Upon the lofty summit of Mandara mountain stands the magnificent Keturāṭ tree, its branches spreading wide, accompanied by the sacred kadamba. On the peak of the southern mountain, revered by the gods, grows the jambu tree, ever fruitful and adorned with garlands. This famed jambu tree is celebrated throughout the worlds, and it graces the summit of the great western mountain, Vipula. There, upon its heights, the sacred aśvattha tree has arisen, and on the peak of the northern Supārśva mountain flourishes another mighty tree—a banyan, whose trunk spans many yojanas. These four lordly mountains, each with its own wondrous tree, form the heart of the divine landscape. Nestled among these mountains are four delightful, supernatural playgrounds of the gods, enchanting in every season. Their forests are renowned: in the east lies Caitraratha, in the south Gandhamādana, in the west Vaibhrāja, and in the north Savitṛ’s forest. Sacred shrines abound: in the east stand Mitreśvara and Ṣaṣṭheśvara; in the west, Varyeshvara; and in the north, Amrakeshvara. Likewise, there are four great lakes where sages and gods find joy—Arunodha in the east, Manasa in the south, Sitoda in the west, and Mahabhadra in the north. Fields and domains are scattered across the land: Shakha’s field lies to the south, Vishakha’s to the west, Naigameya’s to the north, and Kumara’s to the east. East of Arunodha rise the Shailendra mountains, with peaks such as Sitanta, Kuranda, Kurara, and the excellent Achala. Other prominent mountains include Vikara, Manishaila, Vrkshavan, Mahaniila, Rucaka, Sabindu, and Dardura. Venuman, Samegha, and Nishadha—the divine mountain—stand among the foremost, and many others grace the eastern realm, declared as abodes of the Siddhas. Within these great mountains, among caves and forests, divine fields dedicated to Rudra, Vishnu, and Narayana have been established. South of Manasa lake are more renowned peaks: Shaila, Vishira, Shikhara, Achala, Eka-shringa, Mahashula, Gaja-shaila, Pishachaka, Panchashaila, Kailasa, and the mighty Himavan. Each mountain and forest is exalted, divine, and famed for its greatness, with Rudra-fields created by the gods. Turning westward, mountains such as Sitoda, Surapa the mighty, Kumuda, Madhuman, Anjana, and Mukuta rise, along with Krishna, Pandura, Sahasrashikhara, Parijata, Shailendra, and Shri-shringa. These are the divine mountains of the west, each endowed with Rudra-fields. To the north of Mahabhadra lake stand the mighty Shankhakuta, Vrishabha, Hamsa mountain, Naga, Kapila, and Indrashaila with its peaks. Nīla, Kaṇṭakaśṛṅga, Śataśṛṅga, Parvata, Puṣpakośa, Praśaila, Viraja, Varāha mountain, Mayūra the great peak, and Jārudhi, lord of mountains, complete the northern array. Upon these divine mountains, sacred to the trident-bearing Lord Shiva, countless celestial aerial palaces shimmer, filling the skies by the thousands. Between these chief mountains lie valleys, lakes, and groves, each in its proper order. Gods, sages, and perfected beings devoted to Shiva dwell in these lands, making their homes with their wives by the grace of the Supreme Lord. Kashyapa and others reside in the Bilva forest with Lakṣmī and her companions. In the Tāla grove, Indra, Upendra, and serpent-souled beings make their abode. Kardama and other great souls live in the Udumbara grove, while Vidyādharas and Siddhas inhabit the auspicious Amra grove. Nāgas and groups of Siddhas are found in the Nimba grove, and Sūrya, along with the hosts of Rudra, dwells in the Kiṃśuka grove. In the sacred Bījapūra grove, the divine preceptor is established, and in the Kaumudī grove, great souls led by Viṣṇu reside. Within the Sthalapadma grove, beneath the Nyagrodha tree, all serpents dwell, including Śeṣa, the proud lord of all worlds. He alone is Time for all worlds, established in the netherworld, the divine form of Viṣṇu, the universal teacher, bearing the plough as his weapon. This is the resting place of the Lord of gods, the bracelet of mighty Hari. In the grove of Panasa trees, Dānavas and others, along with Śukra, have their abode. Kinnaras and serpents reside in the Viśākhaka grove, while the Manohara grove flourishes with trees of every kind. Nandīśvara stands there, praised by the hosts of Gaṇas, and in the midst of the Saṃtānaka grove, the goddess Sarasvatī herself is present, blessing all with her divine presence. Thus, the sacred mountains, forests, lakes, and groves of the world are filled with gods, sages, and celestial beings, each dwelling in their appointed place, sustained by the grace of the Supreme Lord.