reins attached to the horses, as it revolves, both rays follow the pole. The end of the yoke and axle of this wind-driven chariot is fixed to a stake, and, like a rope, it revolves in all directions. As it turns, the rays increase in the circles during the sun’s northern course; as it turns to the south, the circles are again formed. When those rays, governed by the pole, are drawn in, then the sun, remaining within, revolves in circles. There are eighty hundred circles between the two sections; when the rays, released by the pole, return again, the process continues. In the same way, the sun moves in circles externally, swiftly unwinding the circles as he goes. Thus, the gods and sages worship day and night, always honoring Bhāskara, the lord of existence. That chariot is presided over by gods, Adityas, sages, Gandharvas, Apsaras, chiefs, serpents, and Rākṣasas. These divine beings dwell with the sun, each pair for two months in turn, nourishing the radiant and auspicious Bhāskara with their energies. The sages praise Ravi with their composed words, while Gandharvas and Apsaras worship him with dance and song. The chiefs, Yakṣas, and spirits gather their weapons; serpents carry the sun, and the Yātudhānas follow him. The Vālakhilyas lead the sun to his setting, surrounding him at sunrise; thus, these dwell with the sun, each pair for two months. The months are named: Madhū and Mādhava, Śukra and Śuci, Nabhas and Nabhasya, Iṣa and Ūrja, Sahas and Sahasya, Tapasya and Tapah—these twelve months make up the human year, O twice-born ones. The seasons are known as Vasanta (spring), Grishma (summer), Varsha (rainy), Sharad (autumn), Hemanta (early winter), and Shishira (late winter). The presiding deities are Dhata, Aryaman, Mitra, Varuna, Indra, Vivasvan, Pushan, Parjanya, Anshu, and Bhaga. Also named are Tvashtri, Vishnu, Pulastya, Pulaha, Atri, Vasishta, Angiras, and Bhrigu, the foremost among the wise. Thus, O best of the twice-born, is the glorious order of the sun and his chariot, the rains, and the seasons, all governed by the supreme Lord, who is the very essence of all that exists.