From Marudevī was born a radiant son named Ṛṣabha, whose brilliance shone forth. Ṛṣabha, seeking spiritual perfection, journeyed to the hermitage of the forest-dwellers and undertook austerities with unwavering discipline, following the prescribed rules. Immersed in the yoga of knowledge, he became a devoted worshiper of Pashupati, Lord of all beings. In another noble line, Sumati, herself resplendent, gave birth to Indradyumna. Indradyumna’s son was the renowned Pratiharta. From Pratiharta came Prithu, and from Prithu, Rakta was born. Rakta’s son was Gaya, and Gaya’s own son was a man of great strength and intelligence. Elsewhere, Tvashta was born to Tvashtu, and Viraja was the son of Rajas. Among all these illustrious descendants, Vishvajyotis stood as chief, the most powerful of them all. He fathered a son who was righteous, mighty-armed, and a subduer of enemies. In ages past, the earth was enjoyed and governed by the descendants of these noble lineages. Turning now to the structure of the worlds, it is said that the full extent of the three worlds is beyond detailed description. The realms of Janaloka, Tapoloka, and Satyaloka all arose from the cosmic egg at creation. So far, O best of the twice-born, the Bhurloka—the earthly realm—has been described in the Purana. Bhuvarloka, the atmospheric region, matches the extent of the sun’s orbit, and Svarloka, the heavenly world, is likewise described. There, the spokes of Vayu, the wind, are present, along with the regions known as Samvaha and Vivaha, and above them lies Paravaha. A hundred thousand yojanas from the earth is the orbit of the sun, and at that same distance, the entire circle of the stars shines. The planet Budha and also Ushanas are situated at this measure. At two hundred thousand yojanas from the earth stands the priest of the gods, and from there, a further hundred thousand yojanas away, one finds the circle of the Seven Sages. There, Dharma abides in the form of the blessed Lord Viṣṇu, Nārāyaṇa. The expanse of that circle is measured as threefold. Of those two, Svarbhānu moves below, his measure being equal, and Svarbhānu’s third station is said to be full of darkness. Below Bhārgava is Bṛhaspati, whose distance is less than a foot’s length, and from the expanse and circle, Budha too is without a foot’s length compared to those two. Budha maintains those distances and circles equally. There are measures of five hundred, four hundred, three hundred, and two hundred yojanas, as well as half-yojana measures—no smaller measures are known. Among the planets, Saturn, Aṅgiras, and Vakra are known as slow-moving, while the Sun, the Moon, Budha, and Bhārgava are swift. Of all the planets, the Sun moves below, while the entire circle of stars is above the Moon. Vakra is above Bhārgava, and above Vakra is Bṛhaspati. Above the Seven Sages and Dhruva, Bṛhaspati is established. It is said that the staff of this cosmic order is slightly inclined and twice as long as itself, while the axle of the chariot of time measures a yojana in length, upon which the wheel is fixed. There, the complete wheel of time, measuring a year, is firmly established.