For one who is impure or unworthy, the śrāddha ceremony bears no fruit, neither in this world nor in the next. Brāhmaṇas who falsely claim the status of an āśrama are to be recognized as defilers of their lineage. There are others, too, whose presence corrupts these sacred rites: those who beget children with widows, thieves, impotent men, or atheists; those who set houses on fire, who eat impure food from pits, or twice-borns who sell Soma. The offspring of remarriage, usurers, and astrologers are also to be avoided, as are those with defective or excessive limbs and those who have wasted their seed. Furthermore, betrayers of friends, slanderers, and those who are always subservient to their wives are unfit for śrāddha. So, too, are those who break the family line, who have lost their ritual purity, or who have handled barley or sacred grass carelessly. Those who cross the sea, murderers, or breakers of agreements are also to be excluded. Those who take delight in reviling the twice-born must not be invited to these rites. The betrayer of friends, the deceiver, and especially those who corrupt the line of honored guests, as well as those who have abandoned contemplation of Brahman, must all be diligently avoided. A brāhmaṇa who neglects the great sacrifices is considered a corrupter of the guest line, as is one who is dominated by darkness or passion. All who practice condemned acts are to be shunned in these ceremonies. When the time for śrāddha comes, the householder should assemble all the twice-born, inviting them along with virtuous people. If this is not possible, then on the following day, he should invite those who possess the prescribed qualities. In this gathering, the invited guests, meditating upon one another in their minds, come together with the swiftness of thought. Like the wind, they arrive and, after partaking in the offerings, attain the highest state. All participants should remain disciplined and devoted to celibacy. The performer of śrāddha must avoid carrying burdens, engaging in sexual intercourse, traveling, or reciting sacred texts on that day. Failure to observe these rules leads to terrible consequences: one may fall into a dreadful hell, be reborn as a pig, or, if the sin is greater, as a worm in excrement. Such a person incurs the sin of killing a brāhmaṇa and may be reborn among the animals. For that month, his ancestors must subsist on food made of earth or, even worse, on filth. Therefore, the performer must be free from anger, devoted to purity, diligent in his deeds, and master of his senses. He should draw water from the south-facing tip of a plant, taking it up with its roots and ensuring it is very pure. A clean and secluded place should be smeared with cow dung for the ritual. The ancestors are always pleased by offerings made in such secluded and sanctified spots. Any act performed out of delusion should be restrained by those who know the law. It is said that things without an owner are not to be taken, and anything tainted by demons is purified by sesame seeds or the touch of a pure person. According to his means, the householder should prepare abundant food and drink for sipping. Approaching the guests properly, he should first offer a tooth-cleaning stick. Using vessels made of udumbara wood, he should make the offerings, having performed the Vaiśvadeva rite first. He should then present water for washing the feet and for sipping, each in the proper order. Seats should be arranged for the guests, facing east, each furnished with three darbha grasses. The darbha grasses, with their tips to the south, should be sprinkled with water mixed with sesame seeds. Inviting the guests with the words, "Be seated," he should offer them these seats, each one set apart for a guest, thus honoring the sacred tradition.